{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2082518233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2041090","title":"A statistical evaluation of effective time constants of random telegraph noise with various operation timings of in-pixel source follower transistors","display_name":"A statistical evaluation of effective time constants of random telegraph noise with various operation timings of in-pixel source follower transistors","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2082518233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2041090","mag":"2082518233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2041090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2041090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055351141","display_name":"Akiyoshi Yonezawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-5212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Yonezawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","Tohoku University, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059412772","display_name":"Rihito Kuroda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-3084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Kuroda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","Tohoku University, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017855642","display_name":"Akinobu Teramoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4655-9403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Teramoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","Tohoku University, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078307382","display_name":"T. Obara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8806-9229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Obara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","Tohoku University, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110506640","display_name":"S. Sugawa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Sugawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","Tohoku University, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku Univ. (Japan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tohoku University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055351141"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2093,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60539087,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"9022","issue":null,"first_page":"90220F","last_page":"90220F"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"Duty cycle","score":0.6966036558151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.6203123331069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mosfet","display_name":"MOSFET","score":0.5318087339401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5074464678764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.4942026436328888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.45264580845832825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4266743063926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3521197736263275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.32140570878982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2718348205089569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.1805952787399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.09971395134925842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07179990410804749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.6966036558151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6203123331069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778413303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210793","display_name":"MOSFET","level":4,"score":0.5318087339401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5074464678764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.4942026436328888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.45264580845832825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4266743063926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3521197736263275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.32140570878982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2718348205089569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1805952787399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.09971395134925842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07179990410804749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2041090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2041090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2004372722","https://openalex.org/W2033668529","https://openalex.org/W2035225800","https://openalex.org/W2035374584","https://openalex.org/W2108403404","https://openalex.org/W2112929516","https://openalex.org/W2119053952","https://openalex.org/W2123485989","https://openalex.org/W2142994350","https://openalex.org/W2151148005","https://openalex.org/W2475209334","https://openalex.org/W6658520740","https://openalex.org/W6676364393","https://openalex.org/W6677908971","https://openalex.org/W6678386643","https://openalex.org/W6681270834","https://openalex.org/W6682454345","https://openalex.org/W6720888216"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2900105712","https://openalex.org/W4385507351","https://openalex.org/W4285411112","https://openalex.org/W2085033728","https://openalex.org/W2965295431","https://openalex.org/W2171299904","https://openalex.org/W2808114008","https://openalex.org/W2367195577","https://openalex.org/W2885118911","https://openalex.org/W3127012794"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"evaluated":[1],"effective":[2,203],"time":[3,26,105,132],"constants":[4,27],"of":[5,14,24,34,51,103,106,135,144,147,158,170,176,187,189,228],"random":[6],"telegraph":[7],"noise":[8,223],"(RTN)":[9],"with":[10,231],"various":[11],"operation":[12,50,112],"timings":[13],"in-pixel":[15],"source":[16,43],"follower":[17],"transistors":[18],"statistically,":[19],"and":[20,64,88,100,167,173,191,205,226],"discuss":[21],"the":[22,29,40,56,75,85,111,116,123,155,159,168,174,181,202,222],"dependency":[23],"RTN":[25,136,151],"on":[28,63,74,110],"duty":[30,98,124,160,182,214],"ratio":[31,99,125,134,215],"(on/off":[32],"ratio)":[33],"MOSFET":[35],"which":[36],"is":[37],"controlled":[38],"by":[39,115,179],"gate":[41],"to":[42,128,138,141,208],"voltage":[44],"(VGS).":[45],"Under":[46],"a":[47,145],"general":[48],"readout":[49],"CMOS":[52],"image":[53],"sensor":[54],"(CIS),":[55],"row":[57],"selected":[58,66,104],"pixel-source":[59],"followers":[60],"(SFs)":[61],"turn":[62,95],"not":[65],"pixel-SFs":[67],"operate":[68],"at":[69],"different":[70],"bias":[71],"conditions":[72],"depending":[73],"select":[76,80],"switch":[77,81],"position;":[78],"when":[79,195],"locate":[82],"in":[83,229],"between":[84],"SF":[86,92,107],"driver":[87,108],"column":[89,117],"output":[90],"line,":[91],"drivers":[93],"nearly":[94],"off.":[96],"The":[97,184],"cyclic":[101],"period":[102],"depends":[109],"timing":[113],"determined":[114],"read":[118],"out":[119],"sequence.":[120],"By":[121],"changing":[122],"from":[126],"1":[127],"7.6":[129],"x":[130],"10<sup>-3</sup>,":[131],"constant":[133],"(time":[137],"capture":[139],"&lt;\u03c4<sub>c</sub>&lt;)/(time":[140],"emission":[142],"&lt;\u03c4<sub>e</sub>&lt;)":[143],"part":[146],"MOSFETs":[148],"increased":[149,166,178],"while":[150],"amplitudes":[152],"were":[153,193],"almost":[154],"same":[156,185],"regardless":[157],"ratio.":[161,183],"In":[162],"these":[163],"MOSFETs,":[164],"&lt;\u03c4<sub>c</sub>&lt;":[165,190,204],"majority":[169],"&lt;\u03c4<sub>e</sub>&lt;":[171,177,192,206],"decreased":[172],"minority":[175],"decreasing":[180],"tendencies":[186],"behaviors":[188],"obtained":[194],"V<sub>GS</sub>":[196],"was":[197],"decreased.":[198],"This":[199],"indicates":[200],"that":[201],"converge":[207],"those":[209],"under":[210],"off":[211],"state":[212],"as":[213],"decreases.":[216],"These":[217],"results":[218],"are":[219],"important":[220],"for":[221],"reduction,":[224],"detection":[225],"analysis":[227],"pixel-SF":[230],"RTN.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
