{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2044559190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2004956","title":"Human object articulation for CCTV video forensics","display_name":"Human object articulation for CCTV video forensics","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2044559190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2004956","mag":"2044559190"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2004956","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2004956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110010459","display_name":"I. Zafar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. Zafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loughborough Univ. (United Kingdom)","[Loughborough University, United Kingdom]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loughborough Univ. (United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Loughborough University, United Kingdom]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017459474","display_name":"Muhammad Moazam Fraz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0495-463X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Fraz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loughborough Univ. (United Kingdom)","[Loughborough University, United Kingdom]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loughborough Univ. (United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Loughborough University, United Kingdom]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027935136","display_name":"Eran A. Edirisinghe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7570-3670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eran A. Edirisinghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loughborough Univ. (United Kingdom)","[Loughborough University, United Kingdom]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loughborough Univ. (United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Loughborough University, United Kingdom]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110010459"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6896,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75988487,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8663","issue":null,"first_page":"86630Z","last_page":"86630Z"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9706000089645386,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9706000089645386,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9677000045776367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12994","display_name":"Infrared Thermography in Medicine","score":0.95169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8224883079528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7570147514343262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6953551769256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5345743298530579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5211779475212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.5051706433296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.46328869462013245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.426904559135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.15833964943885803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8224883079528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7570147514343262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6953551769256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5345743298530579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5211779475212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.5051706433296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.46328869462013245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.426904559135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15833964943885803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2004956","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2004956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2122667464","https://openalex.org/W2054831422","https://openalex.org/W2106731176","https://openalex.org/W2387104004","https://openalex.org/W3047671631","https://openalex.org/W1548186045","https://openalex.org/W2902098370","https://openalex.org/W2147223569","https://openalex.org/W4283267580","https://openalex.org/W2601157893"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,133,177,301,323],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3,98,142,191,293,305],"present":[4],"a":[5,20,24,29,32,68,74,94,105,116,123,240,248,347],"system":[6],"which":[7],"is":[8,38,273],"focused":[9],"on":[10,41,61,73,154,182,218,298,346],"developing":[11],"algorithms":[12],"for":[13,27,139,311,334],"automatic":[14],"annotation/articulation":[15],"of":[16,48,59,83,93,102,129,159,174,196,199,221,250,252,270],"humans":[17],"passing":[18],"through":[19],"surveillance":[21],"camera":[22],"in":[23,50,206],"way":[25],"useful":[26],"describing":[28],"person/criminal":[30],"by":[31,275],"crime":[33],"scene":[34],"witness.":[35],"Each":[36],"human":[37,84,140,160],"articulated/annotated":[39],"based":[40,72,225,259],"two":[42],"appearance":[43],"features:":[44],"1.":[45],"primary":[46],"colors":[47],"clothes":[49,184],"the":[51,62,113,127,130,171,175,183,194,207,219,282,299,302,307,324],"head,":[52],"body":[53,161],"and":[54,81,110,152,167,203,256,290,319],"legs":[55],"region.":[56,176],"2.":[57],"presence":[58],"text/logo":[60,181],"clothes.":[63],"The":[64,89,120,336],"annotation":[65],"occurs":[66],"after":[67],"robust":[69],"foreground":[70,87,271],"extraction":[71,195,297],"modified":[75],"approach":[76],"to":[77,126,135,149,169,179,188,286,332],"Gaussian":[78],"Mixture":[79],"model":[80],"detection":[82,166],"from":[85,317],"segmented":[86],"images.":[88,300],"proposed":[90,117,245,303,337],"pipeline":[91],"consists":[92],"preprocessing":[95],"stage":[96],"where":[97],"improve":[99,112,291],"color":[100,107,137,173],"quality":[101],"images":[103],"using":[104,115,276],"basic":[106],"constancy":[108],"algorithm":[109],"further":[111,280],"results":[114,121],"post-processing":[118],"method.":[119],"show":[122],"significant":[124],"improvement":[125],"illumination":[128],"video":[131],"frames.":[132,208],"order":[134,178],"annotate":[136],"information":[138],"clothes,":[141],"apply":[143,294],"3D":[144],"Histogram":[145,227,251],"analysis":[146],"(with":[147],"respect":[148],"Hue,":[150],"Saturation":[151],"Value)":[153],"HSV":[155],"converted":[156],"image":[157],"regions":[158,211],"parts":[162],"along":[163],"with":[164,193,231,264],"extrema":[165],"thresholding":[168],"decide":[170],"dominant":[172],"detect":[180,238],"as":[185,214,234,266],"another":[186],"feature":[187,296,309],"articulate":[189],"humans,":[190,239],"begin":[192],"connected":[197],"components":[198],"enhanced":[200],"horizontal,":[201],"vertical":[202,318],"diagonal":[204,320],"edges":[205],"These":[209],"candidate":[210],"are":[212,330],"classified":[213],"text":[215],"or":[216],"non-text":[217],"bases":[220],"their":[222],"Local":[223,260],"Energy":[224],"Shape":[226],"(LESH)":[228],"features":[229],"combined":[230],"KL":[232],"divergence":[233],"classification":[235],"criteria.":[236],"To":[237,279],"novel":[241],"technique":[242],"has":[243],"been":[244],"that":[246],"uses":[247],"combination":[249],"Oriented":[253],"Gradients":[254],"(HOG)":[255],"Contourlet":[257,312],"transform":[258],"Binary":[261],"Patterns":[262],"(LBP)":[263],"Adaboost":[265,333],"classifier.":[267],"Initial":[268],"screening":[269],"objects":[272],"performed":[274],"HOG":[277],"features.":[278],"eliminate":[281],"false":[283],"positives":[284],"due":[285],"noise":[287],"form":[288],"background":[289],"results,":[292],"Contourlet-LBP":[295,328],"method,":[304],"extract":[306],"LBP":[308],"descriptor":[310],"transformed":[313],"high":[314],"pass":[315],"sub-images":[316],"directional":[321],"bands.":[322],"final":[325],"stage,":[326],"extracted":[327],"descriptors":[329],"applied":[331],"classification.":[335],"frame":[338],"work":[339],"showed":[340],"fairly":[341],"fine":[342],"performance":[343],"when":[344],"tested":[345],"CCTV":[348],"test":[349],"dataset.":[350]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
