{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109225115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002315","title":"Biomedical imaging informatics in the era of precision medicine: progress, challenges, and opportunities","display_name":"Biomedical imaging informatics in the era of precision medicine: progress, challenges, and opportunities","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109225115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002315","mag":"2109225115","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24114330"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002315","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3822124","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016291944","display_name":"William Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5168-070X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Imaging Informatics (MII) Group, Department of Radiological Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Imaging Informatics (MII) Group, Department of Radiological Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062714971","display_name":"Mia K. Markey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8186-4959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343551460","display_name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04twxam07","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mia K Markey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA","UT Biomedical Informatics Lab (UT BMIL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UT Biomedical Informatics Lab (UT BMIL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030096887","display_name":"May D. Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-3608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"May D Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Hematology and Oncology, and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA","The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Parker H Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, and Institute for People and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","The Wallace H Coulter Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Parker H Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, and Institute for People and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Wallace H Coulter Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7128,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96310863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"6","first_page":"1010","last_page":"1013"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11361","display_name":"Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.6597151756286621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informatics","display_name":"Informatics","score":0.6529006361961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.6026018261909485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.5841432809829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-medicine","display_name":"Precision medicine","score":0.5840387940406799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5451357960700989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.5066612362861633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imaging-science","display_name":"Imaging science","score":0.4689571261405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4578205347061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-informatics","display_name":"Engineering informatics","score":0.440633088350296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translational-research-informatics","display_name":"Translational research informatics","score":0.4309402406215668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.41993969678878784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.31784218549728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27903085947036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.17690354585647583}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.6597151756286621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191630685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027615","display_name":"Informatics","level":2,"score":0.6529006361961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.6026018261909485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.5841432809829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163763905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17075943","display_name":"Precision medicine","level":2,"score":0.5840387940406799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5451357960700989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.5066612362861633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57177791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038886","display_name":"Imaging science","level":2,"score":0.4689571261405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4578205347061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158518442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2843902","display_name":"Engineering informatics","level":4,"score":0.440633088350296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73851307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834546","display_name":"Translational research informatics","level":5,"score":0.4309402406215668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.41993969678878784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.31784218549728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27903085947036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.17690354585647583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003952","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003952","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003952","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002315","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2013-002315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24114330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24114330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3822124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3822124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3822124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3822124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W224483403","https://openalex.org/W1505620647","https://openalex.org/W1537832901","https://openalex.org/W1986703093","https://openalex.org/W1999044391","https://openalex.org/W2035932299","https://openalex.org/W2040196024","https://openalex.org/W2045520501","https://openalex.org/W2048262487","https://openalex.org/W2052271957","https://openalex.org/W2068698433","https://openalex.org/W2095868657","https://openalex.org/W2098812986","https://openalex.org/W2102104763","https://openalex.org/W2104501205","https://openalex.org/W2105739910","https://openalex.org/W2106366262","https://openalex.org/W2113180829","https://openalex.org/W2116050529","https://openalex.org/W2125782610","https://openalex.org/W2128739912","https://openalex.org/W2129713125","https://openalex.org/W2131378922","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2139765549","https://openalex.org/W2154464400","https://openalex.org/W2154813452","https://openalex.org/W2156238953","https://openalex.org/W2166891127","https://openalex.org/W2168515720","https://openalex.org/W2177026699","https://openalex.org/W2186176304","https://openalex.org/W4234195983","https://openalex.org/W4241633038","https://openalex.org/W4243711164"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2487065990","https://openalex.org/W4307723010","https://openalex.org/W2124799233","https://openalex.org/W2134049405","https://openalex.org/W2113232282","https://openalex.org/W1955170615","https://openalex.org/W122786609","https://openalex.org/W1512094175","https://openalex.org/W1573344485","https://openalex.org/W1977854359"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biomedical":[0],"informatics":[1,113,287],"is":[2,89],"the":[3,10,48,75,90,98,118,122,132,141,192,198,214,234,237,291],"interdisciplinary":[4],"field":[5,88],"that":[6,177,218],"studies":[7],"and":[8,17,24,41,45,51,63,94,100,150,153,186,213,246,255,262,269,284],"pursues":[9],"effective":[11],"uses":[12],"of":[13,53,92,102,108,117,124,131,143,175,195,201,216,276,293,312,319],"biomedical":[14,38,54,109,111],"data,":[15,55],"information,":[16],"knowledge":[18],"for":[19,47],"scientific":[20],"inquiry,":[21],"problem":[22],"solving,":[23],"decision":[25],"making,":[26],"motivated":[27],"by":[28,164],"efforts":[29,165,227,288],"to":[30,61,70,166,209,233,253,260,298],"improve":[31],"human":[32],"health.1":[33],",2":[34],"Not":[35],"only":[36],"do":[37],"informaticians":[39],"study":[40],"develop":[42],"theories,":[43],"methods,":[44],"processes":[46],"generation,":[49],"manipulation,":[50],"sharing":[52],"but":[56],"they":[57],"also":[58,161],"investigate":[59],"how":[60],"model":[62],"reason":[64],"on":[65,220],"these":[66],"data":[67],"in":[68,74,86,97,137,145,155,180,207,228,239,290],"order":[69],"effect":[71],"beneficial":[72],"change":[73],"healthcare":[76],"enterprise.":[77],"In":[78],"addition,":[79],"an":[80],"important":[81],"aspect":[82],"associated":[83],"with":[84],"developments":[85],"this":[87],"consideration":[91],"social":[93],"behavioral":[95],"sciences":[96],"design":[99],"evaluation":[101],"technical":[103],"solutions.":[104],"As":[105],"a":[106,172,249,274],"subfield":[107],"informatics,":[110],"imaging":[112,152,156,202,221,241],"(BMII)":[114],"encompasses":[115],"all":[116],"aforementioned":[119],"aspects":[120],"from":[121],"perspective":[123],"imaging.":[125],"BMII":[126,229],"has":[127],"emerged":[128],"as":[129,183,244],"one":[130],"fastest":[133],"growing":[134,193],"research":[135],"areas":[136,181],"recent":[138],"years":[139],"given":[140],"evolution":[142],"techniques":[144,242],"molecular":[146],"imaging,":[147,149],"anatomical":[148],"functional":[151],"advancements":[154],"biomarker":[157],"generation.":[158],"Developments":[159],"have":[160],"been":[162],"accelerated":[163],"realize":[167],"precision":[168],"medicine,3":[169],"which":[170],"necessitates":[171],"multiscale":[173],"understanding":[174],"diseases":[176],"integrate":[178],"insights":[179],"such":[182,243],"radiology,":[184],"pathology,":[185,225],"genetics.":[187],"This":[188],"focus":[189],"issue":[190],"highlights":[191],"impact":[194],"BMII,":[196],"demonstrating":[197],"increasing":[199],"breadth":[200],"modalities":[203],"(eg,":[204,223],"optical,":[205],"molecular,":[206],"addition":[208],"traditional":[210],"diagnostic":[211],"modalities)":[212],"diversity":[215],"specialties":[217],"depend":[219],"information":[222],"dermatology,":[224],"surgery).\n\nEarly":[226],"can":[230],"be":[231],"traced":[232],"1980s":[235],"when":[236],"rise":[238],"radiological":[240,281],"CT":[245],"MRI":[247],"necessitated":[248],"digital,":[250],"filmless":[251],"approach":[252],"acquiring":[254],"interpreting":[256],"images.":[257],"The":[258],"ability":[259],"acquire":[261],"distribute":[263],"images":[264],"electronically":[265],"using":[266],"picture":[267],"archiving":[268],"communication":[270],"systems":[271],"(PACS)":[272],"spawned":[273],"variety":[275],"applications":[277],"aimed":[278],"at":[279],"improving":[280],"practice,":[282],"research,":[283],"education.":[285],"Imaging":[286,307],"resulted":[289],"development":[292],"specialized":[294],"standardized":[295],"\u2026":[296],"\n\nCorrespondence":[297],"Dr":[303],"William":[304],"Hsu,":[305],"Medical":[306],"Informatics":[308],"(MII)":[309],"Group,":[310],"Department":[311],"Radiological":[313],"Sciences,":[314],"UCLA":[315],"David":[316],"Geffen":[317],"School":[318],"Medicine,":[320],"Los":[321],"Angeles,":[322],"CA":[323],"90024,":[324],"USA;":[325],"willhsu{at}mii.ucla.edu":[326]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}