{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2003830783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3456695","title":"Comparative study of background subtraction algorithms","display_name":"Comparative study of background subtraction algorithms","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2003830783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3456695","mag":"2003830783"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/1.3456695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3456695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158511090","display_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"1017-9909","issn":["1017-9909","1560-229X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://inria.hal.science/inria-00545478","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pierre-Marc Jodoin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19370010","display_name":"Orange (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/035j0tq82","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]}],"countries":["CA","FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pierre-Marc Jodoin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. de Sherbrooke (Canada)","Orange Labs R&D [Rennes]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. de Sherbrooke (Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Labs R&D [Rennes]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807","https://openalex.org/I19370010"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.9439,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":325,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98932995,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"3","first_page":"033003","last_page":"033003"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-subtraction","display_name":"Background subtraction","score":0.8049243688583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7726390361785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.7024202346801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6480194330215454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6225951313972473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5736312866210938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreground-detection","display_name":"Foreground detection","score":0.545799970626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.5417119264602661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subtraction","display_name":"Subtraction","score":0.48759666085243225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4874753952026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.44651758670806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4428541362285614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.39134642481803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3282543420791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.22929632663726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13855299353599548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.12633731961250305}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32653426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Background subtraction","level":3,"score":0.8049243688583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7726390361785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.7024202346801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6480194330215454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6225951313972473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5736312866210938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779769447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Foreground detection","level":4,"score":0.545799970626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.5417119264602661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68060419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40754","display_name":"Subtraction","level":2,"score":0.48759666085243225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4874753952026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.44651758670806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4428541362285614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39134642481803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3282543420791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.22929632663726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13855299353599548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.12633731961250305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/1.3456695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3456695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158511090","display_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"1017-9909","issn":["1017-9909","1560-229X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:inria-00545478v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/inria-00545478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging, 2010, 19, &#x27E8;10.1117/1.3456695&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:inria-00545478v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/inria-00545478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Electronic Imaging, 2010, 19, &#x27E8;10.1117/1.3456695&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15168827","https://openalex.org/W30289623","https://openalex.org/W174932778","https://openalex.org/W1499877760","https://openalex.org/W1538457345","https://openalex.org/W1573546770","https://openalex.org/W1580963329","https://openalex.org/W1917718277","https://openalex.org/W1974306404","https://openalex.org/W1986860832","https://openalex.org/W1994304612","https://openalex.org/W2007868162","https://openalex.org/W2008848982","https://openalex.org/W2049887711","https://openalex.org/W2102625004","https://openalex.org/W2114701396","https://openalex.org/W2115213191","https://openalex.org/W2116353056","https://openalex.org/W2118085247","https://openalex.org/W2118572719","https://openalex.org/W2122423951","https://openalex.org/W2125522063","https://openalex.org/W2127086959","https://openalex.org/W2128534087","https://openalex.org/W2130293653","https://openalex.org/W2140235142","https://openalex.org/W2140533423","https://openalex.org/W2141443657","https://openalex.org/W2142251840","https://openalex.org/W2143373691","https://openalex.org/W2148290050","https://openalex.org/W2151002816","https://openalex.org/W2158604775","https://openalex.org/W2160872656","https://openalex.org/W2161763247","https://openalex.org/W2538054541","https://openalex.org/W4248936881","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6679089312"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105103921","https://openalex.org/W2028059897","https://openalex.org/W2086414697","https://openalex.org/W2012314832","https://openalex.org/W2953123162","https://openalex.org/W2188430267","https://openalex.org/W4298195641","https://openalex.org/W3010714307","https://openalex.org/W1973030300","https://openalex.org/W2487439590"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"a":[2,41,84],"comparative":[3],"study":[4],"of":[5,51,70,83,97,131],"several":[6],"state-of-the-art":[7,103],"background":[8,15,115,148],"subtraction":[9,16,149],"methods.":[10,58,150],"Approaches":[11],"ranging":[12],"from":[13,102],"simple":[14],"with":[17,33],"global":[18],"thresholding":[19],"to":[20,39,45,67,125,146],"more":[21],"sophisticated":[22,141],"statistical":[23],"methods":[24,60,142],"have":[25],"been":[26],"implemented":[27,55],"and":[28,49,75,106,117],"tested":[29],"on":[30,64],"different":[31,68,108],"videos":[32,99,132],"ground":[34,44],"truth.":[35],"The":[36,59,81],"goal":[37],"is":[38],"provide":[40],"solid":[42],"analytic":[43],"underscore":[46],"the":[47,52,76,98],"strengths":[48],"weaknesses":[50],"most":[53],"widely":[54],"motion":[56],"detection":[57],"are":[61,93,143],"compared":[62,145],"based":[63],"their":[65,72],"robustness":[66],"types":[69],"video,":[71],"memory":[73],"requirements,":[74],"computational":[77],"effort":[78],"they":[79],"require.":[80],"impact":[82],"Markovian":[85],"prior":[86],"as":[87,89,111],"well":[88],"some":[90],"postprocessing":[91],"operators":[92],"also":[94,138],"evaluated.":[95],"Most":[96],"used":[100],"come":[101],"benchmark":[104],"databases":[105],"represent":[107],"challenges":[109],"such":[110],"poor":[112],"SNR,":[113],"multimodal":[114],"motion,":[116],"camera":[118],"jitter.":[119],"Overall,":[120],"we":[121],"not":[122],"only":[123],"help":[124],"better":[126,144],"understand":[127],"for":[128],"which":[129],"type":[130],"each":[133],"method":[134],"best":[135],"suits":[136],"but":[137],"estimate":[139],"how,":[140],"basic":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-05-09T13:55:54.758798","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
