{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997660426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1010027","title":"Integrating PHIGS and User Interface Systems","display_name":"Integrating PHIGS and User Interface Systems","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997660426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1010027","mag":"1997660426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-8659.1010027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1010027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049715535","display_name":"Jan Hardenbergh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan Hardenbergh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hewlett-Packard Company\n Graphics Technology Division\n 300 Apollo Drive\n Chelmsford, MA 01824, USA\n Email: mich@apollo.hp.com","Hewlett\u2010Packard Company  Graphics Technology Division  300 Apollo Drive  Chelmsford, MA 01824, USA  Email: mich@apollo.hp.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Company\n Graphics Technology Division\n 300 Apollo Drive\n Chelmsford, MA 01824, USA\n Email: mich@apollo.hp.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett\u2010Packard Company  Graphics Technology Division  300 Apollo Drive  Chelmsford, MA 01824, USA  Email: mich@apollo.hp.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089256186","display_name":"James C. Michener","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James Michener","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hewlett-Packard Company\n Graphics Technology Division\n 300 Apollo Drive\n Chelmsford, MA 01824, USA\n Email: mich@apollo.hp.com","Hewlett\u2010Packard Company  Graphics Technology Division  300 Apollo Drive  Chelmsford, MA 01824, USA  Email: mich@apollo.hp.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Company\n Graphics Technology Division\n 300 Apollo Drive\n Chelmsford, MA 01824, USA\n Email: mich@apollo.hp.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett\u2010Packard Company  Graphics Technology Division  300 Apollo Drive  Chelmsford, MA 01824, USA  Email: mich@apollo.hp.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049715535","https://openalex.org/A5089256186"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"],"apc_list":{"value":3710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11666667,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"27","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.7577999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.7577999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.7372000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.7116000056266785,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-portability","display_name":"Software portability","score":0.7788807153701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.7299264669418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7281547784805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.5894142985343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5617997050285339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.45622095465660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.4378302991390228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.41108548641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.23507872223854065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.1104716956615448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09708991646766663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07519486546516418}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63000827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3080428","display_name":"Software portability","level":2,"score":0.7788807153701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.7299264669418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7281547784805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.5894142985343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5617997050285339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.45622095465660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4378302991390228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.41108548641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23507872223854065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.1104716956615448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09708991646766663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07519486546516418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-8659.1010027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1010027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W107105315","https://openalex.org/W4367156293","https://openalex.org/W1584537303","https://openalex.org/W4388155270","https://openalex.org/W1872724644","https://openalex.org/W2750549761","https://openalex.org/W28826848","https://openalex.org/W4383901435","https://openalex.org/W1649706580","https://openalex.org/W3195608031"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"past":[1],"five":[2],"years":[3],"has":[4],"seen":[5],"an":[6,19,92],"explosion":[7],"of":[8,40],"rich":[9],"and":[10,16,18,50,80,129],"effective":[11],"user":[12,63,84,100],"interface":[13,64,85,101],"management":[14],"systems":[15],"toolkits":[17],"increase":[20],"in":[21,37,70,104,110],"the":[22,31,38,122],"expectations":[23],"regarding":[24],"application":[25,74,93],"portability.":[26],"Nearly":[27],"a":[28,48,83,99],"decade":[29],"old,":[30],"PHIGS":[32,54,78,111,118],"input":[33,45,79,81,96],"model":[34],"is":[35],"inadequate":[36],"face":[39],"this":[41,105],"variety.":[42],"\u201cFixing":[43],"PHIGS\u201d":[44],"would":[46],"be":[47,56,68],"long":[49],"arduous":[51],"task.":[52],"Instead,":[53],"should":[55],"adapted":[57],"to":[58,87,112,115],"cooperate,":[59],"not":[60],"compete,":[61],"with":[62],"systems.":[65],"This":[66],"can":[67,75,94,119],"done":[69],"two":[71],"ways.":[72],"An":[73],"use":[76,95],"both":[77],"from":[82,98],"system":[86],"accomplish":[88],"its":[89],"goals.":[90],"Alternatively,":[91],"only":[97,117],"system,":[102],"but":[103],"case":[106],"it":[107],"needs":[108],"utilities":[109,123],"gain":[113],"access":[114],"information":[116],"supply.":[120],"Specifically":[121],"are":[124],"needed":[125],"for":[126,130],"application\u2010initiated":[127],"picking":[128],"coordinate":[131],"mapping.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T06:23:43.705686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}