{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2062602901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1010011","title":"The Formal Specification of Level la of GKS","display_name":"The Formal Specification of Level la of GKS","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2062602901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1010011","mag":"2062602901"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-8659.1010011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1010011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083603802","display_name":"L.B. Damnjanovic","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10572248","display_name":"Institut Mihajlo Pupin","ror":"https://ror.org/00jk2b778","country_code":"RS","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10572248","https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ljiljana B. Damnjanovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mihajlo Pupin Institute\n Computer Systems Department Volgina 15, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia","Mihajlo Pupin Institute\u2028 Computer Systems Department\u2028 Volgina 15, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mihajlo Pupin Institute\n Computer Systems Department Volgina 15, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10572248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mihajlo Pupin Institute\u2028 Computer Systems Department\u2028 Volgina 15, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10572248"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083603802"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10572248"],"apc_list":{"value":3710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5113,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64174733,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"11","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7976968884468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.7476445436477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-specification","display_name":"Formal specification","score":0.7016505599021912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-of-temporal-ordering-specification","display_name":"Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification","score":0.5646426677703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specification-language","display_name":"Specification language","score":0.5632665157318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.5459344983100891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refinement","display_name":"Refinement","score":0.5264749526977539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-language","display_name":"Formal language","score":0.4975018799304962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.45365679264068604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.44697344303131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.34307602047920227}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7976968884468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.7476445436477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.7016505599021912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90069079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1805432","display_name":"Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification","level":3,"score":0.5646426677703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201677973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209840","display_name":"Specification language","level":2,"score":0.5632665157318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.5459344983100891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14331664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3417382","display_name":"Refinement","level":3,"score":0.5264749526977539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146072743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192161","display_name":"Formal language","level":2,"score":0.4975018799304962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.45365679264068604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.44697344303131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.34307602047920227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1467-8659.1010011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1010011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67831204","display_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","issn_l":"0167-7055","issn":["0167-7055","1467-8659"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Graphics Forum","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034589735","https://openalex.org/W1520778375","https://openalex.org/W2347363247","https://openalex.org/W2049993111","https://openalex.org/W2119035586","https://openalex.org/W1994284435","https://openalex.org/W2089702347","https://openalex.org/W2323519609","https://openalex.org/W25224113","https://openalex.org/W2024136641"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"the":[3,17,47,53],"formal":[4,31,59],"specification":[5,19,32],"of":[6,9,12,33,37,41,50,52],"a":[7,30,34,57],"part":[8,36],"level":[10,49],"la":[11],"GKS":[13,38],"is":[14,26,40],"given":[15],"in":[16],"algebraic":[18],"language":[20],"OBJ.":[21],"It":[22],"shows":[23],"that":[24],"it":[25],"possible":[27],"to":[28],"produce":[29],"substantial":[35],"which":[39],"manageable":[42],"size":[43],"and":[44,55],"complexity":[45],"specifying":[46],"appropriate":[48],"abstraction":[51],"system":[54],"using":[56],"suitable":[58],"technique.":[60]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
