{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2593228342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2255668","title":"Computer-aided detection of bladder masses in CT urography (CTU)","display_name":"Computer-aided detection of bladder masses in CT urography (CTU)","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2593228342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2255668","mag":"2593228342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2255668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2255668","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kenny H. Cha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111179","display_name":"Michigan United","ror":"https://ror.org/0291ys696","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenny H. Cha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Michigan (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Michigan (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179","https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087281080","display_name":"Lubomir M. Hadjiiski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2069-8066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111179","display_name":"Michigan United","ror":"https://ror.org/0291ys696","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lubomir M. Hadjiiski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Michigan (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Michigan (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179","https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027247097","display_name":"Heang\u2010Ping Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7777-9006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111179","display_name":"Michigan United","ror":"https://ror.org/0291ys696","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heang-Ping Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Michigan (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Michigan (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179","https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022051736","display_name":"Elaine M. Caoili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5303-8844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111179","display_name":"Michigan United","ror":"https://ror.org/0291ys696","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elaine M. Caoili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Michigan (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Michigan (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179","https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068582788","display_name":"Richard H. Cohan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3156-7037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111179","display_name":"Michigan United","ror":"https://ror.org/0291ys696","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard H. Cohan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Michigan (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Michigan (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179","https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018208869","display_name":"Alon Z. Weizer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0504-2969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111179","display_name":"Michigan United","ror":"https://ror.org/0291ys696","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alon Weizer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Michigan (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Michigan (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179","https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019785665","display_name":"Ravi K. Samala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-4801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111179","display_name":"Michigan United","ror":"https://ror.org/0291ys696","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ravi K. Samala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Michigan (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Michigan (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111179","https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210111179"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2483,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57402478,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10134","issue":null,"first_page":"1013403","last_page":"1013403"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10458","display_name":"Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10458","display_name":"Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12695","display_name":"Urinary and Genital Oncology Studies","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10552","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyelogram","display_name":"Pyelogram","score":0.6055243611335754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5884385704994202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35646942257881165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.26327037811279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1162465512752533}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204465174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567532","display_name":"Pyelogram","level":2,"score":0.6055243611335754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5884385704994202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35646942257881165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.26327037811279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1162465512752533}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2255668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2255668","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032642653","https://openalex.org/W2039593066","https://openalex.org/W2082874384","https://openalex.org/W2094129583","https://openalex.org/W2111825645","https://openalex.org/W2307535535"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2049775471","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,14],"are":[1],"developing":[2],"a":[3,76,111,123,199,235],"computer-aided":[4],"detection":[5,20,42],"system":[6,233],"for":[7,19,41,152,211,242,251],"bladder":[8,22,33,44,51,100,106,164,214],"cancer":[9],"in":[10,122],"CT":[11,134],"urography":[12],"(CTU).":[13],"have":[15],"previously":[16],"developed":[17],"methods":[18,40],"of":[21,31,43,158,213,237],"masses":[23,45],"within":[24,46],"the":[25,28,32,47,72,91,99,132,191,208,225,232,243,252],"contrast-enhanced":[26,73],"and":[27,84,93,102,136,174,183,198,216,246],"non-contrastenhanced":[29],"regions":[30,95],"individually.":[34],"In":[35],"this":[36],"study,":[37],"we":[38],"investigated":[39],"entire":[48],"bladder.":[49],"The":[50,66,79,105,126,219],"was":[52,69,82,88,108,116,166,169,196,204,222],"segmented":[53,137],"using":[54,138],"our":[55,139],"method":[56],"that":[57,231],"combined":[58],"deep-learning":[59],"convolutional":[60],"neural":[61],"network":[62],"with":[63,75,161,180,187,224],"level":[64,86,142],"sets.":[65],"non-contrast-enhanced":[67],"region":[68,74,81],"separated":[70],"from":[71],"maximum-intensity-projection-based":[77],"method.":[78,146],"non-contrast":[80,94],"smoothed":[83],"gray":[85],"threshold":[87],"applied":[89],"to":[90,97,118,131,206],"contrast":[92],"separately":[96],"extract":[98],"wall":[101,107],"potential":[103],"masses.":[104],"transformed":[109],"into":[110,171],"straightened":[112],"thickness":[113],"profile,":[114],"which":[115,168],"analyzed":[117],"identify":[119],"lesion":[120],"candidates":[121,127],"prescreening":[124],"step.":[125],"were":[128,150],"mapped":[129],"back":[130],"3D":[133],"volume":[135],"auto-initialized":[140],"cascaded":[141],"set":[143,157],"(AI-CALS)":[144],"segmentation":[145],"Twenty-seven":[147],"morphological":[148],"features":[149,210],"extracted":[151],"each":[153],"candidate.":[154],"A":[155],"data":[156],"57":[159],"patients":[160],"71":[162],"biopsy-proven":[163],"lesions":[165,215],"used,":[167],"split":[170],"independent":[172],"training":[173,178,192,244],"test":[175,185,226,253],"sets:":[176],"42":[177],"cases":[179,186],"52":[181],"lesions,":[182],"15":[184],"19":[188],"lesions.":[189],"Using":[190],"set,":[193,245],"feature":[194],"selection":[195],"performed":[197],"linear":[200],"discriminant":[201],"(LDA)":[202],"classifier":[203,221],"designed":[205],"merge":[207],"selected":[209],"classification":[212],"false":[217],"positives.":[218],"trained":[220],"evaluated":[223],"set.":[227,254],"FROC":[228],"analysis":[229],"showed":[230],"achieved":[234],"sensitivity":[236],"86.5%":[238],"at":[239,248],"3.3":[240],"FPs/case":[241,250],"84.2%":[247],"3.7":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}