{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023918310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1683825","title":"Mathematical Foundation for Modeling Conceptual Design Sketches1","display_name":"Mathematical Foundation for Modeling Conceptual Design Sketches1","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023918310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1683825","mag":"2023918310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1115/1.1683825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1683825","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173178594","display_name":"Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering","issn_l":"1530-9827","issn":["1530-9827","1944-7078"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316053","host_organization_name":"ASM International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316053"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ASM International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077949115","display_name":"Yong Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6678-271X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Y. Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve West, CB-410-16, Montreal, Quebec, Canada\u2009H3G\u20091M8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve West, CB-410-16, Montreal, Quebec, Canada\u2009H3G\u20091M8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027217681","display_name":"Ajit Pardasani","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Pardasani ,","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079448410","display_name":"John Dickinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6266-7463"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Dickinson ,","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054335854","display_name":"Z. Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Li ,","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103451748","display_name":"and H. Antunes","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Antunes , and","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079711449","display_name":"Vima Gupta","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, Canada\u2009N6G\u20094X8","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017038970","display_name":"D. Baulier","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Baulier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Valiant Machine & Tool Inc., 9355 Anchor Drive, Windsor, Ontario, Canada\u2009N8N\u20095A8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Valiant Machine & Tool Inc., 9355 Anchor Drive, Windsor, Ontario, Canada\u2009N8N\u20095A8","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077949115"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4492,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81978729,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":"150","last_page":"159"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.9829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.7975867986679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.675308883190155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6467230319976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.5219870805740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-structure","display_name":"Mathematical structure","score":0.5157961845397949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.5144453644752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4976496994495392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4872995615005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foundation","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","score":0.4568200707435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-design","display_name":"Conceptual design","score":0.44012635946273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-model","display_name":"Mathematical model","score":0.41624343395233154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4107936918735504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.38150936365127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.3412715792655945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.24836787581443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18409660458564758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.17344975471496582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16582226753234863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.14231067895889282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.7975867986679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.675308883190155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6467230319976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5219870805740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130327152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748349","display_name":"Mathematical structure","level":2,"score":0.5157961845397949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5144453644752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4976496994495392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4872995615005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.4568200707435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120208923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158435","display_name":"Conceptual design","level":2,"score":0.44012635946273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76969082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486902","display_name":"Mathematical model","level":2,"score":0.41624343395233154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4107936918735504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.38150936365127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3412715792655945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.24836787581443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18409660458564758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.17344975471496582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16582226753234863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.14231067895889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1115/1.1683825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1683825","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173178594","display_name":"Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering","issn_l":"1530-9827","issn":["1530-9827","1944-7078"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316053","host_organization_name":"ASM International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316053"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ASM International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.ca:cistinparc:20326608","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=346d4e94-3aed-4826-b04f-0ef50386a957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055245","display_name":"NPARC","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6905414","https://openalex.org/W12130484","https://openalex.org/W82911682","https://openalex.org/W614562418","https://openalex.org/W1598948633","https://openalex.org/W1966994208","https://openalex.org/W1975591482","https://openalex.org/W1978214854","https://openalex.org/W1984778821","https://openalex.org/W1991195914","https://openalex.org/W2042119491","https://openalex.org/W2048730671","https://openalex.org/W2066676451","https://openalex.org/W2067258652","https://openalex.org/W2076026709","https://openalex.org/W2076385387","https://openalex.org/W2082678411","https://openalex.org/W2101635512","https://openalex.org/W2105640325","https://openalex.org/W2124754790","https://openalex.org/W2130104241","https://openalex.org/W2138482372","https://openalex.org/W2170321477","https://openalex.org/W2485955984","https://openalex.org/W2973218851","https://openalex.org/W2993117889","https://openalex.org/W4244948936","https://openalex.org/W6601424136","https://openalex.org/W6631496868","https://openalex.org/W6655230658","https://openalex.org/W6829126956"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356246150","https://openalex.org/W2378178507","https://openalex.org/W2393375134","https://openalex.org/W2362818772","https://openalex.org/W1614479359","https://openalex.org/W2559790419","https://openalex.org/W2363432432","https://openalex.org/W2021082498","https://openalex.org/W4310508054","https://openalex.org/W307680803"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,78],"paper":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,48,105],"establish":[4],"a":[5,34,70,116],"mathematical":[6,71,79,113,139],"foundation":[7,118],"for":[8,60,119],"modeling":[9],"free-hand":[10],"design":[11,16,53,74,92,110],"sketches":[12,75,88],"throughout":[13],"the":[14,27,50,58,67,86,91,96,106,112],"conceptual":[15],"process.":[17],"Both":[18],"experimental":[19,28],"and":[20,36,83,101],"theoretical":[21,68],"approaches":[22],"are":[23,46],"used.":[24],"In":[25,65,103],"using":[26,66,137],"approach,":[29,69],"one":[30,37],"case":[31,38],"study":[32,39],"from":[33,40,131],"book":[35],"an":[41],"automobile":[42],"assembly":[43],"system":[44],"manufacturer":[45],"used":[47],"illustrate":[49],"characteristics":[51,56],"of":[52,62,73,98,109,128],"sketches.":[54],"These":[55],"provide":[57],"requirements":[59],"models":[61],"sketch":[63,122],"representation.":[64],"structure":[72,80,127],"is":[76,135],"established.":[77],"can":[81],"naturally":[82],"logically":[84],"model":[85,114],"evolving":[87],"generated":[89],"in":[90],"process,":[93],"through":[94],"integrating":[95],"strengths":[97],"set":[99],"theory":[100],"mereology.":[102],"addition":[104],"formal":[107],"representation":[108],"sketches,":[111],"provides":[115],"logical":[117],"formally":[120],"designing":[121],"interpretation":[123],"algorithms.":[124],"An":[125],"algorithmic":[126],"three-dimension":[129],"reconstruction":[130],"two-dimension":[132],"line":[133],"drawing":[134],"derived":[136],"this":[138],"model.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}