{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1981711882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2004548","title":"Digitized forensics: retaining a link between physical and digital crime scene traces using QR-codes","display_name":"Digitized forensics: retaining a link between physical and digital crime scene traces using QR-codes","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1981711882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2004548","mag":"1981711882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2004548","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2004548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103404437","display_name":"Mario Hildebrandt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mario Hildebrandt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg (Germany)","Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050382337","display_name":"Stefan Kiltz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Kiltz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg (Germany)","Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033843025","display_name":"Jana Dittmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jana Dittmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg (Germany)","Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otto-von-Guericke-Univ. Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103404437"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.809,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81325924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8667","issue":null,"first_page":"86670S","last_page":"86670S"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9815999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7681586146354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.7072131633758545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitization","display_name":"Digitization","score":0.6593348979949951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-forensics","display_name":"Digital forensics","score":0.5318294167518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.529179036617279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.5267512202262878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.49641090631484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-scene","display_name":"Crime scene","score":0.4921054244041443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4551926851272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barcode","display_name":"Barcode","score":0.4460495412349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.326717734336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.32423415780067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18973302841186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.170561283826828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.15003404021263123}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7681586146354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7072131633758545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779308522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843958","display_name":"Digitization","level":2,"score":0.6593348979949951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84418412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246940","display_name":"Digital forensics","level":2,"score":0.5318294167518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.529179036617279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.5267512202262878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.49641090631484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171906077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1360677","display_name":"Crime scene","level":2,"score":0.4921054244041443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4551926851272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776841711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856","display_name":"Barcode","level":2,"score":0.4460495412349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.326717734336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.32423415780067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18973302841186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.170561283826828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.15003404021263123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2004548","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2004548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2386617545","https://openalex.org/W4238226808","https://openalex.org/W1971764700","https://openalex.org/W4378363639","https://openalex.org/W2384163825","https://openalex.org/W2369904089","https://openalex.org/W2113856930","https://openalex.org/W2145109049","https://openalex.org/W93745046","https://openalex.org/W2096127821"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"digitization":[1],"of":[2,21,31,46,90,115,117,119,133,140,168,185,194,208,225,236,249,258,274,287],"physical":[3,76,92,210,218],"traces":[4],"from":[5,216],"crime":[6],"scenes":[7],"in":[8,11,111],"forensic":[9,142,174],"investigations":[10],"effect":[12],"creates":[13],"a":[14,23,69,87,134,138,147,173,199,202],"digital":[15,80,96,170,221,280],"chain-of-custody":[16,215],"and":[17,48,78,102,122,137,233,254],"entrains":[18],"the":[19,26,32,42,58,61,72,75,106,112,126,141,166,169,186,195,206,209,214,217,220,226,231,234,242,265,288],"challenge":[20,70],"creating":[22],"link":[24],"between":[25,74],"two":[27,43],"or":[28],"more":[29],"representations":[30],"same":[33],"trace.":[34],"In":[35,82],"order":[36],"to":[37,51,60,67,149,212,219,271],"be":[38,52,68],"forensically":[39,155],"sound,":[40],"especially":[41],"security":[44],"aspects":[45],"integrity":[47],"authenticity":[49,62],"need":[50],"maintained":[53],"at":[54,71],"all":[55],"times.":[56],"Especially":[57],"adherence":[59],"using":[63,98,198,261],"technical":[64],"means":[65,148],"proves":[66],"boundary":[73],"object":[77],"its":[79,95,237,246],"representations.":[81],"this":[83],"article":[84],"we":[85,144],"propose":[86],"new":[88],"method":[89],"linking":[91],"objects":[93],"with":[94],"counterparts":[97],"two-dimensional":[99],"bar":[100,135,243],"codes":[101],"additional":[103],"meta-data":[104],"accompanying":[105],"acquired":[107],"data":[108,260],"for":[109,205,283],"integration":[110],"conventional":[113],"documentation":[114],"collection":[116],"items":[118],"evidence":[120],"(bagging":[121],"tagging":[123],"process).":[124],"Using":[125],"exemplary":[127,192],"chosen":[128],"QR-code":[129],"as":[130,158,172,201],"particular":[131],"implementation":[132],"code":[136,244],"model":[139],"process,":[143],"also":[145],"supply":[146],"integrate":[150],"our":[151,278],"suggested":[152,196],"approach":[153,197],"into":[154],"sound":[156],"proceedings":[157],"described":[159],"by":[160,182],"Holder":[161],"et":[162],"al.<sup>1</sup>":[163],"We":[164,189,239],"use":[165],"example":[167],"dactyloscopy":[171],"discipline,":[175],"where":[176],"currently":[177],"progress":[178],"is":[179,228],"being":[180],"made":[181],"digitizing":[183],"some":[184],"processing":[187],"steps.":[188],"show":[190],"an":[191],"demonstrator":[193,227],"smartphone":[200],"mobile":[203],"device":[204],"verification":[207,235],"trace":[211],"extend":[213],"domain.":[222],"Our":[223],"evaluation":[224],"performed":[229],"towards":[230],"readability":[232],"contents.":[238],"can":[240],"read":[241],"despite":[245],"limited":[247],"size":[248],"42":[250,252],"x":[251],"mm":[253],"rather":[255],"large":[256],"amount":[257],"embedded":[259,289],"various":[262],"devices.":[263],"Furthermore,":[264],"QR-code's":[266],"error":[267],"correction":[268],"features":[269],"help":[270],"recover":[272],"contents":[273],"damaged":[275],"codes.":[276],"Subsequently,":[277],"appended":[279],"signature":[281],"allows":[282],"detecting":[284],"malicious":[285],"manipulations":[286],"data.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
