{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378190311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0361768823030076","title":"Using Multilevel Hash Tables to Speed up Rendering","display_name":"Using Multilevel Hash Tables to Speed up Rendering","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378190311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0361768823030076"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1134/s0361768823030076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0361768823030076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S150218641","display_name":"Programming and Computer Software","issn_l":"0361-7688","issn":["0361-7688","1608-3261"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Programming and Computer Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084227909","display_name":"Dmitry Zhdanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7346-8155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. D. Zhdanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092015982","display_name":"Anatoly Lysykh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-5275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. I. Lysykh","raw_affiliation_strings":["St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015622135","display_name":"R. R. Khalimov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1923-4360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. R. Khalimov","raw_affiliation_strings":["St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042524795","display_name":"Igor Kinev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2929-1203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. E. Kinev","raw_affiliation_strings":["St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048013094","display_name":"Andrey Zhdanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2569-1982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173089394","display_name":"ITMO University","ror":"https://ror.org/04txgxn49","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. D. Zhdanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskii pr. 49, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084227909"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173089394"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04651017,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"3","first_page":"161","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6128313541412354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.561540961265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-table","display_name":"Hash table","score":0.5251436233520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.4942796230316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.45354241132736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3312695324420929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11595678329467773}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6128313541412354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.561540961265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67388219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207440","display_name":"Hash table","level":3,"score":0.5251436233520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.4942796230316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.45354241132736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3312695324420929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11595678329467773}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1134/s0361768823030076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0361768823030076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S150218641","display_name":"Programming and Computer Software","issn_l":"0361-7688","issn":["0361-7688","1608-3261"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Programming and Computer Software","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966671941","https://openalex.org/W1986743298","https://openalex.org/W1991686106","https://openalex.org/W1999250663","https://openalex.org/W2008693968","https://openalex.org/W2050163675","https://openalex.org/W2081371124","https://openalex.org/W2092276439","https://openalex.org/W2103185791","https://openalex.org/W2104814486","https://openalex.org/W2123703543","https://openalex.org/W2130776059","https://openalex.org/W2139317493","https://openalex.org/W2155085157","https://openalex.org/W2545201814","https://openalex.org/W2609525154","https://openalex.org/W3042928929","https://openalex.org/W3116556529","https://openalex.org/W3162015991","https://openalex.org/W3166484396","https://openalex.org/W4312710478"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W291250033","https://openalex.org/W2008385118","https://openalex.org/W2035757446","https://openalex.org/W880955280","https://openalex.org/W2106647072","https://openalex.org/W4246858109","https://openalex.org/W54172855","https://openalex.org/W2170209930","https://openalex.org/W2046782623","https://openalex.org/W4205838854"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,44,153],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,26,86,183,242],"analyze":[4],"realistic":[5,24],"rendering":[6,316],"methods":[7,244,262],"in":[8,13,205,211,281],"terms":[9],"of":[10,43,70,107,119,137,140,148,168,171,196,208,217,226,231,253,314],"their":[11,76],"efficiency":[12,42],"calculating":[14],"caustic":[15],"and":[16,78,92,143,235,271],"indirect":[17],"illumination.":[18],"As":[19,82],"the":[20,41,52,83,88,138,141,144,149,155,161,166,193,197,206,215,218,238,247,250,256,265,282,289,295,300,311,315],"basic":[21],"approach":[22],"to":[23,62,101,126,186,201,213],"rendering,":[25],"choose":[27],"bidirectional":[28],"progressive":[29],"ray":[30,269],"tracing":[31],"with":[32,294],"backward":[33],"photon":[34,63,102,108,120,127,173,272],"maps.":[35],"The":[36,95,111,275,303],"main":[37,53,84],"factors":[38],"that":[39,51,55,134,306],"reduce":[40,180,214],"method":[45,291,297,308],"are":[46,74,80,279],"analyzed.":[47],"It":[48],"is":[49,59,113,158,292],"shown":[50],"factor":[54],"affects":[56],"its":[57],"performance":[58],"slow":[60,124],"access":[61,100,125,147],"map":[64,109,121],"data.":[65,128],"Different":[66],"techniques":[67],"for":[68,245,263,286],"construction":[69],"spatial":[71,90,96,117,150,189,203,223,239],"acceleration":[72,219,224],"structures":[73],"considered,":[75],"advantages":[77],"disadvantages":[79],"investigated.":[81],"approaches,":[85],"select":[87],"regular":[89,156],"grid":[91,97,157],"binary":[93,301],"kd-tree.":[94],"provides":[98],"high-speed":[99],"data":[103,146],"at":[104],"low":[105],"adaptability":[106,118,139],"partitioning.":[110],"kd-tree":[112,142,162,198],"characterized":[114],"by":[115,318],"high":[116],"partitioning":[122,170],"but":[123],"We":[129],"propose":[130],"a":[131,172,222,227,268],"combined":[132],"solution":[133],"takes":[135],"advantage":[136],"fast":[145],"grid.":[151],"For":[152,237],"purpose,":[154],"superimposed":[159,191],"on":[160,165,192,299],"constructed":[163],"based":[164,298],"principle":[167],"space":[169],"region":[174],"into":[175],"geometrically":[176],"identical":[177],"halves.":[178],"To":[179],"memory":[181],"consumption,":[182],"propose,":[184],"first,":[185],"use":[187],"multilevel":[188],"grids":[190,204],"selected":[194],"nodes":[195],"and,":[199],"second,":[200],"store":[202],"form":[207],"hash":[209,232],"tables":[210],"order":[212],"size":[216],"structure.":[220],"Thus,":[221],"structure":[225,240],"new":[228],"type\u2014a":[229],"tree":[230],"tables\u2014is":[233],"proposed":[234,276,290],"implemented.":[236],"developed,":[241],"implement":[243],"finding":[246,264],"nearest":[248],"photons":[249],"integration":[251,273],"spheres":[252],"which":[254],"cover":[255],"illumination":[257],"point,":[258],"as":[259,261],"well":[260],"intersection":[266],"between":[267],"segment":[270],"spheres.":[274],"software":[277,284],"solutions":[278],"implemented":[280],"Lumicept":[283,296],"package;":[285],"some":[287],"scenes,":[288],"compared":[293],"tree.":[302],"comparison":[304],"shows":[305],"our":[307],"can":[309],"increase":[310],"overall":[312],"speed":[313],"process":[317],"more":[319],"than":[320],"40%.":[321]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
