{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2021167986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1030209","title":"The GKS Input Model in M anifold","display_name":"The GKS Input Model in M anifold","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2021167986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1030209","mag":"2021167986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-8659.1030209","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1030209","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082652716","display_name":"Dirk Soede","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Soede","raw_affiliation_strings":["CWI\n Department of Interactive Systems\n P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\n The Netherlands","CWI\u2028 Department of Interactive Systems\u2028 P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\u2028 The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CWI\n Department of Interactive Systems\n P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\n The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CWI\u2028 Department of Interactive Systems\u2028 P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\u2028 The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082262382","display_name":"Farhad Arbab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2853-3987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farhad Arbab","raw_affiliation_strings":["CWI\n Department of Interactive Systems\n P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\n The Netherlands","CWI\u2028 Department of Interactive Systems\u2028 P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\u2028 The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CWI\n Department of Interactive Systems\n P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\n The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CWI\u2028 Department of Interactive Systems\u2028 P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\u2028 The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091459619","display_name":"Iv\u00e1n Herman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0782-2704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Herman","raw_affiliation_strings":["CWI\n Department of Interactive Systems\n P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\n The Netherlands","CWI\u2028 Department of Interactive Systems\u2028 P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\u2028 The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CWI\n Department of Interactive Systems\n P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\n The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CWI\u2028 Department of Interactive Systems\u2028 P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\u2028 The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035972954","display_name":"Paul J. W. ten Hagen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul J. W. Ten Hagen","raw_affiliation_strings":["CWI\n Department of Interactive Systems\n P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\n The Netherlands","CWI\u2028 Department of Interactive Systems\u2028 P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\u2028 The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CWI\n Department of Interactive Systems\n P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\n The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CWI\u2028 Department of Interactive Systems\u2028 P. O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam\u2028 The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"],"apc_list":{"value":3710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4491,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83731641,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"209","last_page":"224"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9793000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9793000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12720","display_name":"Multimedia Communication and Technology","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9452000260353088,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8519387245178223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.7046359181404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.6011175513267517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.48517757654190063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.4736165702342987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4712410569190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3227589726448059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.20766818523406982}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8519387245178223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.7046359181404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.6011175513267517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.48517757654190063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.4736165702342987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4712410569190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3227589726448059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.20766818523406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-8659.1030209","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1030209","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378076731","https://openalex.org/W2371138613","https://openalex.org/W4286888643","https://openalex.org/W2048963458","https://openalex.org/W3210795196","https://openalex.org/W43109613","https://openalex.org/W2359952343","https://openalex.org/W2080152487","https://openalex.org/W2061430247","https://openalex.org/W2066343225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,20],"describes":[2],"the":[3,6,15,26,31,39,42,81,84,90,116,121,177],"specification":[4,175],"of":[5,14,41,80,83,86,93,106,112,123,141,169,176],"GKS":[7,32,62,178],"input":[8,33,63,179,191],"model":[9,64,180],"in":[10,18,57,98,136],"Manifold.":[11],"The":[12,61],"aim":[13],"work":[16],"reported":[17],"this":[19,87],"was":[21],"two\u2010fold:":[22],"first,":[23],"to":[24,37,119,150,186,200,204],"review":[25],"communication":[27,143],"patterns":[28,53],"implied":[29],"by":[30,68,139,148,154,208],"model,":[34,88],"and":[35,109,147,197,222],"second,":[36],"evaluate":[38],"suitability":[40],"Manifold":[43,127,137,161,174],"language":[44,130],"as":[45,216],"a":[46,129,163,182,217],"tool":[47,165],"for":[48,104,110,115,131,166,219,225],"defining":[49],"complex":[50],"dynamic":[51],"interaction":[52],"that":[54,160],"are":[55],"common":[56],"non\u2010trivial":[58],"user":[59,188],"interfaces.":[60],"is":[65,96,128,162,195],"also":[66],"adopted":[67],"all":[69],"more":[70,77,206],"recent":[71],"ISO":[72],"graphics":[73,125,227],"standard":[74],"documents.":[75],"A":[76],"formal":[78],"scrutiny":[79],"inter\u2010communication":[82],"components":[85],"excluding":[89],"implementation":[91],"details":[92],"their":[94],"functionality,":[95],"instructive":[97],"itself.":[99],"It":[100],"can":[101,214],"reveal":[102],"directions":[103],"improvement":[105],"its":[107,113],"shortcomings":[108],"generalization":[111],"strengths":[114],"ongoing":[117],"effort":[118],"define":[120],"functionality":[122,207],"future":[124,226],"packages.":[126,228],"describing":[132,167],"inter\u2010process":[133],"communications.":[134],"Processes":[135],"communicate":[138],"means":[140],"buffered":[142],"links":[144],"called":[145],"streams":[146],"reacting":[149],"events":[151],"raised":[152],"asynchronously":[153],"other":[155],"processes.":[156,172],"Our":[157,173],"experience":[158],"shows":[159],"promising":[164],"systems":[168],"cooperating":[170],"parallel":[171],"offers":[181],"very":[183],"flexible":[184],"way":[185],"structure":[187],"defined":[189],"logical":[190],"devices.":[192],"Furthermore,":[193],"it":[194,213],"simple":[196],"modular":[198],"enough":[199],"allow":[201],"easy":[202],"extensions":[203,221],"include":[205],"local":[209],"modifications.":[210],"As":[211],"such,":[212],"serve":[215],"basis":[218],"possible":[220],"enhancements":[223],"envisioned":[224],"1987":[229],"CR":[230],"Categories:":[231],"C.1.2,":[232],"C.1.3,":[233],"C.2.m,":[234],"D.1.3,":[235],"F.1.2,":[236],"I.1.3,":[237],"I.3.6,":[238],"I.3.4.":[239],"1885":[240],"Mathematical":[241],"Subject":[242],"Classification:":[243],"68N99,":[244],"68Q10,68U05.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
