{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016570371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2081560","title":"Shape index distribution based local surface complexity applied to the human cortex","display_name":"Shape index distribution based local surface complexity applied to the human cortex","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016570371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2081560","mag":"2016570371"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2081560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2081560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103213146","display_name":"Sun Hyung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-9385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sun Hyung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (United States)","The Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014525522","display_name":"Vladimir Fonov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3402-7749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Fonov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montreal Neurological  Institute (Canada)","McGill University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montreal Neurological  Institute (Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061155266","display_name":"D. Louis Collins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8432-7021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Louis Collins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montreal Neurological Institute (Canada)","University of Utah,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montreal Neurological Institute (Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010769610","display_name":"Guido Gerig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9547-6233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guido Gerig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Utah (United States)","University of  Utah (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Utah (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of  Utah (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065838160","display_name":"Martin Styner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8747-5118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292859797","display_name":"Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghs6f64","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin A. Styner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montreal Neurological Institute (Canada)","The Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montreal Neurological Institute (Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292859797"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103213146"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3226,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59037741,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9413","issue":null,"first_page":"941344","last_page":"941344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11304","display_name":"Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12417","display_name":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface","display_name":"Surface (topology)","score":0.6618914604187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.6379389762878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesic","display_name":"Geodesic","score":0.6200679540634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5079544186592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5026309490203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4737609028816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4540357291698456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.4325867295265198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.4122295081615448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39258038997650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37268781661987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34429898858070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3163989782333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.25525715947151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.16135868430137634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.14711737632751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.1369936466217041}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.6618914604187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.6379389762878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165818556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213488","display_name":"Geodesic","level":2,"score":0.6200679540634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5079544186592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5026309490203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4737609028816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4540357291698456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4325867295265198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4122295081615448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39258038997650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37268781661987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34429898858070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3163989782333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.25525715947151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.16135868430137634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.14711737632751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.1369936466217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2081560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2081560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3410439","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4449152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1627741808","https://openalex.org/W1970928383","https://openalex.org/W2010994321","https://openalex.org/W2011660455","https://openalex.org/W2063176769","https://openalex.org/W2080799291","https://openalex.org/W2088198702","https://openalex.org/W2103976847","https://openalex.org/W2115950018","https://openalex.org/W2130363744","https://openalex.org/W2130686832","https://openalex.org/W2131339155","https://openalex.org/W2141796362","https://openalex.org/W2143668817","https://openalex.org/W2157848968","https://openalex.org/W2158649156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978591761","https://openalex.org/W4287661821","https://openalex.org/W3133864228","https://openalex.org/W2941285539","https://openalex.org/W1579299075","https://openalex.org/W4206698794","https://openalex.org/W3089249579","https://openalex.org/W4286749417","https://openalex.org/W3126955880","https://openalex.org/W2169666582"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,90,120],"quantification":[1],"of":[2,14,47,79,138,166,200,206,214,227],"local":[3,38,48,60,77,104,117,151,167],"surface":[4,49,81,105,118,202,209],"complexity":[5,39,98,110,168,173,181,188,203],"in":[6,16,25,174,182,189],"the":[7,41,44,73,76,80,85,150,164,175,207,211,222],"human":[8],"cortex":[9],"has":[10],"shown":[11],"to":[12,51,108,148,218,221],"be":[13,219],"interest":[15],"investigating":[17],"population":[18],"differences":[19],"as":[20,22,40,126,133,225],"well":[21],"developmental":[23],"changes":[24,223],"neurodegenerative":[26],"or":[27],"neurodevelopment":[28],"diseases.":[29],"We":[30,143],"propose":[31],"a":[32,58,94,102,114,145,156],"novel":[33],"assessment":[34],"method":[35],"that":[36,169],"represents":[37],"difference":[42,64],"between":[43],"observed":[45],"distributions":[46],"topology":[50,55,82,122],"its":[52],"best-fit":[53],"basic":[54,121],"model":[56],"within":[57,75,155,210],"given":[59,157],"neighborhood.":[61],"This":[62],"distribution":[63,154],"is":[65],"estimated":[66],"via":[67,84],"Earth":[68],"Move":[69],"Distance":[70],"(EMD)":[71],"over":[72],"histogram":[74,153],"neighborhood":[78],"quantified":[83],"Shape":[86],"Index":[87],"(SI)":[88],"measure.":[89],"EMD":[91],"scores":[92],"have":[93],"range":[95],"from":[96],"simple":[97],"(0.0),":[99],"which":[100,112],"indicates":[101,113],"consistent":[103],"topology,":[106],"up":[107],"high":[109],"(1.0),":[111],"highly":[115],"variable":[116],"topology.":[119],"models":[123],"are":[124],"categorized":[125],"9":[127],"geometric":[128],"situation":[129],"modeling":[130],"situations":[131],"such":[132,224],"crowns,":[134],"ridges":[135,185],"and":[136,141,179,186],"fundi":[137],"cortical":[139,208],"gyro":[140],"sulci.":[142],"apply":[144],"geodesic":[146],"kernel":[147],"calculate":[149],"SI":[152],"region.":[158],"In":[159,193],"our":[160],"experiments,":[161],"we":[162,195],"obtained":[163],"results":[165,199],"shows":[170],"generally":[171],"higher":[172],"gyral/sulcal":[176],"wall":[177],"regions":[178],"lower":[180],"some":[183],"gyral":[184],"lowest":[187],"sulcal":[190,228],"fundus":[191],"areas.":[192],"addition,":[194],"show":[196],"expected,":[197],"preliminary":[198],"increased":[201],"across":[204],"most":[205],"first":[212],"years":[213],"postnatal":[215],"life,":[216],"hypothesized":[217],"due":[220],"development":[226],"pits.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
