{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4362487917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2654221","title":"Automated localization of mini-screw fiducials in spine CT scans","display_name":"Automated localization of mini-screw fiducials in spine CT scans","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4362487917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2654221"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2654221","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2654221","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2023: Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039076446","display_name":"Ryan B. Duke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryan B. Duke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031035271","display_name":"Xiaoyao Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0576-0087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyao Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020765129","display_name":"William R. Warner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-3195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William R. Warner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031850866","display_name":"Steven Baltic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2819-552X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289422878","display_name":"Dartmouth\u2013Hitchcock Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00d1dhh09","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454","https://openalex.org/I1289422878","https://openalex.org/I4390039337"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Baltic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289422878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058048765","display_name":"Kristen L. Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0361-9234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristen L. Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066002091","display_name":"Linton T. Evans","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289422878","display_name":"Dartmouth\u2013Hitchcock Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00d1dhh09","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454","https://openalex.org/I1289422878","https://openalex.org/I4390039337"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linton T. Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289422878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089789604","display_name":"Songbai Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2886-5781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songbai Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112423357","display_name":"Sohail K. Mirza","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289422878","display_name":"Dartmouth\u2013Hitchcock Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00d1dhh09","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454","https://openalex.org/I1289422878","https://openalex.org/I4390039337"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sohail K. Mirza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)","Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)","Dartmouth College (United States); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289422878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016359425","display_name":"Keith D. Paulsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-3196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166639","display_name":"Dartmouth Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02j3qj605","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166639"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289422878","display_name":"Dartmouth\u2013Hitchcock Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00d1dhh09","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454","https://openalex.org/I1289422878","https://openalex.org/I4390039337"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keith D. Paulsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth Cancer Ctr. (United States)","Dartmouth College (United States)","Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)","Dartmouth College (United States); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth Cancer Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166639"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289422878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039076446"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03735141,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"89","last_page":"89"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10776","display_name":"Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiducial-marker","display_name":"Fiducial marker","score":0.7199442386627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6497470140457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.6329158544540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dicom","display_name":"DICOM","score":0.6133729219436646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5927504301071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.514700710773468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5080080032348633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.4732128977775574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxel","display_name":"Voxel","score":0.45068472623825073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4403038024902344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cadaver","display_name":"Cadaver","score":0.4375420808792114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.21346494555473328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.1696147918701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.15666905045509338}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173974348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469893","display_name":"Fiducial marker","level":2,"score":0.7199442386627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6497470140457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.6329158544540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77331912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81095","display_name":"DICOM","level":2,"score":0.6133729219436646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5927504301071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.514700710773468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5080080032348633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4732128977775574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.45068472623825073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4403038024902344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91762617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48422","display_name":"Cadaver","level":2,"score":0.4375420808792114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21346494555473328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.1696147918701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15666905045509338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2654221","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2654221","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2023: Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992263030","https://openalex.org/W2004804020","https://openalex.org/W2044573871","https://openalex.org/W3019296792","https://openalex.org/W3023260842","https://openalex.org/W3205586818","https://openalex.org/W4213071756","https://openalex.org/W4225870660","https://openalex.org/W6808468331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2352944256","https://openalex.org/W2525537761","https://openalex.org/W2072325087","https://openalex.org/W2528730528","https://openalex.org/W2358954258","https://openalex.org/W2376146719","https://openalex.org/W2355550873","https://openalex.org/W2370879019","https://openalex.org/W1513288651","https://openalex.org/W2905789513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Miniature":[0],"Screws,":[1],"often":[2],"used":[3],"for":[4,25,215],"fiducials,":[5],"are":[6,138],"currently":[7],"localized":[8],"on":[9,52],"DICOM":[10],"images":[11,164],"manually.":[12],"This":[13,83,113],"time-consuming":[14],"process":[15,24],"can":[16,39,199],"add":[17],"tens":[18],"of":[19,33,66,72,76,98,105,109,190,193,207,227],"minutes":[20],"to":[21,123,132],"the":[22,73,106,110,152,191,220,228],"computational":[23,205],"registration,":[26],"or":[27],"error":[28],"analysis.":[29],"Through":[30],"a":[31,43,48,53,127,203],"series":[32],"morphological":[34],"operations,":[35],"this":[36],"localization":[37],"task":[38],"be":[40,200],"completed":[41,201],"in":[42,151],"time":[44,214],"much":[45],"less":[46],"than":[47],"second":[49,95],"when":[50],"performed":[51],"standard":[54],"laptop.":[55],"Two":[56],"image":[57,170],"sets":[58],"were":[59,148,165,180,185,233],"analyzed.":[60],"The":[61,94,196,223],"first":[62],"data":[63],"set":[64],"consisted":[65],"six":[67],"intraoperative":[68],"CT":[69,102],"(iCT)":[70],"scans":[71,104],"lumbar":[74,107,153],"spine":[75,108],"both":[77],"cadaver":[78],"and":[79,182,230],"live":[80],"porcine":[81],"samples.":[82],"dataset":[84,96,114],"includes":[85],"not":[86],"only":[87],"implanted":[88,150],"mini-screws,":[89],"but":[90],"other":[91,133,136],"metal":[92],"instrumentation.":[93],"consists":[97],"6":[99],"semi-rigidly":[100],"deformed":[101],"(uCT)":[103],"same":[111],"animals.":[112],"has":[115,157],"been":[116],"intensity":[117],"down":[118],"sampled":[119],"from":[120],"16":[121],"bits":[122,125],"eight":[124],"as":[126,167],"pre-processing":[128],"step.":[129],"Also,":[130],"due":[131],"deformation":[134],"steps,":[135],"artifacts":[137],"apparent.":[139],"Both":[140],"datasets":[141,232],"show":[142],"at":[143,158],"least":[144,159],"18":[145],"mini-screws":[146,161],"which":[147],"rigidly":[149],"vertebrae.":[154],"Each":[155],"vertebra":[156],"three":[160],"implanted.":[162],"These":[163],"processed":[166],"follows:":[168],"projection":[169],"forming":[171],"via":[172],"maximum":[173],"row":[174],"values,":[175],"thresholding,":[176],"opening,":[177],"non-circular":[178],"regions":[179,184],"removed,":[181],"circular":[183],"eroded.":[186],"Leaving":[187],"voxel":[188],"locations":[189],"center":[192],"each":[194],"mini-screw.":[195],"aforementioned":[197],"steps":[198],"with":[202],"mean":[204],"efficiency":[206],".0365":[208],"seconds.":[209],"Which":[210],"is":[211],"an":[212],"unobtainable":[213],"manual":[216],"localization.":[217],"Even":[218],"by":[219],"most":[221],"skilled.":[222],"true":[224],"positive":[225],"rates":[226],"iCT":[229],"uCT":[231],"96.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
