{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104872759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1996.96342651","title":"A Temporal Analysis of QMR","display_name":"A Temporal Analysis of QMR","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104872759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1996.96342651","mag":"2104872759","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8750392"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1996.96342651","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1996.96342651","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/3/1/79/2562195/3-1-79.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/3/1/79/2562195/3-1-79.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113735333","display_name":"Constantin Aliferis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135907","display_name":"University HealthSystem Consortium","ror":"https://ror.org/03j42gp22","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. F. Aliferis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Medical Informatics, B50A Lothrop Hall, 190 Lothrop Street, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. cons@alpha.smi.med.pitt.edu","Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Medical Informatics, B50A Lothrop Hall, 190 Lothrop Street, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. cons@alpha.smi.med.pitt.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039985406","display_name":"Gregory F. Cooper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9276-773X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135907","display_name":"University HealthSystem Consortium","ror":"https://ror.org/03j42gp22","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. F. Cooper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069987722","display_name":"Randolph A. Miller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135907","display_name":"University HealthSystem Consortium","ror":"https://ror.org/03j42gp22","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. A. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019046199","display_name":"B. G. Buchanan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135907","display_name":"University HealthSystem Consortium","ror":"https://ror.org/03j42gp22","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. G. Buchanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015701333","display_name":"Richard Bankowitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135907","display_name":"University HealthSystem Consortium","ror":"https://ror.org/03j42gp22","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Bankowitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012024266","display_name":"Nunzia Bettinsoli Giuse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-9803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135907","display_name":"University HealthSystem Consortium","ror":"https://ror.org/03j42gp22","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Giuse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Informatics Center (RAM, NG), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the University Hospital Consortium (RB), Oak Brook, IL. At the time of the study, Drs. Miller and Giuse were at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210135907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliations of the authors: Section of Medical Informatics and the Intelligent Systems Program (CFA, GFC), and the Department of Computer Science (BGB), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113735333"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I4210135907"],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5763,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84097035,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"79","last_page":"91"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12574","display_name":"Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills","score":0.6890000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12574","display_name":"Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills","score":0.6890000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.05990000069141388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11642","display_name":"Genomics and Rare Diseases","score":0.03189999982714653,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5117806792259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33655846118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32836538553237915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5117806792259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33655846118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32836538553237915}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003936","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003936","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003936","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003951","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Errors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003951","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Errors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003951","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Errors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007388","descriptor_name":"Internal Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007388","descriptor_name":"Internal Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007388","descriptor_name":"Internal Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010414","descriptor_name":"Pennsylvania","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010414","descriptor_name":"Pennsylvania","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010414","descriptor_name":"Pennsylvania","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015999","descriptor_name":"Multivariate Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015999","descriptor_name":"Multivariate Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015999","descriptor_name":"Multivariate Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016017","descriptor_name":"Odds Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016017","descriptor_name":"Odds Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016017","descriptor_name":"Odds Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1996.96342651","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1996.96342651","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/3/1/79/2562195/3-1-79.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8750392","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8750392","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.889.7861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.889.7861","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://jamia.oxfordjournals.org/content/jaminfo/3/1/79.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:215404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC116289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:215404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/116289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:116289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jamia.1996.96342651","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1996.96342651","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/3/1/79/2562195/3-1-79.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2104872759.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2104872759.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101452087","https://openalex.org/W128448889","https://openalex.org/W167073214","https://openalex.org/W585357569","https://openalex.org/W1486007935","https://openalex.org/W1493214751","https://openalex.org/W1575737483","https://openalex.org/W1602357614","https://openalex.org/W1734262356","https://openalex.org/W1973504927","https://openalex.org/W1977563779","https://openalex.org/W1992063974","https://openalex.org/W2003330768","https://openalex.org/W2005678616","https://openalex.org/W2008906462","https://openalex.org/W2011312449","https://openalex.org/W2052911773","https://openalex.org/W2066382523","https://openalex.org/W2066670270","https://openalex.org/W2074706689","https://openalex.org/W2074976388","https://openalex.org/W2076983043","https://openalex.org/W2145776488","https://openalex.org/W2180456856","https://openalex.org/W2262461801","https://openalex.org/W2281651263","https://openalex.org/W2311034965","https://openalex.org/W2339530503","https://openalex.org/W4236354166","https://openalex.org/W4236554388","https://openalex.org/W4245062343","https://openalex.org/W6634351458"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"understand":[2],"better":[3],"the":[4,20,27,50,65,75,97,101,105,133,178,191,223,226,253,256,262],"trade-offs":[5],"of":[6,22,29,49,67,78,91,100,127,154,210,259,265],"not":[7,235,268],"incorporating":[8],"explicit":[9],"time":[10,112,248,260],"in":[11,19,40,54,195,197,216,261],"Quick":[12],"Medical":[13],"Reference":[14],"(QMR),":[15],"a":[16,46,60,205,213,270],"diagnostic":[17,33,76,149,271],"system":[18],"domain":[21],"general":[23],"internal":[24],"medicine,":[25],"along":[26],"dimensions":[28],"expressive":[30],"power":[31],"and":[32,69,117,123,143,162,204],"accuracy.":[34],"DESIGN:":[35],"The":[36,119,172,188,208],"study":[37],"was":[38,45,59],"conducted":[39],"two":[41],"phases.":[42],"Phase":[43,57],"I":[44],"descriptive":[47],"analysis":[48],"temporal":[51,72,92,98,110,114,141,186,192,199,202,206,218,227],"abstractions":[52,193],"incorporated":[53],"QMR's":[55,211],"terms.":[56],"II":[58],"pseudo-prospective":[61],"controlled":[62],"experiment,":[63],"measuring":[64],"effect":[66],"history":[68],"physical":[70,121],"examination":[71],"content":[73,142],"on":[74],"accuracy":[77,150],"QMR.":[79],"MEASUREMENTS:":[80],"For":[81],"each":[82],"QMR":[83,182,196,244,266],"finding":[84,102],"that":[85,145,255],"would":[86],"fit":[87],"our":[88],"operational":[89],"definition":[90],"finding,":[93],"several":[94],"parameters":[95],"describing":[96,177],"nature":[99],"were":[103,138,168],"assessed,":[104],"most":[106],"important":[107],"ones":[108],"being:":[109],"primitives,":[111],"units,":[113],"uncertainty,":[115,159],"processes,":[116],"patterns.":[118],"history,":[120],"examination,":[122],"initial":[124],"laboratory":[125],"results":[126,251],"105":[128],"consecutive":[129],"patients":[130],"admitted":[131],"to":[132,184],"Pittsburgh":[134],"University":[135],"Presbyterian":[136],"Hospital":[137],"analyzed":[139],"for":[140],"factors":[144],"could":[146],"potentially":[147],"influence":[148],"(these":[151],"included:":[152],"rareness":[153],"primary":[155],"diagnosis,":[156],"case":[157],"length,":[158],"spatial/causal":[160],"information,":[161],"multiple":[163],"diseases).":[164],"RESULTS:":[165],"776":[166],"findings":[167],"identified":[169],"as":[170],"temporal.":[171],"authors":[173,189],"developed":[174],"an":[175],"ontology":[176],"terms":[179],"utilized":[180],"by":[181],"developers":[183],"express":[185],"knowledge.":[187],"classified":[190],"found":[194],"116":[198],"types,":[200],"11":[201],"templates,":[203],"hierarchy.":[207],"odds":[209,224],"making":[212],"correct":[214],"diagnosis":[215],"high":[217],"complexity":[219,228],"cases":[220],"is":[221,229,234],"0.7":[222],"when":[225],"lower,":[230],"but":[231],"this":[232],"result":[233],"statistically":[236],"significant":[237],"(95%":[238],"confidence":[239],"interval":[240],"=":[241],"0.27-1.83).":[242],"CONCLUSIONS:":[243],"contains":[245],"extensive":[246],"implicit":[247],"modeling.":[249],"These":[250],"support":[252],"conclusion":[254],"abstracted":[257],"encoding":[258],"medical":[263],"knowledge":[264],"does":[267],"induce":[269],"performance":[272],"penalty.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}