{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387448987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3322473","title":"A Novel Gain Reference Dipole Antenna for Accurate Calibration of Over-the-Air Measurement Systems","display_name":"A Novel Gain Reference Dipole Antenna for Accurate Calibration of Over-the-Air Measurement Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387448987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3322473"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3322473","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3322473","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075293450","display_name":"Yuming Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5941-7212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuming Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","General Test Systems Inc, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5941-7212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Test Systems Inc, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088968438","display_name":"Bin Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6125-9839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","Network Communication Research Centre, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6125-9839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Communication Research Centre, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089089289","display_name":"Tian Hong Loh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3486-2659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134421475","display_name":"National Physical Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/015w2mp89","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134421475"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Hong Loh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electromagnetic and Electrochemical Technologies Department, National Physical Laboratory, Middlesex, Teddington, U.K","Electromagnetic & Electrochemical Technologies Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3486-2659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electromagnetic and Electrochemical Technologies Department, National Physical Laboratory, Middlesex, Teddington, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134421475"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electromagnetic & Electrochemical Technologies Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134421475"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046347508","display_name":"Yihong Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0564-5046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yihong Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","General Test Systems Inc, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0564-5046","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Test Systems Inc, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95039533,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-gain","display_name":"Antenna gain","score":0.7191656231880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.7140851020812988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole-antenna","display_name":"Dipole antenna","score":0.7075651288032532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-measurement","display_name":"Antenna measurement","score":0.5811278223991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omnidirectional-antenna","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","score":0.5435684323310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5433573722839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5046356916427612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balun","display_name":"Balun","score":0.49232709407806396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.47774094343185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coaxial-antenna","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","score":0.435829758644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.37849026918411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.28526172041893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.263164222240448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81183938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251537","display_name":"Antenna gain","level":5,"score":0.7191656231880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.7140851020812988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113145756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126859","display_name":"Dipole antenna","level":3,"score":0.7075651288032532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158616128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771260","display_name":"Antenna measurement","level":3,"score":0.5811278223991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24027999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2176348","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","level":3,"score":0.5435684323310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5433573722839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5046356916427612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114489654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q805838","display_name":"Balun","level":3,"score":0.49232709407806396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.47774094343185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93130614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5138671","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","level":4,"score":0.435829758644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.37849026918411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.28526172041893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.263164222240448}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3322473","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3322473","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1954568449","https://openalex.org/W1983647929","https://openalex.org/W2000473254","https://openalex.org/W2121691746","https://openalex.org/W2156666404","https://openalex.org/W2403643471","https://openalex.org/W2761393273","https://openalex.org/W2792348949","https://openalex.org/W2805032925","https://openalex.org/W2896556715","https://openalex.org/W2921251201","https://openalex.org/W2940211171","https://openalex.org/W2996979910","https://openalex.org/W3003080142","https://openalex.org/W3008292056","https://openalex.org/W3040619674","https://openalex.org/W3173981194","https://openalex.org/W4200279085","https://openalex.org/W4200432079","https://openalex.org/W4241832611","https://openalex.org/W4253474690","https://openalex.org/W4294664313","https://openalex.org/W6755867851"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2124747096","https://openalex.org/W2901422715","https://openalex.org/W2981021897","https://openalex.org/W1833848697","https://openalex.org/W2914894827","https://openalex.org/W2903961993","https://openalex.org/W3003521028","https://openalex.org/W2536774854","https://openalex.org/W2585079837","https://openalex.org/W1741322229"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gain":[0],"reference":[1,21,89],"antenna":[2,13,39,43,91],"is":[3],"an":[4,18,135,256],"important":[5],"part":[6],"of":[7,26,37,137,148,165,188,201,214,246,262],"over-the-air":[8],"(OTA)":[9],"measurement":[10,24,56,224,264],"system":[11,28],"using":[12],"gain":[14,20,88,245,260],"substitution":[15],"method.":[16],"Without":[17],"accurate":[19],"antenna,":[22],"the":[23,38,51,55,58,111,117,161,166,172,186,189,199,206,212,215,219,228],"results":[25,225],"such":[27,42],"are":[29,77],"envisaged":[30],"to":[31,33,47,120,210],"lead":[32],"a":[34,86,175,202,235,243,251],"biased":[35],"evaluation":[36],"gain.":[40],"Furthermore,":[41],"might":[44],"be":[45,64],"susceptible":[46],"undesirable":[48,75],"currents":[49,76],"on":[50],"coaxial":[52],"cable":[53],"during":[54],"whereby":[57],"actual":[59],"measured":[60],"radiation":[61,72,107,114,132],"pattern":[62,108],"can":[63],"distorted":[65],"causing":[66],"significant":[67],"differences":[68],"from":[69,110],"its":[70],"expected":[71],"pattern.":[73,222],"These":[74],"known":[78],"as":[79,209],"common-mode":[80],"(CM)":[81],"current.":[82],"In":[83],"this":[84,232],"work,":[85],"novel":[87],"dipole":[90,168],"(GRDA)":[92],"with":[93,146,179],"minimal":[94],"CM":[95,173,239],"current":[96],"effects,":[97],"has":[98,192],"been":[99,193],"proposed.":[100],"It":[101],"achieves":[102,127,234],"less":[103],"than":[104],"0.2":[105],"dB":[106],"ripple":[109],"ideal":[112,257],"omni-directional":[113],"performance":[115],"within":[116,250],"4.2":[118],"GHz":[119,122],"4.9":[121],"frequency":[123],"band.":[124],"The":[125,223],"GRDA":[126,221,229],"vertical":[128],"polarization":[129],"and":[130,241],"omnidirectional":[131],"by":[133],"employing":[134],"array":[136],"four":[138],"folded":[139],"wideband":[140],"high-efficiency":[141],"electromagnetic":[142],"structure":[143],"(WHEMS)":[144],"antennas":[145],"dimensions":[147],"22.1":[149,152],"mm":[150,153],"\u00d7":[151,154],"46.2":[155],"mm.":[156],"This":[157,195],"proposed":[158,230],"design":[159,163,196],"overturns":[160],"classic":[162],"concept":[164],"traditional":[167],"antenna.":[169],"To":[170],"suppress":[171],"current,":[174,240],"microstrip":[176],"type-III":[177],"balun":[178,204,216],"two":[180],"ground":[181],"points":[182],"placed":[183],"symmetrically":[184],"around":[185,247],"middle":[187],"radiating":[190],"element":[191],"designed.":[194],"allows":[197],"for":[198,259],"integration":[200],"type-\u2162":[203],"into":[205],"radiator,":[207],"so":[208],"achieve":[211],"effect":[213],"while":[217],"maintaining":[218],"desired":[220],"show":[226],"that":[227],"in":[231],"work":[233],"symmetrical":[236],"pattern,":[237],"suppresses":[238],"attains":[242],"quantifiable":[244],"1.5":[248],"dBi":[249],"15%":[252],"bandwidth,":[253],"making":[254],"it":[255],"choice":[258],"calibration":[261],"OTA":[263],"systems.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
