{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3007525260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2550405","title":"Evaluation of R2* as a noninvasive endogenous imaging biomarker for Ebola virus liver disease progression in nonhuman primates","display_name":"Evaluation of R2* as a noninvasive endogenous imaging biomarker for Ebola virus liver disease progression in nonhuman primates","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3007525260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2550405","mag":"3007525260"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2550405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2550405","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2020: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061306101","display_name":"Marcelo A. Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3450-0989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcelo A. Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032688509","display_name":"Ji Hyun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0450-2879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Hyun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050583446","display_name":"Ian Crozier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Crozier","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058663124","display_name":"Jeffrey Solomon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2711-1977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130649","display_name":"Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03v6m3209","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210130649","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Solomon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frederick National Lab. for Cancer Research (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frederick National Lab. for Cancer Research (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078032470","display_name":"Joseph Laux","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Laux","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023327853","display_name":"Danny Ragland","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danny Ragland","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052296621","display_name":"James Logue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-9741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Logue","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026678521","display_name":"Rebecca Shim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Shim","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067561610","display_name":"Laura Bollinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-8894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Bollinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042284554","display_name":"David Thomasson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Thomasson","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061407674","display_name":"Lisa E. Hensley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1188-4342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Hensley","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017766972","display_name":"Richard S. Bennett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-4831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard S. Bennett","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110390595","display_name":"Irwin M. Feuerstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6670-5407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irwin M. Feuerstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134534","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061306101"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0198588,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"79","last_page":"79"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9555000066757202,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9555000066757202,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ebola-virus","display_name":"Ebola virus","score":0.7312711477279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarker","display_name":"Biomarker","score":0.6264683604240417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.566636860370636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-disease","display_name":"Liver disease","score":0.5381781458854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.5380695462226868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disseminated-intravascular-coagulation","display_name":"Disseminated intravascular coagulation","score":0.495663046836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edema","display_name":"Edema","score":0.43384137749671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.39214563369750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.26161471009254456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.2082652449607849}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777469322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8064876","display_name":"Ebola virus","level":3,"score":0.7312711477279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.6264683604240417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.566636860370636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777075537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929737","display_name":"Liver disease","level":2,"score":0.5381781458854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5380695462226868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778734968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q823027","display_name":"Disseminated intravascular coagulation","level":2,"score":0.495663046836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780886150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152234","display_name":"Edema","level":2,"score":0.43384137749671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.39214563369750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.26161471009254456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2082652449607849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2550405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2550405","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2020: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2902340288","https://openalex.org/W4313427099","https://openalex.org/W4226140946","https://openalex.org/W2159899613","https://openalex.org/W1556380706","https://openalex.org/W2412225881","https://openalex.org/W3204533495","https://openalex.org/W2043516449","https://openalex.org/W172631915","https://openalex.org/W2613896964"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"main":[1],"goal":[2],"of":[3,15,57,65,97,136,151,183,200,234],"this":[4,163],"work":[5],"is":[6],"to":[7,49,61,69,94,120,126,178,215],"evaluate":[8],"R<sub>2</sub>":[9,86,110,148,165,192,221,235,246],"*":[10,87,149,166,193,222,236,247],"as":[11,160],"an":[12],"imaging":[13,83],"biomarker":[14],"Ebola":[16,23],"virus":[17,24],"disease":[18,26,188],"progression":[19],"in":[20,34,116,129,146,170,191,228,237],"the":[21,28,43,197,218],"liver.":[22,80],"(EBOV)":[25],"targets":[27,93],"liver":[29,105,229],"among":[30],"other":[31,54],"organs,":[32],"resulting":[33],"hepatocellular":[35],"necrosis":[36],"and":[37,40,53,59,73,79,104,175,211,241],"degeneration,":[38],"hemorrhage,":[39,141],"edema.":[41],"In":[42,162],"liver,":[44],"EBOV":[45,108,184,201],"destroys":[46],"cells":[47],"required":[48],"produce":[50],"coagulation":[51,72],"proteins":[52],"important":[55],"components":[56],"plasma":[58],"damage":[60],"blood":[62],"vessels.":[63],"Impairment":[64],"vascular":[66,139],"integrity":[67],"leads":[68],"disseminated":[70],"intravascular":[71],"multiorgan":[74],"failure,":[75],"including":[76],"lungs,":[77],"kidneys,":[78],"Noninvasive":[81],"endogenous":[82],"biomarkers":[84],"(e.g.,":[85],"relaxivity":[88,115,167,194],"from":[89,102],"MRI)":[90],"are":[91],"attractive":[92],"monitor":[95],"changes":[96,227,248],"paramagnetic":[98,157],"substances":[99],"that":[100,127,245],"occur":[101],"hemorrhage":[103],"dysfunction":[106],"during":[107,133],"infection.":[109],"maps":[111],"exhibit":[112],"a":[113,179,186,204],"decreased":[114],"edematous":[117],"tissue":[118],"due":[119],"higher":[121],"T<sub>2</sub>":[122],"relaxation":[123],"time":[124],"compared":[125],"observed":[128],"nonedematous":[130],"tissue.":[131],"However,":[132],"later":[134,226],"phases":[135],"infection,":[137],"increased":[138,147],"congestion,":[140],"or":[142],"thrombi":[143],"may":[144,249],"result":[145],"because":[150],"local":[152],"field":[153],"inhomogeneities":[154],"caused":[155],"by":[156],"molecules":[158],"such":[159],"deoxyhemoglobin.":[161],"study,":[164],"was":[168],"followed":[169,225],"rhesus":[171],"monkeys":[172],"at":[173],"baseline":[174],"after":[176,196,209],"exposure":[177,210],"low":[180],"lethality":[181],"variant":[182],"through":[185],"prolonged":[187],"course.":[189],"Increases":[190],"measured":[195],"acute":[198,219],"phase":[199],"infection":[202],"reached":[203],"peak":[205],"about":[206],"3":[207],"weeks":[208],"then":[212],"slowly":[213],"returned":[214],"normal.":[216],"After":[217],"phase,":[220],"curve":[223],"roughly":[224],"function":[230],"tests.":[231],"Lower":[232],"variability":[233],"paravertebral":[238],"muscles,":[239],"hematocrit,":[240],"oxygen":[242],"saturation,":[243],"suggests":[244],"be":[250],"liver-specific.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}