{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2404141049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12207","title":"A Review of Sampling Effects and Response Bias in Internet Participatory Mapping (PPGIS/PGIS/VGI)","display_name":"A Review of Sampling Effects and Response Bias in Internet Participatory Mapping (PPGIS/PGIS/VGI)","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2404141049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12207","mag":"2404141049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/tgis.12207","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12207","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/tgis.12207","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S859791518","display_name":"Transactions in GIS","issn_l":"1361-1682","issn":["1361-1682","1467-9671"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions in GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/tgis.12207","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051442897","display_name":"Greg Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-4619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Greg Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Queensland Brisbane","University of Queensland, Brisbane"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Queensland Brisbane","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Queensland, Brisbane","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051442897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"],"apc_list":{"value":3450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":66.004,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":183,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99894459,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"39","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volunteered-geographic-information","display_name":"Volunteered geographic information","score":0.8544673323631287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-participation-gis","display_name":"Public participation GIS","score":0.7772561311721802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/participatory-gis","display_name":"Participatory GIS","score":0.6226298809051514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-science","display_name":"Citizen science","score":0.5332968235015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proxy","display_name":"Proxy (statistics)","score":0.5211777091026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-information-system","display_name":"Geographic information system","score":0.5078099370002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4779927134513855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.4667065143585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.46435216069221497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.4284452199935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-participation","display_name":"Public participation","score":0.41216203570365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.36000484228134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3539690673351288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-journalism","display_name":"Citizen journalism","score":0.32715925574302673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.21697160601615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.2084510326385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gis-and-public-health","display_name":"GIS and public health","score":0.17323711514472961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.1271946132183075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.10190418362617493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.08556053042411804}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57380593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933625","display_name":"Volunteered geographic information","level":2,"score":0.8544673323631287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56404659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140441","display_name":"Public participation GIS","level":4,"score":0.7772561311721802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33741171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140441","display_name":"Participatory GIS","level":3,"score":0.6226298809051514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197352329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093434","display_name":"Citizen science","level":2,"score":0.5332968235015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780148112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432581","display_name":"Proxy (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5211777091026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.5078099370002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4779927134513855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.4667065143585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.46435216069221497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.4284452199935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777976496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541936","display_name":"Public participation","level":2,"score":0.41216203570365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.36000484228134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3539690673351288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203663800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848979","display_name":"Citizen journalism","level":2,"score":0.32715925574302673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.21697160601615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.2084510326385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104345477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5513523","display_name":"GIS and public health","level":3,"score":0.17323711514472961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1271946132183075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.10190418362617493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.08556053042411804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/tgis.12207","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12207","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/tgis.12207","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S859791518","display_name":"Transactions in GIS","issn_l":"1361-1682","issn":["1361-1682","1467-9671"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions in GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace.library.uq.edu.au:UQ:399114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402388","display_name":"Queensland's institutional digital repository (The University of Queensland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","host_organization_name":"The University of Queensland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/tgis.12207","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12207","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/tgis.12207","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S859791518","display_name":"Transactions in GIS","issn_l":"1361-1682","issn":["1361-1682","1467-9671"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions in GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24811941","https://openalex.org/W188488101","https://openalex.org/W266702687","https://openalex.org/W407471034","https://openalex.org/W576099695","https://openalex.org/W973231481","https://openalex.org/W1162855717","https://openalex.org/W1209234837","https://openalex.org/W1581541037","https://openalex.org/W1783273783","https://openalex.org/W1874733294","https://openalex.org/W1892114135","https://openalex.org/W1964948027","https://openalex.org/W1987349636","https://openalex.org/W2007211599","https://openalex.org/W2008515050","https://openalex.org/W2010398643","https://openalex.org/W2012021896","https://openalex.org/W2013621326","https://openalex.org/W2027275578","https://openalex.org/W2027658358","https://openalex.org/W2031715202","https://openalex.org/W2063935068","https://openalex.org/W2070542113","https://openalex.org/W2072339499","https://openalex.org/W2080799620","https://openalex.org/W2090135856","https://openalex.org/W2096111146","https://openalex.org/W2099504029","https://openalex.org/W2099507098","https://openalex.org/W2101598151","https://openalex.org/W2104935957","https://openalex.org/W2117810730","https://openalex.org/W2117934501","https://openalex.org/W2122895493","https://openalex.org/W2127079596","https://openalex.org/W2129037118","https://openalex.org/W2136483563","https://openalex.org/W2138534101","https://openalex.org/W2152623314","https://openalex.org/W2152673624","https://openalex.org/W2154529659","https://openalex.org/W2158170766","https://openalex.org/W2162084786","https://openalex.org/W2164811385","https://openalex.org/W2164933298","https://openalex.org/W2266517593","https://openalex.org/W2549412929","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080799620","https://openalex.org/W2942283335","https://openalex.org/W104314947","https://openalex.org/W3037883791","https://openalex.org/W2130978059","https://openalex.org/W2952042968","https://openalex.org/W2005975109","https://openalex.org/W213572128","https://openalex.org/W1906166460","https://openalex.org/W2061348845"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Global":[1],"interest":[2],"in":[3,114,133],"participatory":[4,12],"mapping":[5,61,84,92,131],"described":[6],"as":[7,63,197],"public":[8,191],"participation":[9],"GIS":[10,13],"(PPGIS),":[11],"(PGIS),":[14],"and":[15,30,40,79,141,185],"volunteered":[16],"geographic":[17],"information":[18],"(VGI)":[19],"continues":[20],"to":[21,52,122,138,192,200],"grow,":[22],"but":[23,163],"systematic":[24],"study":[25],"of":[26,42,81,106,125,155,189],"spatial":[27,68,151,165,182],"data":[28,69,166],"quality":[29],"sampling":[31,73,95,115,135,174],"effects":[32,146],"is":[33,88],"limited.":[34],"This":[35],"article":[36],"provides":[37,159],"a":[38,64,198],"review":[39],"meta\u2010analysis":[41],"Internet\u2010based":[43],"PPGIS":[44,82,108],"studies":[45],"conducted":[46],"during":[47],"the":[48,54,77,89,99,104,123,126,187,190],"period":[49],"2006\u20132015":[50],"(n=26)":[51],"answer":[53],"following":[55],"research":[56,169],"questions:":[57],"(1)":[58],"How":[59],"does":[60],"effort,":[62],"proxy":[65],"measure":[66],"for":[67,91],"quality,":[70],"differ":[71],"by":[72],"group?":[74],"(2)":[75],"Does":[76],"purpose":[78,124],"context":[80],"influence":[83],"results?":[85],"(3)":[86],"What":[87],"potential":[90],"bias":[93],"through":[94,150],"design?":[96],"(4)":[97],"Given":[98],"results,":[100],"what":[101],"should":[102,170],"be":[103],"focus":[105,171],"future":[107],"research?":[109],"Mapping":[110],"effort":[111,132],"was":[112,129],"highest":[113],"groups":[116,136],"whose":[117],"livelihoods":[118],"were":[119],"closely":[120],"related":[121],"study,":[127],"there":[128],"greater":[130],"household":[134],"compared":[137],"volunteer":[139],"groups,":[140],"participant":[142],"domicile":[143],"had":[144],"strong":[145],"on":[147,172],"mapped":[148],"results":[149],"discounting.":[152],"The":[153],"use":[154,195],"online":[156],"Internet":[157],"panels":[158],"higher":[160],"response":[161,175],"rates":[162],"lower":[164],"quality.":[167],"Future":[168],"increasing":[173],"rates,":[176],"assessing":[177],"social":[178],"trade\u2010offs":[179],"using":[180],"alternative":[181],"weighting":[183],"schemes,":[184],"examining":[186],"capacity":[188],"select":[193],"land":[194],"alternatives":[196],"complement":[199],"traditional":[201],"expert\u2010driven":[202],"planning":[203],"systems.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
