{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1976518118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043367","title":"A new classifier fusion method based on confusion matrix and classification confidence for recognizing common CT imaging signs of lung diseases","display_name":"A new classifier fusion method based on confusion matrix and classification confidence for recognizing common CT imaging signs of lung diseases","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1976518118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043367","mag":"1976518118"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2043367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065744005","display_name":"Ling Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4352-5697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology (China)",", Beijing Institute of Technology, , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Beijing Institute of Technology, , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085061478","display_name":"Xiabi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1633-0648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiabi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology (China)",", Beijing Institute of Technology, , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Beijing Institute of Technology, , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682033","display_name":"Li Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-4689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology (China)",", Beijing Institute of Technology, , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Beijing Institute of Technology, , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002498810","display_name":"Yu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-5097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology (China)",", Beijing Institute of Technology, , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Beijing Institute of Technology, , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081603038","display_name":"Chunwu Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunwu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (China)","Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  (China)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040595637","display_name":"Xinming Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7286-771X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinming Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (China)","Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  (China)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050496811","display_name":"Yanfeng Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6606-9535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanfeng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (China)","Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  (China)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9035","issue":null,"first_page":"90351H","last_page":"90351H"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9642999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9642999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9539999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9524000287055969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion-matrix","display_name":"Confusion matrix","score":0.7588367462158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion","display_name":"Confusion","score":0.7518972754478455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6090875864028931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5610818862915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5396445393562317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.49656206369400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4960564076900482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.4858105182647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-fusion","display_name":"Image fusion","score":0.4626157879829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.06653288006782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.05861583352088928}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138602881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2709591","display_name":"Confusion matrix","level":2,"score":0.7588367462158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.7518972754478455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6090875864028931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5610818862915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5396445393562317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.49656206369400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4960564076900482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.4858105182647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69744172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860822","display_name":"Image fusion","level":3,"score":0.4626157879829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.06653288006782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.05861583352088928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2043367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334924","display_name":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512908228","https://openalex.org/W1566376227","https://openalex.org/W1976284655","https://openalex.org/W1990575960","https://openalex.org/W2046707839","https://openalex.org/W2060762784","https://openalex.org/W2070237440","https://openalex.org/W2074756078","https://openalex.org/W2109094355","https://openalex.org/W2128379577","https://openalex.org/W2131900289","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2164568552","https://openalex.org/W6630843758","https://openalex.org/W6633912811","https://openalex.org/W6644115086","https://openalex.org/W6647868282","https://openalex.org/W6669021296","https://openalex.org/W6679211689","https://openalex.org/W6679606444","https://openalex.org/W7071374342"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366202965","https://openalex.org/W1969293528","https://openalex.org/W2349679704","https://openalex.org/W2788731446","https://openalex.org/W2204403038","https://openalex.org/W3152170969","https://openalex.org/W4389633859","https://openalex.org/W2379054866","https://openalex.org/W2549658594","https://openalex.org/W2570625548"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Common":[0],"CT":[1,19],"Imaging":[2],"Signs":[3],"of":[4,30,39,54,73,75,93,105,127,134,157],"Lung":[5],"Diseases":[6],"(CISL)":[7],"are":[8,99,118],"defined":[9],"as":[10],"the":[11,28,45,51,55,58,64,70,79,82,90,103,106,112,116,136,141,147,158,164,174],"imaging":[12],"signs":[13],"that":[14,173],"frequently":[15],"appear":[16],"in":[17,27,120],"lung":[18,31],"images":[20],"from":[21],"patients":[22],"and":[23,57,146,179],"play":[24],"important":[25],"roles":[26],"diagnosis":[29],"diseases.":[32],"This":[33],"paper":[34],"proposes":[35],"a":[36,76,121],"new":[37],"method":[38,150,176],"multiple":[40],"classifier":[41,161],"fusion":[42],"to":[43,101],"recognize":[44],"CISLs,":[46],"which":[47],"is":[48,177],"based":[49,168],"on":[50],"confusion":[52,67],"matrices":[53],"classifiers":[56,117],"classification":[59,83,108],"confidence":[60,84,109],"values":[61,85,110],"outputted":[62],"by":[63],"classifiers.":[65],"The":[66,96],"matrix":[68],"reflects":[69,89],"historical":[71],"reliability":[72,92],"decision-making":[74],"classifier,":[77],"while":[78],"difference":[80],"between":[81],"for":[86,111],"competing":[87],"classes":[88],"current":[91],"its":[94],"decision-making.":[95],"two":[97],"factors":[98],"merged":[100],"obtain":[102],"weights":[104],"classifiers\u2019":[107],"input":[113],"pattern.":[114],"Then":[115],"fused":[119],"weighted-sum":[122],"form.":[123],"In":[124],"our":[125],"experiments":[126],"CISL":[128],"recognition,":[129],"we":[130],"combine":[131],"three":[132,159],"types":[133],"classifiers:":[135],"Max-Min":[137],"posterior":[138],"Pseudo-probabilities":[139],"(MMP),":[140],"Support":[142],"Vector":[143],"Machine":[144],"(SVM)":[145],"Bagging.":[148],"Our":[149],"behaved":[151],"better":[152],"than":[153],"not":[154],"only":[155],"each":[156],"single":[160],"but":[162],"also":[163],"AdaBoost":[165],"with":[166],"SVM":[167],"weak":[169],"learners.":[170],"It":[171],"shows":[172],"proposed":[175],"effective":[178],"promising.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}