{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169580793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1997.0040254","title":"Call for a Standard Clinical Vocabulary","display_name":"Call for a Standard Clinical Vocabulary","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169580793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1997.0040254","mag":"2169580793","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9147345"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1997.0040254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1997.0040254","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/4/3/254/2481737/4-3-254.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/4/3/254/2481737/4-3-254.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006026433","display_name":"W. Ed Hammond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2395-7676"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W. E. Hammond","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006026433"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68166926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"254","last_page":"255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12790","display_name":"Nursing Diagnosis and Documentation","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2910","display_name":"Issues, ethics and legal aspects"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.8936115503311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7255051136016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6176605820655823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controlled-vocabulary","display_name":"Controlled vocabulary","score":0.6056270599365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negotiation","display_name":"Negotiation","score":0.5332505106925964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.48342955112457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.47838273644447327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.4336369037628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reimbursement","display_name":"Reimbursement","score":0.43070054054260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4153033494949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.40049082040786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.344492107629776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2938337028026581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.16580510139465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing","display_name":"Nursing","score":0.14393413066864014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.13774368166923523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.09155890345573425}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.8936115503311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7255051136016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6176605820655823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110615152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469824","display_name":"Controlled vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.6056270599365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199776023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202875","display_name":"Negotiation","level":2,"score":0.5332505106925964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.48342955112457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.47838273644447327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.4336369037628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779703844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760125","display_name":"Reimbursement","level":3,"score":0.43070054054260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4153033494949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.40049082040786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.344492107629776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2938337028026581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16580510139465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.14393413066864014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.13774368166923523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.09155890345573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016347","descriptor_name":"Medical Records Systems, Computerized","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016347","descriptor_name":"Medical Records Systems, Computerized","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016347","descriptor_name":"Medical Records Systems, Computerized","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1997.0040254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1997.0040254","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/4/3/254/2481737/4-3-254.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9147345","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9147345","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:164147","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC61241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:61241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:61241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/61241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1997.0040254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1997.0040254","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/4/3/254/2481737/4-3-254.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2169580793.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2169580793.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120429076","https://openalex.org/W3026755508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350593162","https://openalex.org/W2390350206","https://openalex.org/W1969477129","https://openalex.org/W2921208823","https://openalex.org/W4323777127","https://openalex.org/W2342779107","https://openalex.org/W1989811317","https://openalex.org/W2202497494","https://openalex.org/W3202867831","https://openalex.org/W1597990569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,140],"medical":[1],"informatics":[2],"community\u2014vendors":[3],"and":[4,22,29,52,61,86,95],"users\u2014have":[5],"been":[6,101],"seeking":[7],"a":[8,33],"common,":[9],"comprehensive":[10],"clinical":[11,81,167,184],"vocabulary":[12,34,51,69,97,112],"for":[13,19,89,116,183],"the":[14,27,38,59,68,73,149,181],"past":[15],"decade.":[16],"New":[17],"models":[18],"health":[20],"care":[21],"new":[23],"reporting":[24,88,136],"requirements":[25,182],"increase":[26],"necessity":[28],"desirability":[30],"of":[31,37,131,148,163],"such":[32],"set.":[35],"Much":[36],"negotiation":[39],"time":[40],"between":[41],"systems":[42],"interested":[43],"in":[44,145,153,165],"exchanging":[45],"data":[46,87,185],"is":[47,57,64],"related":[48],"to":[49,66,125,134,155,179],"matching":[50],"code":[53],"sets.":[54],"Unfortunately,":[55],"that":[56,174,190],"only":[58],"beginning":[60],"on-going":[62],"work":[63,99],"required":[65],"keep":[67],"sets":[70,113,133,159,164],"synchronized.":[71],"At":[72],"same":[74],"time,":[75],"increased":[76],"emphases":[77],"on":[78,103],"decision":[79],"support,":[80],"guidelines,":[82],"integrated":[83],"delivery":[84],"systems,":[85],"performance":[90],"evaluation":[91],"require":[92],"more":[93,109],"precise":[94],"understandable":[96],"terms.\n\nMuch":[98],"has":[100],"done":[102],"creating":[104],"controlled":[105,192],"vocabularies.":[106],"There":[107],"are":[108,123,177,187],"than":[110],"100":[111],"defined":[114],"internationally":[115],"some":[117],"purpose.":[118],"In":[119],"this":[120,146],"country,":[121],"institutions":[122],"forced":[124],"deal":[126],"with":[127],"at":[128],"least":[129],"5\u201310":[130],"these":[132],"meet":[135,180],"or":[137,160],"reimbursement":[138],"requirements.":[139],"two":[141],"vocabulary-related":[142],"papers":[143,170],"published":[144],"issue":[147],"journal1,2":[150],"highlight":[151],"problems":[152],"trying":[154],"use":[156],"existing":[157,175,191],"controlled-vocabulary":[158],"even":[161],"combinations":[162],"representing":[166],"data.":[168],"Both":[169],"make":[171],"it":[172],"clear":[173],"controlled-vocabularies":[176],"unable":[178],"representation.\n\nThere":[186],"many":[188],"reasons":[189],"vocabularies":[193],"do":[194],"not":[195],"\u2026":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}