{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386824782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3311016","title":"The Model of Ship Navigation Risk Field for Risk Assessment of Icebreaker Convoy Operations","display_name":"The Model of Ship Navigation Risk Field for Risk Assessment of Icebreaker Convoy Operations","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386824782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3311016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3311016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3311016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033688213","display_name":"Di Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8790-9206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134540","display_name":"China Ocean Shipping (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/044gm0487","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134540"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Di Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety and School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","Academician Workstation of COSCO SHIPPING Group, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8790-9206","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety and School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academician Workstation of COSCO SHIPPING Group, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005147082","display_name":"J.W. Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5494-6726"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiru Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, the State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety, and the School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5494-6726","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, the State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety, and the School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009804747","display_name":"Da Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4898-5203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134540","display_name":"China Ocean Shipping (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/044gm0487","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134540"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Da Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center and the State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","Inland Port and Shipping Industry Research Company Ltd. of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4898-5203","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center and the State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inland Port and Shipping Industry Research Company Ltd. of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134540"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058614200","display_name":"Wengang Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7126-1254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wengang Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7126-1254","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033688213"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116","https://openalex.org/I4210134540"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4721,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92482122,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"682","last_page":"696"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11622","display_name":"Maritime Navigation and Safety","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11622","display_name":"Maritime Navigation and Safety","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14412","display_name":"Marine and Coastal Research","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-engineering","display_name":"Marine engineering","score":0.7110840082168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.6421022415161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.6333595514297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5398591756820679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.22630038857460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12054380774497986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11254727840423584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.7110840082168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.6421022415161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.6333595514297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5398591756820679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22630038857460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12054380774497986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11254727840423584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3311016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3311016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:537833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/537833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1588421640","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52372342","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4881717728","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021EHB007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6461165757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51779202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965455100","https://openalex.org/W1974055290","https://openalex.org/W1992085841","https://openalex.org/W2044207452","https://openalex.org/W2264342650","https://openalex.org/W2412011606","https://openalex.org/W2530088678","https://openalex.org/W2550093246","https://openalex.org/W2562045345","https://openalex.org/W2761989090","https://openalex.org/W2791405426","https://openalex.org/W2791447402","https://openalex.org/W2837297628","https://openalex.org/W2890159512","https://openalex.org/W2898367526","https://openalex.org/W2914452105","https://openalex.org/W2936475890","https://openalex.org/W2946169461","https://openalex.org/W2977943318","https://openalex.org/W2989053221","https://openalex.org/W3036370712","https://openalex.org/W3081175161","https://openalex.org/W3090560975","https://openalex.org/W3092567946","https://openalex.org/W3094071795","https://openalex.org/W3098801300","https://openalex.org/W3108449827","https://openalex.org/W3134451745","https://openalex.org/W3139141240","https://openalex.org/W3151089061","https://openalex.org/W3154451294","https://openalex.org/W3165627928","https://openalex.org/W3195565666","https://openalex.org/W3198015076","https://openalex.org/W4200597037","https://openalex.org/W4212923835","https://openalex.org/W4221016640","https://openalex.org/W4226250731","https://openalex.org/W4226361099","https://openalex.org/W4233452110","https://openalex.org/W4313325683","https://openalex.org/W7045493962","https://openalex.org/W7062028968"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3113932901","https://openalex.org/W650625605","https://openalex.org/W2801025257","https://openalex.org/W2551285827","https://openalex.org/W1919219501","https://openalex.org/W2027504272","https://openalex.org/W2069703662","https://openalex.org/W2372181157","https://openalex.org/W2759268906","https://openalex.org/W2347750628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,126,158,195],"icebreaker":[1,22,93,171,248],"assistance":[2,23],"is":[3,188,198,227],"crucial":[4],"to":[5,29,45,62,75,102,115],"the":[6,17,21,25,30,38,49,52,59,71,87,117,124,134,140,145,152,181,186,192,222,234],"safe":[7,224,237],"navigation":[8,89,118],"of":[9,20,86,130,161],"low":[10],"ice-class":[11],"ships":[12,42,106,122],"in":[13,58,123,156,167],"ice-covered":[14],"waters.":[15],"Nevertheless,":[16],"major":[18],"issues":[19],"are":[24,174],"potential":[26,99],"accidents":[27],"due":[28,61],"uncertain":[31],"distance":[32,40,68,184,209,225],"between":[33,41,105,110],"ships.":[34],"On":[35,48],"one":[36],"side,":[37],"close":[39,76],"could":[43],"lead":[44],"a":[46,63,83,177,201,244],"collision.":[47],"other":[50],"hand,":[51],"following":[53,121,183],"ship":[54,88,111,135,153,165],"may":[55,69],"be":[56,241],"stuck":[57,154,166],"ice":[60,73,113,147,168],"large":[64],"distance,":[65,238],"as":[66,107,109,243],"this":[67,79],"cause":[70],"broken":[72],"channel":[74,169],"again.":[77],"To":[78],"end,":[80],"we":[81],"propose":[82],"new":[84],"model":[85,128,197,210,226],"risk":[90,119,136,148,155,159],"field":[91,100],"for":[92,120,170,179,185,247],"convoy":[94,172],"operations":[95,173],"based":[96,190],"on":[97,191],"artificial":[98],"(APF)":[101],"describe":[103],"interactions":[104],"well":[108],"and":[112,114,164,211,214,232],"quantify":[116],"fleet.":[125],"proposed":[127,193,196],"consists":[129],"two":[131],"components:":[132],"(i)":[133],"field,":[137,149],"which":[138,150,239],"describes":[139,151],"ship-ship":[141,162],"collision":[142,163],"risk;":[143],"(ii)":[144],"sea":[146],"ice.":[157],"indicators":[160],"established.":[175],"Finally,":[176],"method":[178],"obtaining":[180],"safety":[182,208],"fleet":[187],"developed":[189],"model.":[194],"verified":[199],"by":[200],"case":[202],"study,":[203],"has":[204],"good":[205],"agreement":[206],"with":[207,221],"empirical":[212],"data,":[213],"its":[215],"mean":[216],"absolute":[217],"percentage":[218],"error":[219],"(MAPE)":[220],"minimum":[223],"less":[228],"than":[229],"1.3%":[230],"overall":[231],"covers":[233],"actual":[235],"maximum":[236],"can":[240],"served":[242],"theoretical":[245],"guide":[246],"assistance.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
