{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995354289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2030553","title":"Scalable illumination robust face identification using harmonic representation","display_name":"Scalable illumination robust face identification using harmonic representation","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995354289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2030553","mag":"1995354289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2030553","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2030553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005814364","display_name":"Cong Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9742-6187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua Univ. (China)","#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Univ. (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106823095","display_name":"Jiansheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1264-7480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiansheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua Univ. (China)","#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Univ. (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100803623","display_name":"Chang Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua Univ. (China)","#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Univ. (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100378492","display_name":"Jing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3375-6694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua Univ. (China)","#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Univ. (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100374963","display_name":"Jing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0844-5296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua Univ. (China)","#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Univ. (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103371608","display_name":"Guangda Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangda Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua Univ. (China)","#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Univ. (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100669224","display_name":"Gang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-3391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua Univ. (China)","#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Univ. (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Tsinghua University, China#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5525,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69210431,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8878","issue":null,"first_page":"88780Y","last_page":"88780Y"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7853047251701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7517202496528625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.7503598928451538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.7165662050247192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6976048946380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6290770173072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6124054193496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5380262136459351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.5136289000511169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4700390696525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4455304741859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.3524414002895355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.10255134105682373}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7853047251701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7517202496528625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.7503598928451538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.7165662050247192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6976048946380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6290770173072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6124054193496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5380262136459351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.5136289000511169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4700390696525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4455304741859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.3524414002895355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.10255134105682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2030553","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2030553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166031825","https://openalex.org/W2918845005","https://openalex.org/W2040482211","https://openalex.org/W2185537520","https://openalex.org/W3108145925","https://openalex.org/W4387163326","https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W4312238398","https://openalex.org/W4308999963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evaluations":[0],"of":[1,22,100,110,118,137],"both":[2,129],"academic":[3],"face":[4,29,45,54,64,104],"recognition":[5,14,30],"algorithms":[6],"and":[7,113,131,147],"commercial":[8],"systems":[9],"have":[10],"shown":[11],"that":[12],"the":[13,20,97,101,115,125],"performance":[15,123],"degrades":[16],"significantly":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,95],"variation":[21],"illumination.":[23],"Previous":[24],"methods":[25],"for":[26,75,151],"illumination":[27,91,98],"robust":[28],"usually":[31],"involve":[32],"computationally":[33],"expensive":[34],"3D":[35],"model":[36],"transformations":[37],"or":[38],"optimization":[39],"base":[40],"reconstruction":[41],"using":[42],"multiple":[43],"gallery":[44,103],"images,":[46],"making":[47],"them":[48],"infeasible":[49],"in":[50,67,81],"practical":[51],"large":[52,152],"scale":[53,153],"identification":[55,65],"applications.":[56,84,154],"In":[57],"this":[58],"paper,":[59],"we":[60],"propose":[61],"an":[62],"alternative":[63],"framework,":[66],"which":[68],"one":[69],"image":[70],"per":[71],"person":[72],"is":[73,78,136,148],"used":[74],"enrollment":[76],"as":[77],"commonly":[79],"practiced":[80],"real":[82],"life":[83],"Several":[85],"probe":[86],"images":[87],"captured":[88],"under":[89],"different":[90],"conditions":[92],"are":[93,145],"synthesized":[94],"imitate":[96],"condition":[99],"enrolled":[102],"image.":[105],"We":[106,120],"assume":[107],"Lambertian":[108],"reflectance":[109],"human":[111],"faces":[112],"use":[114],"harmonic":[116],"representations":[117],"lighting.":[119],"demonstrate":[121],"satisfactory":[122],"on":[124],"Yale":[126],"B":[127],"database,":[128],"visually":[130],"quantitatively.":[132],"The":[133],"proposed":[134],"method":[135],"very":[138],"low":[139],"complexity":[140],"when":[141],"linear":[142],"facial":[143],"feature":[144],"used,":[146],"therefore":[149],"scalable":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
