{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3133396482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2582330","title":"Automatic detection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma on pathologic slides using polarized hyperspectral imaging and machine learning","display_name":"Automatic detection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma on pathologic slides using polarized hyperspectral imaging and machine learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3133396482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2582330","mag":"3133396482","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34955584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2582330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2582330","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2021: Digital Pathology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8699168","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066268703","display_name":"Ximing Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ximing Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Bioengineering and Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, Richardson, TX","The Univ. of Texas at Dallas (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Bioengineering and Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas at Dallas (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065744005","display_name":"Ling Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4352-5697"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Bioengineering and Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, Richardson, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Bioengineering and Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110746860","display_name":"Walliam Brown","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walliam Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Bioengineering and Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, Richardson, TX","The Univ. of Texas at Dallas (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Bioengineering and Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas at Dallas (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111472916","display_name":"James Little","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Little","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Atlanta, GA","Emory Univ. School of Medicine (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory Univ. School of Medicine (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000341676","display_name":"Amy Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1235-006X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University, Department of Otolaryngology, Atlanta, GA","Emory Univ. School of Medicine (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University, Department of Otolaryngology, Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory Univ. School of Medicine (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103044285","display_name":"Larry L. Myers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-6201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry Myers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Dallas, TX","The Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Ctr. at Dallas (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Ctr. at Dallas (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000204424","display_name":"Baran D. Sumer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8371-4388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baran Sumer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Dallas, TX","The Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Ctr. at Dallas (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Ctr. at Dallas (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083707303","display_name":"Baowei Fei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9123-9484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baowei Fei","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Bioengineering and Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, Richardson, TX","Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Advanced Imaging Research Center, Dallas, TX","Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dept. of Radiology, Dallas, TX","The Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Ctr. (United States)","The Univ. of Texas at Dallas (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Bioengineering and Center for Imaging and Surgical Innovation, Richardson, TX","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Advanced Imaging Research Center, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dept. of Radiology, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas at Dallas (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066268703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6331,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8969974,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11603","issue":null,"first_page":"23","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12050","display_name":"Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12050","display_name":"Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7767902612686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7224107384681702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.7050514221191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6369855999946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.5956331491470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5891954898834229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4353252053260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.39755919575691223}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7767902612686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7224107384681702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.7050514221191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6369855999946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.5956331491470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5891954898834229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4353252053260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39755919575691223}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2582330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2582330","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2021: Digital Pathology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:34955584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34955584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8699168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8699168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8699168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8699168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1910077602","https://openalex.org/W1988386267","https://openalex.org/W1993114526","https://openalex.org/W2033894515","https://openalex.org/W2036606997","https://openalex.org/W2040571733","https://openalex.org/W2043640692","https://openalex.org/W2052763321","https://openalex.org/W2066160296","https://openalex.org/W2073124504","https://openalex.org/W2080696007","https://openalex.org/W2095197506","https://openalex.org/W2100875865","https://openalex.org/W2109816469","https://openalex.org/W2114055410","https://openalex.org/W2163512830","https://openalex.org/W2192817454","https://openalex.org/W2278837653","https://openalex.org/W2326001709","https://openalex.org/W2346973638","https://openalex.org/W2511599553","https://openalex.org/W2625073279","https://openalex.org/W2682360066","https://openalex.org/W2724678187","https://openalex.org/W2734598909","https://openalex.org/W2793251974","https://openalex.org/W2806507989","https://openalex.org/W2922829319","https://openalex.org/W2973216789","https://openalex.org/W3001491360","https://openalex.org/W3008146792","https://openalex.org/W3011221107","https://openalex.org/W3021686598","https://openalex.org/W3023460493","https://openalex.org/W3107533236"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200112873","https://openalex.org/W4367336074","https://openalex.org/W2955796858","https://openalex.org/W4224941037","https://openalex.org/W3154045278","https://openalex.org/W4379620016","https://openalex.org/W4393666307","https://openalex.org/W3210764983","https://openalex.org/W4393443811","https://openalex.org/W4367335949"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,103,135,160,194],"aim":[1],"of":[2,18,60,95,105,162],"this":[3,46],"study":[4],"is":[5,140],"to":[6,86,155],"incorporate":[7,161],"polarized":[8,35,199],"hyperspectral":[9,36,200],"imaging":[10,37,201],"(PHSI)":[11],"with":[12,58],"machine":[13,68,74],"learning":[14,69],"for":[15,91,144],"automatic":[16,93],"detection":[17,94],"head":[19],"and":[20,28,81,123],"neck":[21],"squamous":[22],"cell":[23],"carcinoma":[24],"(SCC)":[25],"on":[26,97,149],"hematoxylin":[27],"eosin":[29],"(H&E)":[30],"stained":[31,52,100],"tissue":[32,53,101],"slides.":[33,102],"A":[34],"microscope":[38],"had":[39],"been":[40],"developed":[41],"in":[42,207],"our":[43],"group.":[44],"In":[45],"paper,":[47],"we":[48],"imaged":[49],"20":[50],"H&E":[51,99],"slides":[54],"from":[55,119,189],"10":[56],"patients":[57],"SCC":[59,96],"the":[61,64,87,92,98,111,115,120,124,129,145,150,156,168,172,180,190],"larynx":[62],"by":[63],"PHSI":[65,113,121,125,151,192],"microscope.":[66],"Several":[67],"algorithms,":[70],"including":[71],"support":[72],"vector":[73,165],"(SVM),":[75],"random":[76],"forest,":[77],"Gaussian":[78],"naive":[79],"Bayes,":[80],"logistic":[82],"regression,":[83],"were":[84],"applied":[85],"collected":[88,112],"image":[89,175],"data":[90,126,152,176],"performance":[104],"these":[106],"methods":[107],"was":[108],"compared":[109,154],"among":[110],"data,":[114,122],"pseudo-RGB":[116],"images":[117],"generated":[118],"after":[127],"applying":[128],"principal":[130],"component":[131],"analysis":[132],"(PCA)":[133],"transformation.":[134],"results":[136,196],"suggest":[137],"that":[138,198],"SVM":[139],"a":[141],"superior":[142],"classifier":[143],"classification":[146,169],"task":[147],"based":[148],"cubes":[153],"other":[157],"three":[158],"classifiers.":[159],"four":[163],"Stokes":[164],"parameters":[166],"improved":[167],"accuracy.":[170],"Finally,":[171],"PCA":[173],"transformed":[174],"did":[177],"not":[178],"improve":[179],"accuracy":[181],"as":[182],"it":[183],"might":[184],"lose":[185],"some":[186],"important":[187],"information":[188],"original":[191],"data.":[193],"preliminary":[195],"show":[197],"can":[202],"have":[203],"many":[204],"potential":[205],"applications":[206],"digital":[208],"pathology.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
