{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921217948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2522954","title":"Hierarchical OCR for printed Tamil text","display_name":"Hierarchical OCR for printed Tamil text","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921217948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2522954","mag":"2921217948"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2522954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2522954","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eleventh International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2018)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024711778","display_name":"Aarif Noordeen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I916357946","display_name":"Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/054psm803","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aarif Noordeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["SSN College of Engineering (India)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SSN College of Engineering (India)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104001314","display_name":"Kawshik Kannan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I916357946","display_name":"Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/054psm803","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kawshik Kannan","raw_affiliation_strings":["SSN College of Engineering (India)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SSN College of Engineering (India)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072942077","display_name":"Harish Ravi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8858-907X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I916357946","display_name":"Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/054psm803","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harish Ravi","raw_affiliation_strings":["SSN College of Engineering (India)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SSN College of Engineering (India)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042248459","display_name":"Bhaskar Venkatraman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I916357946","display_name":"Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/054psm803","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhaskar Venkatraman","raw_affiliation_strings":["SSN College of Engineering (India)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SSN College of Engineering (India)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112595706","display_name":"R. S. Milton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I916357946","display_name":"Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/054psm803","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milton R S","raw_affiliation_strings":["SSN College of Engineering (India)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SSN College of Engineering (India)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024711778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I916357946"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1012,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40157178,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"58","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tamil","display_name":"Tamil","score":0.9662559032440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.8866742849349976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7333077192306519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7272305488586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.7223734259605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6865927577018738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.59867262840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.49503010511398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.48948633670806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46568217873573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4530087411403656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.43531349301338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1546139419078827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.12373864650726318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09326881170272827}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140688305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5885","display_name":"Tamil","level":2,"score":0.9662559032440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.8866742849349976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7333077192306519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7272305488586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7223734259605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6865927577018738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.59867262840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.49503010511398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.48948633670806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46568217873573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4530087411403656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.43531349301338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1546139419078827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.12373864650726318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09326881170272827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2522954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2522954","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eleventh International Conference on Machine Vision (ICMV 2018)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1997786351","https://openalex.org/W2001642682","https://openalex.org/W2125149189","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2188599188","https://openalex.org/W2188905221","https://openalex.org/W2194187530","https://openalex.org/W2756815061","https://openalex.org/W2962860144","https://openalex.org/W3148529112","https://openalex.org/W4212801531","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6680096826","https://openalex.org/W6744458466","https://openalex.org/W6854547427"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2248777205","https://openalex.org/W1991513203","https://openalex.org/W3178467699","https://openalex.org/W4312612713","https://openalex.org/W2807727799","https://openalex.org/W2106936331","https://openalex.org/W1985626581","https://openalex.org/W2100798736","https://openalex.org/W2321008539","https://openalex.org/W2728450881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"Character":[1],"Recognition":[2],"(OCR)":[3],"of":[4,16,29,56],"Tamil":[5,31],"characters":[6,32],"is":[7,60],"harder,":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,14,24,62],"the":[11,42,48,51,57,63],"variety,":[12],"compared":[13],"that":[15],"Latin":[17],"characters.":[18,53],"We":[19],"propose":[20],"a":[21,34],"new":[22],"technique":[23],"perform":[25],"optical":[26],"character":[27],"recognition":[28],"printed":[30],"using":[33],"hierarchical":[35],"Convolutional":[36],"Neural":[37],"Network":[38],"(CNN)":[39],"which":[40],"recognises":[41],"similarities":[43],"between":[44,50],"characters,":[45],"while":[46],"identifying":[47],"differences":[49],"fine-grained":[52],"The":[54],"performance":[55],"developed":[58],"system":[59],"comparable":[61],"stateof-the-art":[64],"techniques":[65],"for":[66],"OCR.":[67]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}