{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1970665279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043073","title":"Classification of weak specular reflections in laparoscopic images","display_name":"Classification of weak specular reflections in laparoscopic images","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1970665279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043073","mag":"1970665279"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2043073","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101612449","display_name":"Bidisha Chakraborty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2627-1197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I884043246","display_name":"Hamburg University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04bs1pb34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bidisha Chakraborty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Univ. Hamburg-Harburg (Germany)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Univ. Hamburg-Harburg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028508079","display_name":"Jan Marek Marcinczak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5706-7634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I884043246","display_name":"Hamburg University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04bs1pb34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Marek Marcinczak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Univ. Hamburg-Harburg (Germany)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Univ. Hamburg-Harburg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027129056","display_name":"Rolf\u2010Rainer Grigat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-5877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I884043246","display_name":"Hamburg University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04bs1pb34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rolf-Rainer Grigat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Univ. Hamburg-Harburg (Germany)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Univ. Hamburg-Harburg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101612449"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03447808,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"9035","issue":null,"first_page":"90353I","last_page":"90353I"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specular-reflection","display_name":"Specular reflection","score":0.9147911071777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.8192920684814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7906413078308105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.771767258644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6803737878799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6652823090553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.6189057230949402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5378313660621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specular-highlight","display_name":"Specular highlight","score":0.5135838985443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5021200180053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44293320178985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4271283447742462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.28234419226646423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1552409827709198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10309070348739624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118381688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079524","display_name":"Specular reflection","level":2,"score":0.9147911071777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.8192920684814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7906413078308105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.771767258644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6803737878799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6652823090553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.6189057230949402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5378313660621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50045419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575328","display_name":"Specular highlight","level":3,"score":0.5135838985443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5021200180053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44293320178985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4271283447742462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.28234419226646423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1552409827709198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10309070348739624}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2043073","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tore.tuhh.de:11420/9845","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11420/9845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401751","display_name":"tub.dok (Hamburg University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I884043246","host_organization_name":"Hamburg University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074977333","https://openalex.org/W2081713725","https://openalex.org/W2085825493","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2150259776","https://openalex.org/W6669350918"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2175900582","https://openalex.org/W2081408094","https://openalex.org/W2135509629","https://openalex.org/W1611976505","https://openalex.org/W3141300019","https://openalex.org/W2101266052","https://openalex.org/W913384303","https://openalex.org/W2098050270","https://openalex.org/W3035953197","https://openalex.org/W2738091825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Specular":[0],"reflections":[1,30,39,45,59,72,79,129,150],"are":[2,40,46,136],"present":[3,130],"in":[4,131,146],"the":[5,37,43,53,67,103,107,116,144,156],"majority":[6],"of":[7,28,69,77,83,102,148],"laparoscopic":[8],"videos.":[9],"If":[10],"not":[11],"considered":[12],"they":[13,135],"will":[14],"affect":[15],"all":[16,163],"further":[17],"image":[18],"analysis":[19,101],"and":[20,85,96,134,160],"registration":[21],"algorithms.":[22],"In":[23],"most":[24],"state-of-the-art":[25],"algorithms,":[26],"segmentation":[27],"specular":[29,58,78,128],"is":[31,89,110,119],"done":[32,90],"by":[33,60,73,93,151],"intensity":[34,84,94],"thresholding.":[35],"However,":[36],"strong":[38],"detected":[41],"but":[42],"weak":[44,71,149],"missed.":[47],"The":[48,64,112,124],"proposed":[49,104],"method":[50,105,142,159],"automatically":[51],"detects":[52],"contour":[54],"boundaries":[55],"belonging":[56],"to":[57,155],"an":[61],"SVM":[62],"classifier.":[63],"algorithm":[65],"improves":[66,143],"detection":[68,147],"small":[70],"training":[74],"on":[75,91],"contours":[76,92],"with":[80,106],"a":[81],"combination":[82],"shape":[86],"descriptors.":[87],"Segmentation":[88],"thresholding":[95],"morphological":[97],"operations.":[98],"A":[99],"comparative":[100],"existing":[108],"methods":[109],"presented.":[111],"ground":[113],"truth":[114],"for":[115,122,162],"test":[117],"images":[118,133],"manually":[120],"labeled":[121],"evaluation.":[123],"database":[125],"contains":[126],"1012":[127],"184":[132],"taken":[137],"from":[138],"42":[139],"patients.":[140],"This":[141],"sensitivity":[145],"15%":[152],"as":[153],"compared":[154],"best":[157],"known":[158],"7%":[161],"reflections.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
