{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406259095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3526064","title":"Difference-Complementary Learning and Label Reassignment for Multimodal Semi-Supervised Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images","display_name":"Difference-Complementary Learning and Label Reassignment for Multimodal Semi-Supervised Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406259095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3526064","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40030991"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2025.3526064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3526064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103105818","display_name":"Wenqi Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6831-4364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenqi Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041289658","display_name":"Wen Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-2748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-2748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033213528","display_name":"Jie Geng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4858-823X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Geng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4858-823X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083535665","display_name":"Miao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8704-4445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8704-4445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103105818"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.8349,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99146419,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"566","last_page":"580"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8202558159828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6835599541664124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5758821964263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5672084093093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5654482245445251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5265270471572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4446380138397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3873981237411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3757818639278412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3361416459083557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8202558159828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6835599541664124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5758821964263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5672084093093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5654482245445251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5265270471572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4446380138397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3873981237411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3757818639278412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3361416459083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2025.3526064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3526064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40030991","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40030991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2645103404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFB3900502","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2783165089","https://openalex.org/W2787091153","https://openalex.org/W2892654670","https://openalex.org/W2979790641","https://openalex.org/W2985406498","https://openalex.org/W3002497127","https://openalex.org/W3010622813","https://openalex.org/W3017351200","https://openalex.org/W3027585699","https://openalex.org/W3035680157","https://openalex.org/W3046165398","https://openalex.org/W3047067521","https://openalex.org/W3047443805","https://openalex.org/W3048631361","https://openalex.org/W3080263182","https://openalex.org/W3098881417","https://openalex.org/W3102692100","https://openalex.org/W3103695279","https://openalex.org/W3113960880","https://openalex.org/W3117812033","https://openalex.org/W3120633509","https://openalex.org/W3167308647","https://openalex.org/W3172949220","https://openalex.org/W3198062544","https://openalex.org/W3198940810","https://openalex.org/W3203040502","https://openalex.org/W3206737111","https://openalex.org/W3211791819","https://openalex.org/W4200556575","https://openalex.org/W4205138939","https://openalex.org/W4206554021","https://openalex.org/W4221139057","https://openalex.org/W4225986700","https://openalex.org/W4226060438","https://openalex.org/W4280490589","https://openalex.org/W4280626450","https://openalex.org/W4282972322","https://openalex.org/W4285190288","https://openalex.org/W4285209130","https://openalex.org/W4290716516","https://openalex.org/W4292826012","https://openalex.org/W4293863296","https://openalex.org/W4312310512","https://openalex.org/W4313427362","https://openalex.org/W4321484009","https://openalex.org/W4321608682","https://openalex.org/W4366148227","https://openalex.org/W4375928941","https://openalex.org/W4375929013","https://openalex.org/W4378781606","https://openalex.org/W4382407554","https://openalex.org/W4382999129","https://openalex.org/W4383220296","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385815585","https://openalex.org/W4385945173","https://openalex.org/W4386065698","https://openalex.org/W4386179772","https://openalex.org/W4386270166","https://openalex.org/W4386322091","https://openalex.org/W4386597975","https://openalex.org/W4386875930","https://openalex.org/W4387250634","https://openalex.org/W4394597737","https://openalex.org/W4400314890","https://openalex.org/W4402704553","https://openalex.org/W4402727805","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6784265214","https://openalex.org/W6790615440","https://openalex.org/W6797399245","https://openalex.org/W6802946413","https://openalex.org/W6856102174","https://openalex.org/W6856738047","https://openalex.org/W6857979729"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3135697610","https://openalex.org/W2085033728","https://openalex.org/W4285411112","https://openalex.org/W2171299904","https://openalex.org/W1647606319","https://openalex.org/W2922442631","https://openalex.org/W4390494008","https://openalex.org/W2053596378","https://openalex.org/W2168523118","https://openalex.org/W2073639911"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"feature":[1],"fusion":[2,54],"of":[3,17,34,41,55,73,106,157,223,270],"optical":[4,42,174],"and":[5,43,49,119,147,175,178,252],"Synthetic":[6],"Aperture":[7],"Radar":[8],"(SAR)":[9],"images":[10],"is":[11,108],"widely":[12],"used":[13],"for":[14,152,216],"semantic":[15,155,274],"segmentation":[16,156],"multimodal":[18,56,153,230,245,273],"remote":[19,63,101,158,246],"sensing":[20,64,102,159,247],"images.":[21,160],"It":[22],"leverages":[23,165],"information":[24,58,170],"from":[25],"two":[26,244],"different":[27],"sensors":[28],"to":[29,81,89,168,185,208,211,235],"enhance":[30],"the":[31,38,53,87,104,135,144,173,198,221,250],"analytical":[32],"capabilities":[33],"land":[35],"cover.":[36],"However,":[37,99],"imaging":[39],"characteristics":[40],"SAR":[44,176],"data":[45,57],"are":[46,67],"vastly":[47],"different,":[48],"noise":[50],"interference":[51],"makes":[52],"challenging.":[59],"Furthermore,":[60],"in":[61,93,100,112,126,268,272],"practical":[62],"applications,":[65,103],"there":[66],"typically":[68],"only":[69],"a":[70,131,180,192,229],"limited":[71,96],"number":[72],"labeled":[74,97],"samples":[75],"available,":[76],"with":[77,95,121,213],"most":[78],"pixels":[79,210],"needing":[80],"be":[82],"labeled.":[83],"Semi-supervised":[84],"learning":[85,183],"has":[86],"potential":[88],"improve":[90,236],"model":[91,262],"performance":[92],"scenarios":[94],"data.":[98],"quality":[105,128,222],"pseudo-labels":[107],"frequently":[109],"compromised,":[110],"particularly":[111],"challenging":[113],"regions":[114],"such":[115],"as":[116,202],"blurred":[117],"edges":[118],"areas":[120],"class":[122],"confusion.":[123],"This":[124],"degradation":[125],"label":[127,194,199],"can":[129],"have":[130],"detrimental":[132],"effect":[133],"on":[134,243],"model's":[136],"overall":[137],"performance.":[138],"In":[139],"this":[140],"paper,":[141],"we":[142,190,227],"introduce":[143,191,228],"Difference-complementary":[145],"Learning":[146],"Label":[148],"Reassignment":[149],"(DLLR)":[150],"network":[151],"semi-supervised":[154],"Our":[161],"proposed":[162,260],"DLLR":[163,261],"framework":[164],"asymmetric":[166],"masking":[167],"create":[169],"discrepancies":[171],"between":[172],"modalities,":[177],"employs":[179],"difference-guided":[181],"complementary":[182],"strategy":[184,234],"enable":[186],"mutual":[187],"learning.":[188],"Subsequently,":[189],"multi-level":[193],"reassignment":[195],"strategy,":[196],"treating":[197],"assignment":[200],"problem":[201],"an":[203],"optimal":[204],"transport":[205],"optimization":[206],"task":[207],"allocate":[209],"classes":[212],"higher":[214],"precision":[215],"unlabeled":[217],"pixels,":[218],"thereby":[219],"enhancing":[220],"pseudo-label":[224,237],"annotations.":[225],"Finally,":[226],"consistency":[231],"cross":[232],"pseudo-supervision":[233],"utilization.":[238],"We":[239],"evaluate":[240],"our":[241,259],"method":[242],"datasets,":[248],"namely,":[249],"WHU-OPT-SAR":[251],"EErDS-OPT-SAR":[253],"datasets.":[254],"Experimental":[255],"results":[256],"demonstrate":[257],"that":[258],"outperforms":[263],"other":[264],"relevant":[265],"deep":[266],"networks":[267],"terms":[269],"accuracy":[271],"segmentation.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-05-20T08:49:12.498775","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}