{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1989987793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1986.4767857","title":"A Method for the Analysis of Ambiguous Segmentations of Images","display_name":"A Method for the Analysis of Ambiguous Segmentations of Images","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1989987793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1986.4767857","mag":"1989987793","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21869371"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.1986.4767857","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1986.4767857","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043413140","display_name":"Fernando A. Mota","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80849659","display_name":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais","ror":"https://ror.org/04xbn6x09","country_code":"BR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151455","https://openalex.org/I80849659"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fernando A. Mota","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, C. P. 515, 12200, S. J. Campos, SP, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, C. P. 515, 12200, S. J. Campos, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80849659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026298407","display_name":"F. R. D. Velasco","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142271","display_name":"Wan Fang Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/058y0nn10","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142271"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Flavio Roberto D. Velasco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wang Institute of Graduate Studies, Tyngsboro, MA, USA","Wang Institute of Graduate Studies, Tyngs-boro, MA 01879"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wang Institute of Graduate Studies, Tyngsboro, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wang Institute of Graduate Studies, Tyngs-boro, MA 01879","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142271"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043413140"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80849659"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6078,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70133561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"PAMI-8","issue":"6","first_page":"755","last_page":"760"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.7414678335189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backtracking","display_name":"Backtracking","score":0.7011858224868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6612310409545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.6394911408424377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6298989057540894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6219993233680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.5950764417648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.5940495133399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5850275158882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterated-function","display_name":"Iterated function","score":0.5835378170013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5542084574699402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.483803927898407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4119374752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3885115385055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34920671582221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2976336181163788}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.7414678335189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156884757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798554","display_name":"Backtracking","level":2,"score":0.7011858224868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6612310409545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6394911408424377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6298989057540894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6219993233680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.5950764417648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5940495133399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5850275158882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140479938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5254619","display_name":"Iterated function","level":2,"score":0.5835378170013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5542084574699402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.483803927898407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4119374752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3885115385055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34920671582221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2976336181163788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpami.1986.4767857","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpami.1986.4767857","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199944782","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","issn_l":"0162-8828","issn":["0162-8828","1939-3539","2160-9292"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21869371","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21869371","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966730534","https://openalex.org/W1978985798","https://openalex.org/W1979622972","https://openalex.org/W2091093248","https://openalex.org/W4244152159"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2760348722","https://openalex.org/W2783885583","https://openalex.org/W2120095724","https://openalex.org/W2368326437","https://openalex.org/W1631221657","https://openalex.org/W2357479099","https://openalex.org/W2364309619","https://openalex.org/W2371864976","https://openalex.org/W2391415040","https://openalex.org/W1999664839"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,51,76,109,146],"this":[1,65,110,147],"correspondence":[2],"we":[3,55],"are":[4,96,107],"interested":[5],"in":[6,21,128],"how":[7],"interpretation":[8],"and":[9,156,173],"context":[10],"restrictions":[11],"can":[12,34,67,140,184],"guide":[13],"the":[14,52,80,157,166],"analysis":[15],"of":[16,19,64,72,85,165,171],"ambiguous":[17,125,144],"segmentations":[18,121,172],"images":[20],"computer":[22],"vision":[23],"systems.":[24],"The":[25,163],"final":[26],"objective":[27],"is":[28,101,115,137,151,154,160,168,176],"to":[29,48,88,143],"find":[30],"image":[31],"segments":[32,87],"that":[33,39,54,117,139,175,181],"be":[35,68,141,185],"interpreted":[36],"(classified)":[37],"such":[38],"their":[40],"interpretations":[41,46,174],"do":[42],"not":[43],"conflict":[44],"with":[45],"given":[47],"related":[49,86],"segments.":[50],"case":[53,183],"have":[56,92],"several":[57],"possible":[58,120],"labels":[59,106],"for":[60],"each":[61,182],"segment,":[62],"some":[63],"ambiguity":[66,153],"reduced":[69],"by":[70],"means":[71],"a":[73,112,169],"relaxation":[74,81,131,135],"process.":[75,132],"its":[77],"discrete":[78],"formulation,":[79],"operator":[82,136],"examines":[83],"pairs":[84],"see":[89],"if":[90],"they":[91],"incompatible":[93],"labels,":[94],"which":[95],"then":[97],"discarded.":[98],"This":[99],"process":[100,167],"iterated":[102],"until":[103],"only":[104,129],"compatible":[105],"left.":[108],"work":[111],"new":[113,134],"approach":[114],"proposed":[116],"considers":[118],"all":[119],"resulting":[122],"from":[123],"an":[124],"segmentation":[126],"simultaneously":[127],"one":[130],"A":[133],"defined":[138],"applied":[142],"segmentations.":[145],"way":[148],"no":[149],"backtracking":[150],"performed,":[152],"reduced,":[155],"best":[158],"solution":[159],"still":[161],"retained.":[162],"output":[164],"collection":[170],"hopefully":[177],"small":[178],"enough":[179],"so":[180],"considered":[186],"separately.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
