{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990109229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2081061","title":"Multi-atlas segmentation for abdominal organs with Gaussian mixture models","display_name":"Multi-atlas segmentation for abdominal organs with Gaussian mixture models","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990109229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2081061","mag":"1990109229","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25914508"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2081061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2081061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4405670","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040159670","display_name":"Ryan P. Burke","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryan P. Burke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004320806","display_name":"Zhoubing Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-0977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhoubing Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041548848","display_name":"Christopher P. Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher P. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083377585","display_name":"Rebeccah B. Baucom","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebeccah B. Baucom","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013501856","display_name":"Benjamin K. Poulose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-6311"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin K. Poulose","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065429893","display_name":"Richard G. Abramson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1200-0281"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard G. Abramson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075735203","display_name":"Bennett A. Landman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5733-2127"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bennett A. Landman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235 ; Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235 ; Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235 ; Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235 ; Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235 ; Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235 ; Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37235","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040159670"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3105,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86537641,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9417","issue":null,"first_page":"941707","last_page":"941707"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10552","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7473641037940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.697514533996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6044750809669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5964391231536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prior-probability","display_name":"Prior probability","score":0.5575180649757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.532563328742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5166226029396057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4972567856311798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.353118360042572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.14203059673309326}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7473641037940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.697514533996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6044750809669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5964391231536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177769412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278090","display_name":"Prior probability","level":3,"score":0.5575180649757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.532563328742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5166226029396057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4972567856311798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.353118360042572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.14203059673309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2081061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2081061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:25914508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25914508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4405670","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4405670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4405670","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4405670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62526948","https://openalex.org/W1884695109","https://openalex.org/W1989233194","https://openalex.org/W2000585255","https://openalex.org/W2046622279","https://openalex.org/W2050542229","https://openalex.org/W2085091083","https://openalex.org/W2089458919","https://openalex.org/W2095098995","https://openalex.org/W2113576511","https://openalex.org/W2143781397","https://openalex.org/W2161591846","https://openalex.org/W2901062196","https://openalex.org/W6639379402","https://openalex.org/W6673021764"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2580650124","https://openalex.org/W4386190339","https://openalex.org/W2968424575","https://openalex.org/W3142333283","https://openalex.org/W3122088529","https://openalex.org/W3041320102","https://openalex.org/W2111669074","https://openalex.org/W2085259108","https://openalex.org/W2171745948","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abdominal":[0],"organ":[1,187],"segmentation":[2,56,188],"with":[3,95],"clinically":[4],"acquired":[5],"computed":[6],"tomography":[7],"(CT)":[8],"is":[9,69],"drawing":[10],"increasing":[11],"interest":[12],"in":[13,31,53],"the":[14,32,59,73,81,148,151,170,175,183,193,199],"medical":[15,27],"imaging":[16],"community.":[17],"Gaussian":[18],"mixture":[19],"models":[20],"(GMM)":[21],"have":[22,49],"been":[23,51],"extensively":[24],"used":[25],"through":[26],"segmentation,":[28],"most":[29],"notably":[30],"brain":[33],"for":[34,123,140,185,205],"cerebrospinal":[35],"fluid/gray":[36],"matter/white":[37],"matter":[38],"differentiation.":[39],"Because":[40],"abdominal":[41,55,63,143,186,208],"CT":[42,111],"exhibit":[43],"strong":[44],"localized":[45],"intensity":[46,93,129,172],"characteristics,":[47],"GMM":[48,90,171],"recently":[50],"incorporated":[52],"multi-stage":[54],"algorithms.":[57],"In":[58,103],"context":[60],"of":[61,76,83,91,164],"variable":[62],"anatomy":[64],"and":[65,128,150,195,201],"rich":[66],"algorithms,":[67],"it":[68],"difficult":[70],"to":[71,118],"assess":[72],"marginal":[74],"contribution":[75],"GMM.":[77],"Herein,":[78],"we":[79,106,114],"characterize":[80],"efficacy":[82],"an":[84],"<i>a":[85],"posteriori</i>":[86],"framework":[87,181],"that":[88],"integrates":[89],"organ-wise":[92],"likelihood":[94,173],"spatial":[96,126,177,194],"priors":[97,127],"from":[98,198],"multiple":[99],"target-specific":[100,125],"registered":[101],"labels.":[102],"our":[104],"study,":[105],"first":[107],"manually":[108],"labeled":[109],"100":[110],"images.":[112],"Then,":[113],"assigned":[115],"40":[116],"images":[117,134],"use":[119],"as":[120,137],"training":[121],"data":[122],"constructing":[124],"likelihoods.":[130],"The":[131,145,179],"remaining":[132],"60":[133],"were":[135],"evaluated":[136],"test":[138],"targets":[139],"segmenting":[141],"12":[142],"organs.":[144],"overlap":[146],"between":[147],"true":[149],"automatic":[152,207],"segmentations":[153],"was":[154,166],"measured":[155],"by":[156,168,189],"Dice":[157],"similarity":[158],"coefficient":[159],"(DSC).":[160],"A":[161],"median":[162],"improvement":[163],"145%":[165],"achieved":[167],"integrating":[169],"against":[174],"specific":[176],"prior.":[178],"proposed":[180],"opens":[182],"opportunities":[184],"efficiently":[190],"using":[191],"both":[192],"appearance":[196],"information":[197],"atlases,":[200],"creates":[202],"a":[203],"benchmark":[204],"large-scale":[206],"segmentation.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}