{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2621092124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2017.2711925","title":"Carbon-Aware Electricity Cost Minimization for Sustainable Data Centers","display_name":"Carbon-Aware Electricity Cost Minimization for Sustainable Data Centers","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2621092124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2017.2711925","mag":"2621092124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsusc.2017.2711925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2017.2711925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221417","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","issn_l":"2377-3782","issn":["2377-3782","2377-3790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079893858","display_name":"Hui Dou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Dou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023228402","display_name":"Yong Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7682-5653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100323630","display_name":"Wei Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5149-6542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079301418","display_name":"Houbing Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-9223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84475105","display_name":"Embry\u2013Riddle Aeronautical University","ror":"https://ror.org/010jskt71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84475105"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houbing Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer, Software, and Systems Engineering, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, FL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer, Software, and Systems Engineering, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, FL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84475105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.1408,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9830557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"211","last_page":"223"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.7131363153457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6716015934944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5754808187484741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.5391886830329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.48358672857284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-tax","display_name":"Carbon tax","score":0.4609968662261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-optimization","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","score":0.4366210997104645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.19511276483535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12437620759010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1182224452495575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.09650570154190063}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.7131363153457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6716015934944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5754808187484741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.5391886830329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.48358672857284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778976125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288401","display_name":"Carbon tax","level":3,"score":0.4609968662261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101403955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6707083","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","level":5,"score":0.4366210997104645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.19511276483535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12437620759010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1182224452495575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09650570154190063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37935115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6707085","display_name":"Lyapunov redesign","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191544260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1238630","display_name":"Lyapunov exponent","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsusc.2017.2711925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2017.2711925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221417","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","issn_l":"2377-3782","issn":["2377-3782","2377-3790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2885860219","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20120201110010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336024","funder_display_name":"Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3519083991","display_name":"\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6027\u80fd\u5e72\u6270\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0e\u9694\u79bb\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61672421","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5577228587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20136118120010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336024","funder_display_name":"Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6449748969","display_name":"\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684power capping\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61272460","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336024","display_name":"Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338290","display_name":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/036266993"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528656891","https://openalex.org/W1983299021","https://openalex.org/W2005318779","https://openalex.org/W2013651314","https://openalex.org/W2018715040","https://openalex.org/W2060204338","https://openalex.org/W2064262155","https://openalex.org/W2067136487","https://openalex.org/W2092865915","https://openalex.org/W2102910133","https://openalex.org/W2111556044","https://openalex.org/W2114386613","https://openalex.org/W2116364029","https://openalex.org/W2123664494","https://openalex.org/W2124275906","https://openalex.org/W2130010548","https://openalex.org/W2136512162","https://openalex.org/W2150139096","https://openalex.org/W2382212492","https://openalex.org/W2536620281","https://openalex.org/W2587625264","https://openalex.org/W2999424480","https://openalex.org/W3150882310","https://openalex.org/W3189256173","https://openalex.org/W4231461540","https://openalex.org/W4240374930","https://openalex.org/W4253593994","https://openalex.org/W4301852635","https://openalex.org/W6631930205","https://openalex.org/W6793055136","https://openalex.org/W7072096500"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965825568","https://openalex.org/W2181472888","https://openalex.org/W2942292918","https://openalex.org/W2078131767","https://openalex.org/W3114671304","https://openalex.org/W2588285561","https://openalex.org/W3017124762","https://openalex.org/W2143154767","https://openalex.org/W2898368699","https://openalex.org/W2808315898"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,18,29,54,62,104,110,144,180],"simultaneously":[3],"power":[4],"and":[5,40,77,91,150],"cool":[6],"hundreds":[7],"of":[8,10,20,22,73,80,115,153,194],"thousands":[9],"servers,":[11],"large-scale":[12],"data":[13,47,118],"centers":[14],"usually":[15],"consume":[16],"several":[17],"tens":[19],"megawatts":[21],"electricity.":[23],"This":[24],"enormous":[25],"electricity":[26,34,38,66,86,113,148,183],"consumption":[27],"leads":[28],"considerable":[30],"concerns":[31],"in":[32],"the":[33,65,70,78,84,106,112,137,147,151,162,171,182,191],"cost":[35,114,149,184],"including":[36],"both":[37],"bills":[39],"carbon":[41,88],"tax.":[42],"To":[43,120],"achieve":[44],"a":[45,98,116],"sustainable":[46,117],"center,":[48],"many":[49],"Internet":[50],"service":[51],"providers":[52],"begin":[53],"build":[55],"their":[56],"own":[57],"on-site":[58,93],"renewable":[59,94],"energy":[60],"plants":[61],"help":[63],"reduce":[64,111,181],"cost.":[67],"However,":[68],"considering":[69],"performance":[71,152,192],"constraint":[72,193],"delay":[74,107,154,195],"tolerant":[75,108,155,196],"workloads":[76,109,156],"lack":[79],"future":[81,159],"information":[82,160],"about":[83,161],"time-varying":[85,163],"price,":[87],"emission":[89],"rate,":[90],"available":[92],"energy,":[95],"it":[96],"is":[97,142,178],"fairly":[99],"challenging":[100,123],"problem":[101],"that":[102,176],"how":[103],"schedule":[105],"center.":[119],"address":[121],"this":[122,126],"optimization":[124,139],"problem,":[125],"paper":[127],"proposes":[128],"an":[129],"online":[130],"workload":[131],"scheduling":[132],"algorithm":[133],"CECM":[134,177],"based":[135,169],"on":[136,170],"Lyapunov":[138],"framework,":[140],"which":[141],"able":[143,179],"tradeoff":[145],"between":[146],"without":[157],"any":[158],"system":[164],"states.":[165],"With":[166],"extensive":[167],"simulations":[168],"real-life":[172],"traces,":[173],"we":[174],"show":[175],"by":[185],"9.26":[186],"percent,":[187],"while":[188],"still":[189],"guaranteeing":[190],"workloads.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
