{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921435479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513580","title":"Machine learning for segmenting cells in corneal endothelium images","display_name":"Machine learning for segmenting cells in corneal endothelium images","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921435479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513580","mag":"2921435479","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31762537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2513580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306519510","display_name":"Medical Imaging 2019: Computer-Aided Diagnosis","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2019: Computer-Aided Diagnosis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6874224","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007882747","display_name":"Chaitanya Kolluru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3211-7794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaitanya Kolluru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106 (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106 (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020825217","display_name":"Beth Ann Benetz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4790-7972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186727570","display_name":"Notre Dame College","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmjtd85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186727570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beth Benetz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornea Image Analysis Reading Center, 6700 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44103, USA","Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Eye Institute, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","Case Western Reserve Univ., Univ. Hospitals Eye Institute (United States)","Cornea Image Analysis Reading Ctr. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornea Image Analysis Reading Center, 6700 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44103, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186727570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Eye Institute, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Western Reserve Univ., Univ. Hospitals Eye Institute (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornea Image Analysis Reading Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037795294","display_name":"Naomi Joseph","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naomi Joseph","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","Case Western Reserve Univ. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Western Reserve Univ. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080203373","display_name":"Jonathan H. Lass","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3289-3443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186727570","display_name":"Notre Dame College","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmjtd85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186727570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Lass","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornea Image Analysis Reading Center, 6700 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44103, USA","Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Eye Institute, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","Cornea Image Analysis Reading Ctr. (United States)","Case Western Reserve Univ., Univ. Hospitals Eye Institute (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornea Image Analysis Reading Center, 6700 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44103, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186727570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Eye Institute, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornea Image Analysis Reading Ctr. (United States)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Western Reserve Univ., Univ. Hospitals Eye Institute (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059314323","display_name":"David L. Wilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9763-1463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","Case Western Reserve Univ. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Western Reserve Univ. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111393700","display_name":"Harry Menegay","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186727570","display_name":"Notre Dame College","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmjtd85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186727570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry Menegay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornea Image Analysis Reading Center, 6700 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44103, USA","Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Eye Institute, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","Case Western Reserve Univ., Univ. Hospitals Eye Institute (United States)","Cornea Image Analysis Reading Ctr.  (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornea Image Analysis Reading Center, 6700 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44103, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186727570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Eye Institute, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Western Reserve Univ., Univ. Hospitals Eye Institute (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornea Image Analysis Reading Ctr.  (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8119,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90268469,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10950","issue":null,"first_page":"158","last_page":"158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10563","display_name":"Corneal surgery and disorders","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10563","display_name":"Corneal surgery and disorders","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jaccard-index","display_name":"Jaccard index","score":0.7867090702056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7654582262039185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7586159110069275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corneal-endothelium","display_name":"Corneal endothelium","score":0.7151070237159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6354548931121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6067050695419312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5777915716171265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5245069265365601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.522756814956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cornea","display_name":"Cornea","score":0.4888686537742615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4772089123725891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.469495564699173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s\u00f8rensen\u2013dice-coefficient","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","score":0.4543766379356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.380441278219223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.08802646398544312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.06603536009788513}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203519979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865360","display_name":"Jaccard index","level":3,"score":0.7867090702056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7654582262039185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7586159110069275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775901793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189806","display_name":"Corneal endothelium","level":3,"score":0.7151070237159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6354548931121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6067050695419312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5777915716171265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5245069265365601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.522756814956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776882836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168291","display_name":"Cornea","level":2,"score":0.4888686537742615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4772089123725891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.469495564699173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163892561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2613728","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","level":4,"score":0.4543766379356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.380441278219223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08802646398544312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.06603536009788513}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2513580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306519510","display_name":"Medical Imaging 2019: Computer-Aided Diagnosis","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Imaging 2019: Computer-Aided Diagnosis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:31762537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31762537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6874224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6874224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6874224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6874224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W184641614","https://openalex.org/W1755781740","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1910657905","https://openalex.org/W1963844593","https://openalex.org/W1976735775","https://openalex.org/W1976839074","https://openalex.org/W1990286093","https://openalex.org/W2000325779","https://openalex.org/W2014931622","https://openalex.org/W2069930561","https://openalex.org/W2074498021","https://openalex.org/W2079609398","https://openalex.org/W2091249156","https://openalex.org/W2104335906","https://openalex.org/W2128060444","https://openalex.org/W2153571188","https://openalex.org/W2159920218","https://openalex.org/W2202896929","https://openalex.org/W2312643122","https://openalex.org/W2344908511","https://openalex.org/W2509433202","https://openalex.org/W2517954747","https://openalex.org/W2535775312","https://openalex.org/W2608896333","https://openalex.org/W2802597987","https://openalex.org/W2897262940","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W3183398458","https://openalex.org/W6639780620","https://openalex.org/W6726362721","https://openalex.org/W6736654369","https://openalex.org/W6808552537"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953570019","https://openalex.org/W3012828488","https://openalex.org/W3116883888","https://openalex.org/W4367019122","https://openalex.org/W4280645644","https://openalex.org/W2766422710","https://openalex.org/W4287631720","https://openalex.org/W3093926553","https://openalex.org/W4223526259","https://openalex.org/W3164075923"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Images":[0],"of":[1,6,27,29,42,92,109,148],"the":[2,7,40,43,90,105,141,156,163],"endothelial":[3,47,171],"cell":[4,24,30,33,118,172],"layer":[5],"cornea":[8,181],"can":[9],"be":[10],"used":[11,37],"to":[12,38,65,81,130,169],"evaluate":[13,39,131],"corneal":[14],"health.":[15,182],"Quantitative":[16],"biomarkers":[17],"extracted":[18],"from":[19,162],"these":[20],"images":[21,111],"such":[22,86,139],"as":[23,140],"density,":[25],"coefficient":[26],"variation":[28],"area,":[31],"and":[32,72,99,103,127,135,143,174],"hexagonality":[34],"are":[35,69,75,166],"commonly":[36],"status":[41],"endothelium.":[44],"Currently,":[45],"fully-automated":[46],"image":[48,62],"analysis":[49,63],"systems":[50],"in":[51,85,120,155],"use":[52],"often":[53],"give":[54],"inaccurate":[55],"results,":[56],"while":[57],"semi-automated":[58],"methods,":[59],"requiring":[60],"trained":[61],"readers":[64],"identify":[66],"cells":[67,84],"manually,":[68],"both":[70],"challenging":[71],"time-consuming.":[73],"We":[74,88,123],"investigating":[76],"two":[77,93],"deep":[78,94],"learning":[79],"methods":[80],"automatically":[82],"segment":[83],"images.":[87],"compare":[89],"performance":[91],"neural":[95],"networks,":[96],"namely":[97],"U-Net":[98,157,164],"SegNet.":[100],"To":[101],"train":[102],"test":[104],"classifiers,":[106],"a":[107],"dataset":[108],"130":[110],"was":[112],"collected,":[113],"with":[114],"expert":[115],"reader":[116],"annotated":[117],"borders":[119],"each":[121],"image.":[122],"applied":[124,168],"standard":[125],"training":[126],"testing":[128],"techniques":[129],"pixel-wise":[132,153],"segmentation":[133],"performance,":[134],"report":[136],"corresponding":[137],"metrics":[138],"Dice":[142],"Jaccard":[144],"coefficients.":[145],"Visual":[146],"evaluation":[147],"results":[149],"showed":[150],"that":[151],"most":[152],"errors":[154],"were":[158],"rather":[159],"non-consequential.":[160],"Results":[161],"approach":[165],"being":[167],"create":[170],"segmentations":[173],"quantify":[175],"important":[176],"morphological":[177],"measurements":[178],"for":[179],"evaluating":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}