{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2313809034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2000.0070222","title":"Biomedicine's Electronic Publishing Paradigm Shift: Copyright Policy and PubMed Central","display_name":"Biomedicine's Electronic Publishing Paradigm Shift: Copyright Policy and PubMed Central","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2313809034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2000.0070222","mag":"2313809034","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10833158"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.2000.0070222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2000.0070222","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/7/3/222/2543108/7-3-222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/7/3/222/2543108/7-3-222.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016946900","display_name":"Barry P. Markovitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324021844","display_name":"St. Louis Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00qw1qw03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324021844","https://openalex.org/I1328499231"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. P. Markovitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Missouri 63110, USA. markovitz@kids.wustl.edu","Affiliation of the author: Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Missouri 63110, USA. markovitz@kids.wustl.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324021844"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliation of the author: Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016946900"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324021844","https://openalex.org/I204465549"],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"fwci":11.9472,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98548576,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"222","last_page":"229"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11744","display_name":"Health Sciences Research and Education","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11744","display_name":"Health Sciences Research and Education","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12168","display_name":"Health and Medical Research Impacts","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13607","display_name":"Academic Publishing and Open Access","score":0.9635999798774719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/publishing","display_name":"Publishing","score":0.8158660531044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6351141333580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedicine","display_name":"Biomedicine","score":0.571189284324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paradigm-shift","display_name":"Paradigm shift","score":0.5379043817520142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5093702077865601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4967344403266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4429894685745239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44251933693885803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-publishing","display_name":"Electronic publishing","score":0.4193328022956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.40618622303009033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.37257254123687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.36474862694740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.34279343485832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3293089270591736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3225613832473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1735612154006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics","display_name":"Bioinformatics","score":0.0855688750743866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151719136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3972943","display_name":"Publishing","level":2,"score":0.8158660531044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6351141333580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66782513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864601","display_name":"Biomedicine","level":2,"score":0.571189284324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43540301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689971","display_name":"Paradigm shift","level":2,"score":0.5379043817520142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5093702077865601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4967344403266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4429894685745239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44251933693885803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18599908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196904","display_name":"Electronic publishing","level":3,"score":0.4193328022956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.40618622303009033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.37257254123687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.36474862694740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.34279343485832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3293089270591736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3225613832473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1735612154006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.0855688750743866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001319","descriptor_name":"Authorship","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001319","descriptor_name":"Authorship","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001319","descriptor_name":"Authorship","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003309","descriptor_name":"Copyright","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003309","descriptor_name":"Copyright","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003309","descriptor_name":"Copyright","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007255","descriptor_name":"Information Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007255","descriptor_name":"Information Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007255","descriptor_name":"Information Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009316","descriptor_name":"National Institutes of Health (U.S.)","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009316","descriptor_name":"National Institutes of Health (U.S.)","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009316","descriptor_name":"National Institutes of Health (U.S.)","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011643","descriptor_name":"Publishing","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011643","descriptor_name":"Publishing","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011643","descriptor_name":"Publishing","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011643","descriptor_name":"Publishing","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011643","descriptor_name":"Publishing","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011643","descriptor_name":"Publishing","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011643","descriptor_name":"Publishing","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011643","descriptor_name":"Publishing","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011643","descriptor_name":"Publishing","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017712","descriptor_name":"Peer Review, Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017712","descriptor_name":"Peer Review, Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017712","descriptor_name":"Peer Review, Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.2000.0070222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2000.0070222","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/7/3/222/2543108/7-3-222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10833158","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10833158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:164210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC61424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:61424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:61424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/61424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.2000.0070222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2000.0070222","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/7/3/222/2543108/7-3-222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2313809034.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2313809034.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493782322","https://openalex.org/W1508599645","https://openalex.org/W1538395697","https://openalex.org/W1548231894","https://openalex.org/W1621248638","https://openalex.org/W1810647205","https://openalex.org/W1993571538","https://openalex.org/W2018544547","https://openalex.org/W2020482860","https://openalex.org/W2061194044","https://openalex.org/W2062064138","https://openalex.org/W2078803444","https://openalex.org/W2088675207","https://openalex.org/W2108480806","https://openalex.org/W2140290824","https://openalex.org/W2915723434","https://openalex.org/W4255011957"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034429309","https://openalex.org/W4237533532","https://openalex.org/W2418907669","https://openalex.org/W2381066367","https://openalex.org/W2963110562","https://openalex.org/W2360824260","https://openalex.org/W2384486841","https://openalex.org/W2381765749","https://openalex.org/W2354149895","https://openalex.org/W2354089642"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biomedical":[0],"publishing":[1,65],"stands":[2],"at":[3],"a":[4,37,43],"crossroads.":[5],"The":[6],"traditional":[7],"print,":[8],"peer-reviewed,":[9],"subscription":[10],"journal":[11,27,91],"has":[12],"served":[13],"science":[14],"well":[15],"but":[16],"is":[17,42],"now":[18],"being":[19],"called":[20],"into":[21],"question.":[22],"Because":[23],"of":[24,33,73,79,88,106,110],"spiraling":[25],"print":[26],"costs":[28],"and":[29,51,59,67,114],"the":[30,34,57,63,70,85,89,97,104,107,118],"worldwide":[31],"acceptance":[32],"Internet":[35,98],"as":[36],"valid":[38],"publication":[39],"medium,":[40],"there":[41],"compelling":[44],"opportunity":[45],"to":[46,76,112,117],"re-examine":[47],"our":[48],"current":[49,64,90],"paradigm":[50],"future":[52],"options.":[53],"This":[54],"report":[55],"illustrates":[56],"conflicts":[58],"restrictions":[60],"inherent":[61],"in":[62],"model":[66],"examines":[68],"how":[69],"single":[71],"act":[72],"permitting":[74],"authors":[75],"retain":[77],"copyright":[78],"their":[80],"scholarly":[81],"manuscripts":[82],"may":[83],"preserve":[84],"quality-control":[86],"function":[87],"system":[92,100],"while":[93],"allowing":[94],"PubMed":[95],"Central,":[96],"archiving":[99],"recently":[101],"proposed":[102],"by":[103],"director":[105],"National":[108],"Institutes":[109],"Health,":[111],"simplify":[113],"liberate":[115],"access":[116],"world's":[119],"biomedical":[120],"literature.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
