{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1977250686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2064432","title":"Visual attention based bag-of-words model for image classification","display_name":"Visual attention based bag-of-words model for image classification","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1977250686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2064432","mag":"1977250686"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2064432","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2064432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100617668","display_name":"Qiwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5476-8873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Science and Technology of China (China)","University of Science and Technology of China, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Science and Technology of China (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101091652","display_name":"Shouhong Wan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shouhong Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Science and Technology of China (China)","University of Science and Technology of China, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Science and Technology of China (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020797370","display_name":"Lihua Yue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lihua Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Science and Technology of China (China)","University of Science and Technology of China, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Science and Technology of China (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101714128","display_name":"Che Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-6850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104252","display_name":"Air Force Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/00seraz22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Che Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air Force Engineering Univ. (China)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Force Engineering Univ. (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100617668"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4877,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6696538,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8565453290939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7889040112495422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bag-of-words-model-in-computer-vision","display_name":"Bag-of-words model in computer vision","score":0.7595974206924438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.62742680311203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.5293624401092529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.4947816729545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistic","display_name":"Statistic","score":0.4602054953575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.45157402753829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4360863268375397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-word","display_name":"Visual Word","score":0.43298614025115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.40291374921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.22304964065551758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10338848829269409}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8565453290939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7889040112495422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167611913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884747","display_name":"Bag-of-words model in computer vision","level":5,"score":0.7595974206924438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.62742680311203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.5293624401092529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4947816729545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89128539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1949963","display_name":"Statistic","level":2,"score":0.4602054953575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45157402753829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4360863268375397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189391414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936579","display_name":"Visual Word","level":4,"score":0.43298614025115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.40291374921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.22304964065551758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10338848829269409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2064432","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2064432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589362500","https://openalex.org/W1597084354","https://openalex.org/W1970900230","https://openalex.org/W1976921161","https://openalex.org/W2084831455","https://openalex.org/W2128272608","https://openalex.org/W2162762921","https://openalex.org/W2164304065","https://openalex.org/W6635107798","https://openalex.org/W6643074925","https://openalex.org/W6684138402"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2158102958","https://openalex.org/W1995462736","https://openalex.org/W2028757524","https://openalex.org/W2938717424","https://openalex.org/W2548286644","https://openalex.org/W2009049007","https://openalex.org/W2588241640","https://openalex.org/W2311865135","https://openalex.org/W2465112410","https://openalex.org/W2518262377"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bag-of-words":[0],"is":[1,11],"a":[2,32,53,62],"classical":[3],"method":[4,50,96,114,129],"for":[5,40,70,130],"image":[6,41,131],"classification.":[7,132],"The":[8,44],"core":[9],"problem":[10],"how":[12],"to":[13,25,51,65,97],"count":[14],"the":[15,18,58,67,71,74,78,81,99,119,127],"frequency":[16,72],"of":[17,73],"visual":[19,23,33,48,75],"words":[20,24],"and":[21,56,87,90,102,118],"what":[22],"select.":[26],"In":[27],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"we":[30],"propose":[31],"attention":[34,49],"based":[35,113],"bag-of-words":[36,112],"model":[37,46,83,125],"(VABOW":[38],"model)":[39],"classification":[42],"task.":[43],"VABOW":[45,82,124],"utilizes":[47],"generate":[52],"saliency":[54,59],"map,":[55],"uses":[57,91],"map":[60],"as":[61],"weighted":[63],"matrix":[64],"instruct":[66],"statistic":[68],"process":[69],"words.":[76],"On":[77],"other":[79],"hand,":[80],"combines":[84],"shape,":[85],"color":[86],"texture":[88],"cues":[89],"L1":[92],"regularization":[93],"logistic":[94],"regression":[95],"select":[98],"most":[100,103],"relevant":[101],"efficient":[104],"features.":[105],"We":[106],"compare":[107],"our":[108,123],"approach":[109],"with":[110],"traditional":[111],"on":[115],"two":[116],"datasets,":[117],"result":[120],"shows":[121],"that":[122],"outperforms":[126],"state-of-the-art":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}