{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164521634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.70314","title":"Spatial Context\u2010Aware Weakly\u2010Supervised Transfer Learning: A Framework for Measuring the Similarity of Building Shapes","display_name":"Spatial Context\u2010Aware Weakly\u2010Supervised Transfer Learning: A Framework for Measuring the Similarity of Building Shapes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164521634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.70314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/tgis.70314","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.70314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S859791518","display_name":"Transactions in GIS","issn_l":"1361-1682","issn":["1361-1682","1467-9671"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions in GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100457246","display_name":"Haitao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1870-5570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haitao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of Geosciences  Wuhan China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1870-5570","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of Geosciences  Wuhan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069698847","display_name":"Yongyang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7421-4915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongyang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences  Wuhan China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7421-4915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences  Wuhan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100348619","display_name":"Hao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6336-8772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6336-8772","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108954018","display_name":"Liang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1546-8144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences  Wuhan China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences  Wuhan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138526988","display_name":"Zhong Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhong Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences  Wuhan China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences  Wuhan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069698847"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":3450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75670147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.2896000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.2896000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.21940000355243683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.07090000063180923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.7275999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.6366000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.48510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.47850000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.46380001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.46059998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.44449999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.7275999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6621000170707703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.6366000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5756000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.48510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.47850000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.46380001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.46059998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.44449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.31859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195816","display_name":"Transfer (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27511587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2178623","display_name":"Spatial relation","level":2,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143271835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254515","display_name":"Similitude","level":2,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2590000033378601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/tgis.70314","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.70314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S859791518","display_name":"Transactions in GIS","issn_l":"1361-1682","issn":["1361-1682","1467-9671"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions in GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4676709841","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42371454","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030669450","https://openalex.org/W2044795131","https://openalex.org/W2062280721","https://openalex.org/W2072738093","https://openalex.org/W2086936614","https://openalex.org/W2151515721","https://openalex.org/W2157007857","https://openalex.org/W2414757501","https://openalex.org/W2487757732","https://openalex.org/W2725662388","https://openalex.org/W2791932142","https://openalex.org/W2807567209","https://openalex.org/W3028003245","https://openalex.org/W3046442394","https://openalex.org/W3083893231","https://openalex.org/W3158213297","https://openalex.org/W4214540058","https://openalex.org/W4220748468","https://openalex.org/W4230486572","https://openalex.org/W4377024066","https://openalex.org/W4383345515","https://openalex.org/W4386602361","https://openalex.org/W4387879023","https://openalex.org/W4388845889","https://openalex.org/W4390913831","https://openalex.org/W4391448302","https://openalex.org/W4396954215","https://openalex.org/W4404249773","https://openalex.org/W4404461835"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Building":[1],"shape":[2,114,125],"similarity":[3],"measurement":[4],"plays":[5],"a":[6,51,80,119],"crucial":[7],"role":[8],"in":[9,111],"geospatial":[10],"applications.":[11],"However,":[12],"this":[13],"task":[14],"remains":[15],"challenging":[16],"because":[17],"hand\u2010crafted":[18],"geometric":[19,75],"encodings":[20],"struggle":[21],"to":[22,68,90],"capture":[23,69],"the":[24,128],"full":[25],"complexity":[26],"of":[27,130,138],"irregular":[28],"building":[29,113],"shapes.":[30],"Spatial":[31,52],"heterogeneity":[32],"across":[33],"regions":[34],"undermines":[35],"adaptability.":[36,102],"Fully":[37],"supervised":[38],"approaches":[39,110],"rely":[40],"heavily":[41],"on":[42,96],"annotated":[43],"datasets.":[44],"To":[45],"address":[46],"these":[47],"limitations,":[48],"we":[49],"propose":[50],"Context\u2010aware":[53],"Weakly\u2010supervised":[54],"Transfer":[55],"learning":[56],"(SCWT)":[57],"framework.":[58],"SCWT":[59,107],"synergizes":[60],"context\u2010enhanced":[61],"multi\u2010view":[62],"contour":[63],"features":[64],"with":[65],"multi\u2010scale":[66],"encoding":[67],"per\u2010vertex":[70],"spatial":[71,139],"contexts":[72],"and":[73,121,134],"global":[74],"semantics.":[76],"Crucially,":[77],"it":[78],"introduces":[79],"weakly\u2010supervised":[81],"paradigm":[82],"that":[83,106],"transfers":[84],"knowledge":[85],"from":[86],"labeled":[87],"simple":[88],"shapes":[89],"complex":[91],"ones,":[92],"significantly":[93],"reducing":[94],"reliance":[95],"manual":[97],"annotation":[98],"while":[99],"enhancing":[100],"cross\u2010regional":[101,131],"Experimental":[103],"results":[104],"demonstrate":[105],"outperforms":[108],"existing":[109],"measuring":[112],"similarity.":[115],"This":[116],"framework":[117],"offers":[118],"robust":[120],"scalable":[122],"solution":[123],"for":[124],"analyses,":[126],"advancing":[127],"automation":[129],"cartographic":[132],"tasks":[133],"enabling":[135],"intelligent":[136],"integration":[137],"data.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:17:32.689207","created_date":"2026-06-13T00:00:00"}
