{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160073315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.70388","title":"Skeletal\u2010Driven Animation of Anatomical Humans via Neural Deformation Gradients","display_name":"Skeletal\u2010Driven Animation of Anatomical Humans via Neural Deformation Gradients","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160073315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.70388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/cgf.70388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.70388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.70388","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135273945","display_name":"G. Nolte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I283854653","display_name":"Machine Intelligence Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01h4ass90","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I283854653"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Nolte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Graphics Group, TU Dortmund University  Germany","Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence  Dortmund Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Graphics Group, TU Dortmund University  Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence  Dortmund Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I283854653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135128815","display_name":"F. Kemper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0303-417X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I283854653","display_name":"Machine Intelligence Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01h4ass90","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I283854653"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Kemper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Graphics Group, TU Dortmund University  Germany","Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence  Dortmund Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0303-417X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Graphics Group, TU Dortmund University  Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence  Dortmund Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I283854653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135119941","display_name":"U. Schwanecke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0093-3922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4829542","display_name":"RheinMain University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0378gm372","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4829542"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. Schwanecke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Vision and Mixed Reality Group, RheinMain University of Applied Sciences  Wiesbaden Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0093-3922","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Vision and Mixed Reality Group, RheinMain University of Applied Sciences  Wiesbaden Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4829542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059027476","display_name":"M. Botsch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I283854653","display_name":"Machine Intelligence Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01h4ass90","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I283854653"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Botsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Graphics Group, TU Dortmund University  Germany","Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence  Dortmund Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9954-120X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Graphics Group, TU Dortmund University  Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence  Dortmund Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I283854653"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3710},"apc_paid":{"value":3710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3710},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5453553,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.8270000219345093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.8270000219345093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.09640000015497208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11984","display_name":"Anatomy and Medical Technology","score":0.017400000244379044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skinning","display_name":"Skinning","score":0.8934999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.76419997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-animation","display_name":"Computer animation","score":0.5058000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-facial-animation","display_name":"Computer facial animation","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4133000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertex","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.3840000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777685762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780654","display_name":"Skinning","level":2,"score":0.8934999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.76419997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6978999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5974000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5838000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.546500027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.5058000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138591656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157538","display_name":"Computer facial animation","level":4,"score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4133000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31487907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154597","display_name":"Polygon mesh","level":2,"score":0.36959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.34950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90697248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062896","display_name":"Character animation","level":4,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200288055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621792","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","level":2,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44710944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813564","display_name":"Skeletal animation","level":5,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7305733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207961","display_name":"Geometric shape","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/cgf.70388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.70388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/cgf.70388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.70388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1943191679","https://openalex.org/W1944448249","https://openalex.org/W1955920490","https://openalex.org/W1973264045","https://openalex.org/W1987488862","https://openalex.org/W1989191365","https://openalex.org/W1993962870","https://openalex.org/W2024395588","https://openalex.org/W2055174129","https://openalex.org/W2058544403","https://openalex.org/W2083375791","https://openalex.org/W2090782210","https://openalex.org/W2119878875","https://openalex.org/W2122007052","https://openalex.org/W2132836675","https://openalex.org/W2159043019","https://openalex.org/W2169055648","https://openalex.org/W2552452848","https://openalex.org/W2611594503","https://openalex.org/W2758291394","https://openalex.org/W2791693147","https://openalex.org/W2807322707","https://openalex.org/W2883574771","https://openalex.org/W2900674470","https://openalex.org/W2914191128","https://openalex.org/W2962928839","https://openalex.org/W2965639322","https://openalex.org/W2971856312","https://openalex.org/W2993076031","https://openalex.org/W3014180350","https://openalex.org/W3017654185","https://openalex.org/W3035581100","https://openalex.org/W3049071662","https://openalex.org/W3088186989","https://openalex.org/W3128187920","https://openalex.org/W3160035517","https://openalex.org/W3178713097","https://openalex.org/W4231929753","https://openalex.org/W4385536531","https://openalex.org/W4386076086","https://openalex.org/W4388007690","https://openalex.org/W4396512549","https://openalex.org/W4413131948"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Most":[1],"real\u2010time":[2],"animation":[3,123],"techniques":[4],"for":[5,63],"digital":[6],"humans":[7],"are":[8,19,59],"limited":[9],"to":[10,75,91],"deforming":[11],"the":[12,38,45],"outer":[13,39],"skin":[14,128],"surface.":[15],"Geometric":[16],"skinning":[17],"methods":[18],"highly":[20],"efficient":[21],"but":[22,58],"struggle":[23],"with":[24,37],"artifacts":[25,92],"such":[26,93],"as":[27,94],"collapsing":[28],"joints":[29],"or":[30,97],"self\u2010intersections":[31],"when":[32],"animating":[33],"inner":[34],"anatomy":[35],"along":[36],"skin.":[40],"Volumetric":[41],"physics\u2010based":[42],"simulations,":[43,107],"on":[44,103],"other":[46],"hand,":[47],"naturally":[48,89],"resolve":[49],"these":[50],"issues":[51],"by":[52,70],"coordinating":[53],"bones,":[54,125],"muscles,":[55,126],"and":[56,114,120,127],"skin,":[57],"far":[60],"too":[61],"slow":[62],"interactive":[64,130],"use.":[65],"We":[66],"solve":[67],"this":[68],"problem":[69],"training":[71],"a":[72],"neural":[73],"network":[74],"predict":[76],"deformation":[77,80],"gradients.":[78],"Learning":[79],"gradients":[81],"instead":[82],"of":[83,124],"vertex":[84],"displacements":[85],"makes":[86],"our":[87],"method":[88],"robust":[90],"element":[95,106],"inversion":[96],"volume":[98],"deviation.":[99],"Our":[100],"model,":[101],"trained":[102],"high\u2010quality":[104],"finite":[105],"generalizes":[108],"well":[109],"across":[110],"diverse":[111],"body":[112],"shapes":[113],"poses.":[115],"This":[116],"enables":[117],"anatomically":[118],"consistent":[119],"physically":[121],"grounded":[122],"at":[129],"frame":[131],"rates.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T08:10:14.011955","created_date":"2026-05-05T00:00:00"}