{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411550702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3579596","title":"On the Capacity Region of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Symbiotic Radios","display_name":"On the Capacity Region of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Symbiotic Radios","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411550702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3579596"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3579596","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3579596","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100349108","display_name":"Qianqian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9198-2358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianqian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9198-2358","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047821332","display_name":"Hu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3142-2885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3142-2885","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007832415","display_name":"Ying\u2010Chang Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-5090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Chang Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-5090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100606009","display_name":"Sumei Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-8122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, A&#x002A;STAR, Fusionopolis, Singapore","Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR,, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-8122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A&#x002A;STAR, Fusionopolis, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR,, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100653327","display_name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-3642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-3642","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042307561","display_name":"H. Vincent Poor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-131X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Vincent Poor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-131X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4626,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6409066,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"12","first_page":"10408","last_page":"10423"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9397000074386597,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9089000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5618889331817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.507904589176178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.46281373500823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36501118540763855}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5618889331817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.507904589176178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.46281373500823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36501118540763855}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3579596","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3579596","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G12265408","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022M720023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4100599404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24A20210","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4260196618","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201127","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G481716612","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECCS-2335876","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5302239810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZYGX2022J030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G565844963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022TQ0055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981513424","https://openalex.org/W1987120480","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2014449301","https://openalex.org/W2031724611","https://openalex.org/W2061646356","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2111930879","https://openalex.org/W2114739208","https://openalex.org/W2154750699","https://openalex.org/W2165943096","https://openalex.org/W2901450205","https://openalex.org/W2963135410","https://openalex.org/W2963907541","https://openalex.org/W2963918213","https://openalex.org/W2964273258","https://openalex.org/W2971589648","https://openalex.org/W2995330189","https://openalex.org/W3011830499","https://openalex.org/W3086892208","https://openalex.org/W3110989801","https://openalex.org/W3131324807","https://openalex.org/W3137708979","https://openalex.org/W3139899023","https://openalex.org/W3187053048","https://openalex.org/W3198461541","https://openalex.org/W3209406984","https://openalex.org/W4226318951","https://openalex.org/W4230959423","https://openalex.org/W4242781462","https://openalex.org/W4300840296","https://openalex.org/W4386902907","https://openalex.org/W4388624531","https://openalex.org/W4389160106","https://openalex.org/W4396941368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,107],"this":[1,73],"paper,":[2,74],"we":[3,75,109,171],"consider":[4,110],"a":[5,18,42,63,103,229],"reconfigurable":[6],"intelligent":[7],"surface":[8],"(RIS)-assisted":[9],"symbiotic":[10],"radio":[11],"(SR)":[12],"system,":[13],"where":[14,54],"an":[15,28],"RIS":[16,38,99,158],"assists":[17],"primary":[19,56,168,226,250],"transmission":[20],"by":[21,31],"passive":[22,104,114,153],"beamforming":[23],"and":[24,57,145,259],"simultaneously":[25],"acts":[26],"as":[27,159,161,276],"information":[29],"transmitter":[30,169],"periodically":[32],"adjusting":[33],"its":[34],"reflection":[35,90,105,115,126,154,264],"coefficients.":[36],"Such":[37],"functions":[39],"innately":[40],"enable":[41],"new":[43],"type":[44],"of":[45,92,113,124,176,198,204,224,248,262],"communication":[46],"channel,":[47],"called":[48],"multiplicative":[49,64],"multiple":[50],"access":[51],"channel":[52],"(M-MAC),":[53],"the":[55,68,79,83,89,94,98,119,122,125,131,136,139,143,146,152,157,162,167,173,180,184,187,196,202,205,212,216,220,225,235,240,244,249,257,260,263,269,271,279],"secondary":[58],"signals":[59],"are":[60,128,133,266],"superposed":[61],"in":[62,72],"manner.":[65],"To":[66],"pursue":[67],"fundamental":[69],"performance":[70],"limits,":[71],"focus":[76],"on":[77,201,239],"characterizing":[78],"capacity":[80,174,206,241,272],"region":[81,175,207,242,273],"for":[82,118,138,211,234,268],"RIS-assisted":[84,177],"SR":[85,178],"system.":[86],"Due":[87],"to":[88,186,278],"nature":[91],"RISs,":[93],"signal":[95,227,251],"transmitted":[96],"from":[97,183],"elements":[100],"should":[101],"satisfy":[102],"constraint.":[106],"particular,":[108],"two":[111],"types":[112],"constraints,":[116],"one":[117],"case":[120,140],"that":[121,141],"amplitudes":[123,144,258],"coefficients":[127,265],"fixed":[129],"but":[130],"phases":[132,147,261],"adjustable,":[134],"while":[135,233],"other":[137],"both":[142,256],"can":[148],"be":[149],"adjusted.":[150],"Under":[151],"constraints":[155],"at":[156,166],"well":[160],"average":[163],"power":[164],"constraint":[165],"(PTx),":[170],"characterize":[172],"when":[179,255],"direct":[181],"link":[182],"PTx":[185],"receiver":[188],"is":[189,192,208,228,252,274],"blocked.":[190],"It":[191],"observed":[193],"that:":[194],"1)":[195],"number":[197],"sum-rate-optimal":[199],"points":[200],"boundary":[203],"infinite;":[209],"2)":[210],"rate":[213,237],"pairs":[214,238],"with":[215],"maximum":[217],"sum":[218],"rate,":[219],"optimal":[221,245],"amplitude":[222,246],"distribution":[223,247],"continuous":[230],"Rayleigh":[231],"distribution,":[232],"remaining":[236],"boundary,":[243],"discrete;":[253],"3)":[254],"adjusted":[267],"RIS,":[270],"enlarged":[275],"compared":[277],"phase-adjusted-only":[280],"case.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
