{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4252522955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.1994.717096","title":"A tutorial review of techniques for simulation optimization","display_name":"A tutorial review of techniques for simulation optimization","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4252522955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.1994.717096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsc.1994.717096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.1994.717096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608840","display_name":"Proceedings of Winter Simulation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of Winter Simulation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090098697","display_name":"M.C. Fu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M.C. Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090098697"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"149","last_page":"156"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6771371364593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6442406177520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-event-simulation","display_name":"Discrete event simulation","score":0.5306039452552795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.48037490248680115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.4747134745121002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.47357019782066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.45451661944389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-optimization","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","score":0.4339660108089447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-optimization","display_name":"Discrete optimization","score":0.4323458671569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39152318239212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.38324111700057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22924509644508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14399629831314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.11310479044914246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6771371364593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6442406177520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147203929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574814","display_name":"Discrete event simulation","level":2,"score":0.5306039452552795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.48037490248680115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.4747134745121002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.47357019782066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.45451661944389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194387892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747770","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","level":2,"score":0.4339660108089447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145671259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493786","display_name":"Discrete optimization","level":3,"score":0.4323458671569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39152318239212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.38324111700057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22924509644508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14399629831314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.11310479044914246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsc.1994.717096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.1994.717096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608840","display_name":"Proceedings of Winter Simulation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of Winter Simulation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531253382","https://openalex.org/W1593494339","https://openalex.org/W1660550978","https://openalex.org/W1965896332","https://openalex.org/W1988288472","https://openalex.org/W1989098643","https://openalex.org/W2028562471","https://openalex.org/W2042759799","https://openalex.org/W2067396148","https://openalex.org/W2068928693","https://openalex.org/W2071065813","https://openalex.org/W2073262880","https://openalex.org/W2075061201","https://openalex.org/W2094721003","https://openalex.org/W2104726827","https://openalex.org/W2108353709","https://openalex.org/W2127400694","https://openalex.org/W2127760600","https://openalex.org/W2129622660","https://openalex.org/W2235056388","https://openalex.org/W2883930003","https://openalex.org/W2970576388","https://openalex.org/W4245310239","https://openalex.org/W4249853299","https://openalex.org/W4250940238"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000978341","https://openalex.org/W2353523849","https://openalex.org/W2373704345","https://openalex.org/W2136908412","https://openalex.org/W4375949242","https://openalex.org/W1978745259","https://openalex.org/W3127438322","https://openalex.org/W4287330080","https://openalex.org/W1990112656","https://openalex.org/W2363855676"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reviews":[0],"techniques":[1,22],"for":[2,9,23],"optimizing":[3],"stochastic":[4,45],"discrete-event":[5],"systems":[6],"via":[7],"simulation,":[8],"both":[10],"discrete":[11,16],"and":[12,31,44,49,59,76],"continuous":[13,35],"parameters.":[14],"For":[15,34],"parameters,":[17,36],"we":[18,37],"focus":[19],"on":[20,54],"the":[21],"optimization":[24],"from":[25],"a":[26,73,77],"finite":[27],"set:":[28],"multiple-comparison":[29],"procedures":[30,43],"ranking-and-selection":[32],"procedures.":[33],"discuss":[38,65],"sequential":[39],"response":[40],"surface":[41],"methodology":[42],"approximation":[46],"gradient-based":[47],"procedures,":[48],"describe":[50],"gradient":[51],"estimation":[52],"based":[53],"perturbation":[55],"analysis,":[56],"likelihood":[57],"ratio":[58],"frequency":[60],"domain":[61],"experimentation.":[62],"We":[63],"then":[64],"two":[66],"applications:":[67],"an":[68],"inventory":[69],"control":[70],"problem":[71,81],"with":[72],"\"noisy\"":[74],"constraint":[75],"call":[78],"option":[79],"pricing":[80],"in":[82],"finance.":[83]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}