{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1988753117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1137/0220063","title":"On the Exact Complexity of String Matching: Lower Bounds","display_name":"On the Exact Complexity of String Matching: Lower Bounds","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1988753117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1137/0220063","mag":"1988753117"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1137/0220063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1137/0220063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153560523","display_name":"SIAM Journal on Computing","issn_l":"0097-5397","issn":["0097-5397","1095-7111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320508","host_organization_name":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIAM Journal on Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048955152","display_name":"Zvi Galil","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zvi Galil","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078881318","display_name":"Raffaele Giancarlo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6286-8871"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raffaele Giancarlo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048955152"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2124,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96368786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"6","first_page":"1008","last_page":"1020"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string-searching-algorithm","display_name":"String searching algorithm","score":0.7523864507675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string","display_name":"String (physics)","score":0.66886967420578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alphabet","display_name":"Alphabet","score":0.6457351446151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commentz-walter-algorithm","display_name":"Commentz-Walter algorithm","score":0.6153113842010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximate-string-matching","display_name":"Approximate string matching","score":0.6030582785606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string-metric","display_name":"String metric","score":0.5376518964767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.47902220487594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.47462666034698486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.46864813566207886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.45583629608154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4468645453453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.44446444511413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4267335534095764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3832600712776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36321115493774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-matching","display_name":"Pattern matching","score":0.36154991388320923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3364598751068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11206573247909546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.06648507714271545}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7757238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374040","display_name":"String searching algorithm","level":3,"score":0.7523864507675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.66886967420578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112876837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837518","display_name":"Alphabet","level":2,"score":0.6457351446151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13052355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152399","display_name":"Commentz-Walter algorithm","level":4,"score":0.6153113842010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32610155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1798621","display_name":"Approximate string matching","level":3,"score":0.6030582785606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22820288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9050568","display_name":"String metric","level":4,"score":0.5376518964767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.47902220487594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.47462666034698486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46864813566207886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.45583629608154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4468645453453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.44446444511413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4267335534095764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3832600712776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36321115493774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68859911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503724","display_name":"Pattern matching","level":2,"score":0.36154991388320923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3364598751068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11206573247909546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06648507714271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1137/0220063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1137/0220063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153560523","display_name":"SIAM Journal on Computing","issn_l":"0097-5397","issn":["0097-5397","1095-7111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320508","host_organization_name":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIAM Journal on Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564013439","https://openalex.org/W1655990431","https://openalex.org/W1971820292","https://openalex.org/W1985108724","https://openalex.org/W2071907974","https://openalex.org/W4239658213"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2257399947","https://openalex.org/W2371263218","https://openalex.org/W2141423589","https://openalex.org/W3145288231","https://openalex.org/W2245915510","https://openalex.org/W2386746909","https://openalex.org/W2366300241","https://openalex.org/W2037600093","https://openalex.org/W2378689532","https://openalex.org/W1521505584"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"provides":[2],"several":[3],"lower":[4],"bounds":[5],"on":[6],"the":[7,20,46],"number":[8],"of":[9,28,38],"character":[10],"comparisons":[11],"that":[12,40],"any":[13],"string":[14,31],"matching":[15],"algorithm":[16],"must":[17],"perform":[18],"in":[19,23,32],"worst":[21],"case":[22],"order":[24],"to":[25],"find":[26],"occurrences":[27],"a":[29,33],"pattern":[30],"text":[34],"string.":[35],"The":[36],"class":[37],"algorithms":[39],"are":[41],"considered":[42],"need":[43],"not":[44],"know":[45],"alphabet.":[47]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
