{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2267414085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1998.0050404","title":"Directions for Clinical Research and Genomic Research into the Next Decade: Implications for Informatics","display_name":"Directions for Clinical Research and Genomic Research into the Next Decade: Implications for Informatics","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2267414085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1998.0050404","mag":"2267414085","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9760387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1998.0050404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1998.0050404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/61320","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067236230","display_name":"Thomas C. Rindfleisch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6362-9664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. C. Rindfleisch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305-5123, USA. tcr@stanford.edu"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305-5123, USA. tcr@stanford.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004","https://openalex.org/I4210137306"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091769486","display_name":"Douglas L. Brutlag","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. L. Brutlag","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067236230"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88390981,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"5","first_page":"404","last_page":"411"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13937","display_name":"Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research","score":0.965499997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11937","display_name":"Research Data Management Practices","score":0.9591000080108643,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.7157655954360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informatics","display_name":"Informatics","score":0.6190283298492432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5915873050689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5392201542854309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5353050827980042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.531940758228302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-administration-informatics","display_name":"Health Administration Informatics","score":0.5309562087059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46666258573532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-research","display_name":"Medical research","score":0.4298918843269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4259246587753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.410499632358551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.258253276348114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15736421942710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.15145614743232727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.7157655954360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191630685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027615","display_name":"Informatics","level":2,"score":0.6190283298492432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5915873050689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5392201542854309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5353050827980042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.531940758228302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141363852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690441","display_name":"Health Administration Informatics","level":4,"score":0.5309562087059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46666258573532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106977388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2752427","display_name":"Medical research","level":2,"score":0.4298918843269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4259246587753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.410499632358551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.258253276348114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15736421942710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15145614743232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005544","descriptor_name":"Forecasting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005544","descriptor_name":"Forecasting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005544","descriptor_name":"Forecasting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008491","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008491","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008491","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016045","descriptor_name":"Human Genome Project","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016045","descriptor_name":"Human Genome Project","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016045","descriptor_name":"Human Genome Project","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1998.0050404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1998.0050404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9760387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9760387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:164197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC61320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:61320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/61320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/533890","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10822/533890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"193341","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:61320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/61320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1262131959","https://openalex.org/W1526365333","https://openalex.org/W1591485000","https://openalex.org/W1600806036","https://openalex.org/W1966508667","https://openalex.org/W1975496922","https://openalex.org/W1977211426","https://openalex.org/W1988289406","https://openalex.org/W1990139422","https://openalex.org/W1998647237","https://openalex.org/W2026957062","https://openalex.org/W2051490312","https://openalex.org/W2071078087","https://openalex.org/W2088973497","https://openalex.org/W2092778568","https://openalex.org/W2095985410","https://openalex.org/W2126018515","https://openalex.org/W2137045431","https://openalex.org/W2137905641","https://openalex.org/W2143998727","https://openalex.org/W4213208922","https://openalex.org/W4213387399"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2912859950","https://openalex.org/W1495820741","https://openalex.org/W2914293784","https://openalex.org/W4323056170","https://openalex.org/W2990177913","https://openalex.org/W4302329558","https://openalex.org/W1971571384","https://openalex.org/W2126732312","https://openalex.org/W2229314870","https://openalex.org/W2401910071"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Medical":[0],"informatics":[1,20,124],"is":[2,38],"defined":[3],"largely":[4],"by":[5],"its":[6],"host":[7],"disciplines":[8],"in":[9,50,151],"clinical":[10,74],"and":[11,14,69,73,90,107,139,144,153],"biological":[12],"medicine,":[13],"to":[15,64,93],"project":[16],"the":[17,22,25,30,51,56,70,86,98,120,127,135],"agenda":[18,122],"for":[19,58,104,123],"into":[21,45],"next":[23],"decade,":[24],"health":[26,53,66],"community":[27,102],"must":[28,125],"envision":[29],"broad":[31],"context":[32],"of":[33,41,76,81,88,100,111,129,141],"biomedical":[34],"research.":[35,78],"This":[36],"paper":[37],"a":[39],"sketch":[40],"this":[42,112],"vision,":[43],"taking":[44],"account":[46],"pressures":[47],"from":[48,148],"changes":[49],"U.S.":[52],"care":[54,67],"system,":[55],"need":[57],"more":[59],"objective":[60],"information":[61,105,143],"on":[62],"which":[63],"base":[65],"decisions,":[68],"accelerating":[71],"progress":[72,96],"impact":[75],"genomics":[77,83],"The":[79],"lessons":[80],"modern":[82],"research":[84],"demonstrate":[85],"power":[87],"computing":[89],"communication":[91],"tools":[92],"facilitate":[94,134],"rapid":[95],"through":[97],"adoption":[99],"open":[101],"standards":[103],"exchange":[106],"collaboration.":[108],"While":[109],"aspects":[110],"vision":[113],"are":[114],"speculative,":[115],"it":[116],"seems":[117],"clear":[118],"that":[119,132],"core":[121],"be":[126],"development":[128],"interoperating":[130],"systems":[131],"can":[133,145],"secure":[136],"gathering,":[137],"interchange,":[138],"analysis":[140],"high-quality":[142],"gain":[146],"leverage":[147],"worldwide":[149],"collaboration":[150],"advancing":[152],"applying":[154],"new":[155],"medical":[156],"knowledge.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
