{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091463880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043605","title":"Selection of the best features for leukocytes classification in blood smear microscopic images","display_name":"Selection of the best features for leukocytes classification in blood smear microscopic images","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091463880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043605","mag":"2091463880"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2043605","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087700545","display_name":"Omid Sarrafzadeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114982161","display_name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omid Sarrafzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Isfahan Univ. of Medical Sciences (Iran, Islamic Republic of)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Isfahan Univ. of Medical Sciences (Iran, Islamic Republic of)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052490368","display_name":"Hossein Rabbani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0551-3636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114982161","display_name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Rabbani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Isfahan Univ. of Medical Sciences (Iran, Islamic Republic of)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Isfahan Univ. of Medical Sciences (Iran, Islamic Republic of)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059915468","display_name":"Ardeshir Talebi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-5086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114982161","display_name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ardeshir Talebi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Isfahan Univ. of Medical Sciences (Iran, Islamic Republic of)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Isfahan Univ. of Medical Sciences (Iran, Islamic Republic of)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003629773","display_name":"Hossein Usefi Banaem","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114982161","display_name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Usefi Banaem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Isfahan Univ. of Medical Sciences (Iran, Islamic Republic of)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Isfahan Univ. of Medical Sciences (Iran, Islamic Republic of)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114982161"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4722,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91682958,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9041","issue":null,"first_page":"90410P","last_page":"90410P"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basophil","display_name":"Basophil","score":0.7775624990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleus","display_name":"Nucleus","score":0.7379322052001953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytoplasm","display_name":"Cytoplasm","score":0.7303518056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eosinophil","display_name":"Eosinophil","score":0.6301240921020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.6005048155784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-smear","display_name":"Blood smear","score":0.5383798480033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.4136802554130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38095593452453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3657935857772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36376386880874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.27952051162719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.25363636016845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-biology","display_name":"Cell biology","score":0.2324756681919098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology","display_name":"Immunology","score":0.2321000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibody","display_name":"Antibody","score":0.0774412453174591}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777456892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107988","display_name":"Basophil","level":4,"score":0.7775624990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780723820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934178","display_name":"Nucleus","level":2,"score":0.7379322052001953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190062978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79899","display_name":"Cytoplasm","level":2,"score":0.7303518056869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777037409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107238","display_name":"Eosinophil","level":3,"score":0.6301240921020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.6005048155784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017819844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q886475","display_name":"Blood smear","level":3,"score":0.5383798480033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4136802554130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38095593452453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3657935857772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36376386880874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.27952051162719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25363636016845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.2324756681919098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2321000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.0774412453174591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141105273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79455","display_name":"Immunoglobulin E","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778048844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12156","display_name":"Malaria","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2043605","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W154084981","https://openalex.org/W1579099812","https://openalex.org/W1608047833","https://openalex.org/W1855906352","https://openalex.org/W1895806900","https://openalex.org/W2047922146","https://openalex.org/W2096761600","https://openalex.org/W2110218375","https://openalex.org/W2120332621","https://openalex.org/W2128118493","https://openalex.org/W2134180252","https://openalex.org/W2138960968","https://openalex.org/W2143859306","https://openalex.org/W2156354701","https://openalex.org/W2167809092","https://openalex.org/W2189080280","https://openalex.org/W2232551726","https://openalex.org/W2393468529","https://openalex.org/W2405367521","https://openalex.org/W2534622136","https://openalex.org/W4248434182","https://openalex.org/W4292203200","https://openalex.org/W6639570313","https://openalex.org/W6678056551","https://openalex.org/W6679098979","https://openalex.org/W6680695201","https://openalex.org/W6682954000","https://openalex.org/W6687299449","https://openalex.org/W6711682174"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078466022","https://openalex.org/W43110896","https://openalex.org/W4289998105","https://openalex.org/W2184307764","https://openalex.org/W1502573407","https://openalex.org/W2413452911","https://openalex.org/W2022782367","https://openalex.org/W2361843045","https://openalex.org/W2072663274","https://openalex.org/W2087989779"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"differential":[1],"counting":[2],"of":[3,14,20,61,84,93,148,178],"leukocytes":[4,26],"provides":[5],"invaluable":[6],"information":[7],"to":[8,24,50,97,154,162],"pathologist":[9],"for":[10,191],"diagnosis":[11],"and":[12,33,43,57,63,76,91,113,128,136,140],"treatment":[13],"many":[15],"diseases.":[16],"The":[17,165],"main":[18],"objective":[19],"this":[21],"paper":[22],"is":[23,86,123,198],"detect":[25],"from":[27,125,134,146],"a":[28,200],"blood":[29,174,184],"smear":[30,175],"microscopic":[31,176],"image":[32,177],"classify":[34],"them":[35],"into":[36,88,95],"their":[37],"types:":[38],"Neutrophil,":[39],"Eosinophil,":[40],"Basophil,":[41],"Lymphocyte":[42],"Monocyte":[44],"using":[45],"features":[46,122,132,139,144,151],"that":[47,188],"pathologists":[48],"consider":[49],"differentiate":[51],"leukocytes.":[52,68,149],"Features":[53],"contain":[54],"color,":[55],"geometric":[56,131],"texture":[58],"features.":[59],"Colors":[60],"nucleus":[62,92,127,135],"cytoplasm":[64,147],"vary":[65],"among":[66],"the":[67,170],"Lymphocytes":[69,100],"have":[70,78,102,106,110,115],"single,":[71],"large,":[72],"round":[73],"or":[74],"oval":[75],"Monocytes":[77,105],"singular":[79],"convoluted":[80],"shape":[81],"nucleus.":[82],"Nucleus":[83],"Eosinophils":[85,114],"divided":[87],"2":[89,96],"segments":[90],"Neutrophils":[94,109],"5":[98],"segments.":[99],"often":[101],"no":[103],"granules,":[104,108],"tiny":[107],"fine":[111],"granules":[112,117],"large":[116],"in":[118,199,203],"cytoplasm.":[119],"Six":[120],"color":[121],"extracted":[124],"both":[126],"cytoplasm,":[129],"6":[130,137],"only":[133,145],"statistical":[138],"7":[141],"moment":[142],"invariants":[143],"These":[150],"are":[152,194],"fed":[153],"support":[155],"vector":[156],"machine":[157],"(SVM)":[158],"classifiers":[159,193],"with":[160,205],"one":[161,163],"architecture.":[164],"results":[166],"obtained":[167],"by":[168],"applying":[169],"proposed":[171],"method":[172],"on":[173],"10":[179],"patients":[180],"including":[181],"149":[182],"white":[183],"cells":[185],"(WBCs)":[186],"indicate":[187],"correct":[189],"rate":[190],"all":[192],"above":[195],"93%":[196],"which":[197],"higher":[201],"level":[202],"comparison":[204],"previous":[206],"literatures.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}