{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014642597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1130299","title":"Area Sampling Buffer: Tracing Rays with Z\u2010Buffer Hardware","display_name":"Area Sampling Buffer: Tracing Rays with Z\u2010Buffer Hardware","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014642597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1130299","mag":"2014642597"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-8659.1130299","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1130299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053028556","display_name":"Kelvin Sung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1202-6086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kelvin Sung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deptartment of Computer Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Email: ksung@cs.uiuc.edu"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deptartment of Computer Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Email: ksung@cs.uiuc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053028556"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":{"value":3710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6647,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68581818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"299","last_page":"310"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12923","display_name":"Digital Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8080469369888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.7281221747398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buffer","display_name":"Buffer (optical fiber)","score":0.7256342172622681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.7097652554512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.6420426368713379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5662141442298889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-ray-tracing","display_name":"Distributed ray tracing","score":0.5182835459709167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.4750521183013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.45269328355789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.44359642267227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3371794521808624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.22837239503860474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09505090117454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08619934320449829}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8080469369888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7281221747398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145018004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4985944","display_name":"Buffer (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.7256342172622681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.7097652554512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.6420426368713379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5662141442298889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82744980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951513","display_name":"Distributed ray tracing","level":3,"score":0.5182835459709167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4750521183013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.45269328355789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.44359642267227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3371794521808624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.22837239503860474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09505090117454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08619934320449829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-8659.1130299","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1130299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790684390","https://openalex.org/W2043557177","https://openalex.org/W3163067707","https://openalex.org/W2012819262","https://openalex.org/W2030301809","https://openalex.org/W3014571735","https://openalex.org/W2362326179","https://openalex.org/W2782715206","https://openalex.org/W2159421682","https://openalex.org/W2349351862"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"An":[1],"algorithm":[2],"that":[3],"allows":[4],"the":[5,28,44],"use":[6],"of":[7,43],"z\u2010buffer":[8],"hardware":[9],"in":[10,26],"assisting":[11],"area":[12,30,34],"sampling":[13,29],"for":[14],"a":[15],"ray":[16,46],"tracing":[17,47],"style":[18],"renderer":[19],"is":[20],"described.":[21],"The":[22,41],"implementation":[23],"issues":[24],"involved":[25],"discretizing":[27],"and":[31,37,52],"light":[32],"source":[33],"are":[35,39,56],"discussed":[36],"solutions":[38],"proposed.":[40],"effects":[42],"hardware\u2010assisted":[45],"approach":[48],"on":[49],"frame\u2010buffer":[50],"systems":[51],"image":[53],"synthesis":[54],"processes":[55],"considered.":[57]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}