{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2126742636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1999.0060478","title":"Organization of Heterogeneous Scientific Data Using the EAV/CR Representation","display_name":"Organization of Heterogeneous Scientific Data Using the EAV/CR Representation","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2126742636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1999.0060478","mag":"2126742636","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10579606"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1999.0060478","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1999.0060478","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/6/6/478/2339676/6-6-478.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/6/6/478/2339676/6-6-478.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047912463","display_name":"P. Nadkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-8258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. M. Nadkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Medical Informatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8009, USA. Prakash.Nadkarni@yale.edu","Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Medical Informatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8009, USA. Prakash.Nadkarni@yale.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072064820","display_name":"Luis Marenco","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Marenco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029900952","display_name":"Runsheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6049-8347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073996875","display_name":"Emmanouil Skoufos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Skoufos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107002298","display_name":"Gordon M. Shepherd","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Shepherd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028341826","display_name":"Perry L. Miller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliation of the authors: Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047912463"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5945,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":211,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90153962,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"6","first_page":"478","last_page":"493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6620892882347107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6364676356315613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schema","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","score":0.5952083468437195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4132997691631317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32792091369628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3265054225921631}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6620892882347107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6364676356315613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52146309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431116","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","level":2,"score":0.5952083468437195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4132997691631317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32792091369628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3265054225921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003628","descriptor_name":"Database Management Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003628","descriptor_name":"Database Management Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003628","descriptor_name":"Database Management Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012903","descriptor_name":"Smell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012903","descriptor_name":"Smell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012903","descriptor_name":"Smell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016239","descriptor_name":"MEDLINE","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016239","descriptor_name":"MEDLINE","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016239","descriptor_name":"MEDLINE","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1999.0060478","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1999.0060478","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/6/6/478/2339676/6-6-478.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10579606","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10579606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.328.4311","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.328.4311","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://jamia.bmj.com/content/6/6/478.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:61391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:61391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/61391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1999.0060478","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1999.0060478","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/6/6/478/2339676/6-6-478.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0060t0j89"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2126742636.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2126742636.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116577868","https://openalex.org/W199093935","https://openalex.org/W1495046469","https://openalex.org/W1501530873","https://openalex.org/W1505413869","https://openalex.org/W1523774029","https://openalex.org/W1544286821","https://openalex.org/W1584754980","https://openalex.org/W1833785989","https://openalex.org/W1839177402","https://openalex.org/W1973903027","https://openalex.org/W1979362948","https://openalex.org/W1988781412","https://openalex.org/W1998017916","https://openalex.org/W2002970802","https://openalex.org/W2030315716","https://openalex.org/W2047991803","https://openalex.org/W2060449205","https://openalex.org/W2097526201","https://openalex.org/W2097601626","https://openalex.org/W2108971776","https://openalex.org/W2118577850","https://openalex.org/W2122410182","https://openalex.org/W2131312439","https://openalex.org/W2138709157","https://openalex.org/W2152480209","https://openalex.org/W2154646200","https://openalex.org/W2162621793","https://openalex.org/W2216590180","https://openalex.org/W2246616378","https://openalex.org/W2394786800","https://openalex.org/W4238391351"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585007175","https://openalex.org/W2382521049","https://openalex.org/W2144385241","https://openalex.org/W4300101996","https://openalex.org/W4253593777","https://openalex.org/W2951497643","https://openalex.org/W3101625811","https://openalex.org/W2165950148","https://openalex.org/W3121712119","https://openalex.org/W2338854850"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Entity-attribute-value":[0],"(EAV)":[1],"representation":[2,19,79,121],"is":[3,20],"a":[4,12],"means":[5],"of":[6,32,89,106],"organizing":[7],"highly":[8],"heterogeneous":[9],"data":[10,33],"using":[11],"relatively":[13],"simple":[14],"physical":[15],"database":[16],"schema.":[17],"EAV":[18,78,109],"widely":[21],"used":[22],"in":[23,29,45,49,66],"the":[24,30,76,87,107],"medical":[25],"domain,":[26],"most":[27],"notably":[28],"storage":[31],"related":[34],"to":[35,62,81,85,96,103],"clinical":[36],"patient":[37],"records.":[38],"Its":[39],"potential":[40],"strengths":[41],"suggest":[42],"its":[43],"use":[44,129],"other":[46],"biomedical":[47,126],"areas,":[48],"particular":[50],"research":[51],"databases":[52,127],"whose":[53],"schemas":[54],"are":[55],"complex":[56,90],"as":[57,59,93,95,111],"well":[58,94],"constantly":[60],"changing":[61],"reflect":[63],"evolving":[64],"knowledge":[65],"rapidly":[67],"advancing":[68],"scientific":[69],"domains.":[70],"When":[71],"deployed":[72],"for":[73],"such":[74],"purposes,":[75],"basic":[77,108],"needs":[80],"be":[82],"augmented":[83],"significantly":[84],"handle":[86],"modeling":[88],"objects":[91],"(classes)":[92],"manage":[97],"interobject":[98],"relationships.":[99],"The":[100],"authors":[101],"refer":[102],"their":[104],"modification":[105],"paradigm":[110],"EAV/CR":[112,120],"(EAV":[113],"with":[114,122],"classes":[115],"and":[116],"relationships).":[117],"They":[118],"describe":[119],"examples":[123],"from":[124],"two":[125],"that":[128],"it.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
