{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385626980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3302387","title":"Load Profile Analysis in Electrical Systems: The Impact of Electrical Signature and Monitoring Quality in the Energy Digitalization Process","display_name":"Load Profile Analysis in Electrical Systems: The Impact of Electrical Signature and Monitoring Quality in the Energy Digitalization Process","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385626980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3302387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3302387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3302387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3302387","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092110889","display_name":"Luca Tari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4307-0362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186995768","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale","ror":"https://ror.org/04nxkaq16","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186995768"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Tari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering &#x201C;M. Scarano,&#x201D;, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4307-0362","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering &#x201C;M. Scarano,&#x201D;, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186995768"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042992044","display_name":"Mario Molinara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6144-0654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186995768","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale","ror":"https://ror.org/04nxkaq16","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186995768"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Molinara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering &#x201C;M. Scarano,&#x201D;, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6144-0654","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering &#x201C;M. Scarano,&#x201D;, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186995768"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036125291","display_name":"Luigi Ferrigno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1724-5720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186995768","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale","ror":"https://ror.org/04nxkaq16","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186995768"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Ferrigno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Engineering &#x201C;M. Scarano,&#x201D;, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1724-5720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Engineering &#x201C;M. Scarano,&#x201D;, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186995768"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9817,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75438596,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13429","display_name":"Electricity Theft Detection Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profiling","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","score":0.737395703792572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5556784868240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4945389926433563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metering-mode","display_name":"Metering mode","score":0.4713152050971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.36094868183135986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2910766899585724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.1100831925868988}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.737395703792572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5556784868240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4945389926433563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30905978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815598","display_name":"Metering mode","level":2,"score":0.4713152050971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.36094868183135986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2910766899585724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1100831925868988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3302387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3302387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3302387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3302387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29307253","https://openalex.org/W1620671384","https://openalex.org/W1644949399","https://openalex.org/W1904958519","https://openalex.org/W1972632157","https://openalex.org/W1981582893","https://openalex.org/W1987158097","https://openalex.org/W1992419399","https://openalex.org/W2010314082","https://openalex.org/W2021441086","https://openalex.org/W2051607409","https://openalex.org/W2051659868","https://openalex.org/W2054989445","https://openalex.org/W2057059632","https://openalex.org/W2064759762","https://openalex.org/W2096352448","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2117062870","https://openalex.org/W2117604780","https://openalex.org/W2141188346","https://openalex.org/W2155889930","https://openalex.org/W2595657631","https://openalex.org/W2616890977","https://openalex.org/W2625210232","https://openalex.org/W2733722625","https://openalex.org/W2908897873","https://openalex.org/W2911627187","https://openalex.org/W2936343203","https://openalex.org/W2945127625","https://openalex.org/W2945930760","https://openalex.org/W2985336543","https://openalex.org/W2991214341","https://openalex.org/W3033222914","https://openalex.org/W3096214454","https://openalex.org/W3103662495","https://openalex.org/W3118615302","https://openalex.org/W3136758974","https://openalex.org/W3212877473","https://openalex.org/W4242467265","https://openalex.org/W4285114834","https://openalex.org/W4293370877","https://openalex.org/W4297098538","https://openalex.org/W4297498249","https://openalex.org/W4321380810","https://openalex.org/W4379470642","https://openalex.org/W4379781042","https://openalex.org/W6675354045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2384104878","https://openalex.org/W2360352189","https://openalex.org/W2082239223","https://openalex.org/W2351145417","https://openalex.org/W4288765096","https://openalex.org/W2054457760","https://openalex.org/W4382774707","https://openalex.org/W2377181419","https://openalex.org/W2366499250"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,65],"the":[1,19,22,37,71,81,89,93,99,112,125,128,132,137,146,154,176,179,186,200,213,217,225,231,237,243,260,269,277,281,305],"context":[2],"of":[3,24,45,58,62,73,85,127,139,145,178,181,199,227,233,307,322],"energy":[4,38,166,182,214,297],"digitisation,":[5],"<italic":[6,149,172,221,247,273,312],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[7,150,173,222,248,274,313],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Load":[8],"Profiling</i>":[9],"can":[10,258,266],"be":[11,30,80,326],"a":[12,56,59,106,234,254,308,319],"useful":[13,68,323],"tool":[14],"for":[15,32,50,70,165,216],"making":[16],"decisions":[17],"about":[18],"use":[20,226],"and":[21,28,43,92,131,193,253,265,317],"health":[23],"an":[25],"electrical":[26,94,100,113,133],"load":[27],"could":[29,79,283],"adopted":[31,184],"strategic":[33],"services":[34,74],"related":[35,290],"to":[36,96,104,119,121,210,236,285,291,304,325],"efficiency,":[39],"characterisation,":[40],"prediction,":[41],"optimisation,":[42],"diagnosis":[44],"monitored":[46],"systems.":[47],"To":[48],"accomplish":[49],"this":[51,66,195],"task":[52],"it":[53],"is":[54],"important":[55],"spread":[57],"new":[60],"generation":[61],"smart":[63,86],"meters.":[64],"scenario,":[67],"information":[69],"developers":[72],"based":[75],"on":[76,136],"Load":[77,108,140,155,187,238,270,287],"Profiling":[78,109,156,188,239,271,288],"minimum":[82,320],"metrological":[83,159],"characteristics":[84,160],"meters,":[87],"i.e.":[88,111],"monitoring":[90,129],"quality,":[91],"parameters":[95,261],"extract":[97],"from":[98],"signature":[101,114,134],"in":[102,185,212,280],"order":[103],"have":[105,205],"reliable":[107],"process,":[110,240],"quality.":[115],"This":[116],"paper":[117,147,282],"tries":[118],"answer":[120],"these":[122],"questions":[123],"investigating":[124],"impact":[126],"quality":[130,135],"performance":[138],"Profiling.":[141],"The":[142],"main":[143],"results":[144],"are:":[148],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">i</i>":[151],")":[152,175,224,276,316],"generally":[153],"process":[157,257],"requires":[158],"lower":[161],"than":[162],"those":[163],"required":[164],"billing":[167],"reducing":[168],"sub-metering":[169],"infrastructure":[170],"costs;":[171],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">ii</i>":[174],"increasing":[177],"number":[180,321],"features":[183,201,324],"not":[189,204],"always":[190],"improves":[191],"reliability":[192],"accuracy;":[194],"happens":[196],"when":[197],"many":[198],"considered":[202,218,244,279],"do":[203],"great":[206],"sensitivity":[207,232,264],"with":[208,262],"respect":[209],"changes":[211],"states":[215],"case":[219],"study;":[220],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">iii</i>":[223],"functions":[228],"that":[229],"measure":[230],"feature":[235],"such":[241],"as":[242],"\u201cKDE\u201d":[245],"(":[246,311],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Kernel":[249],"Density":[250],"Estimation</i>":[251],"),":[252],"suitable":[255],"threshold":[256],"delete":[259],"poor":[263],"greatly":[267],"improve":[268],"reliability;":[272],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">iv</i>":[275],"method":[278],"help":[284],"analyze":[286],"problems":[289],"other":[292],"physical":[293],"quantities":[294],"(i.e.,":[295],"thermal":[296],"profiling":[298],"or":[299],"even":[300],"multi-physical":[301],"systems),":[302],"allowing":[303],"definition":[306],"target":[309],"\u201cMQ\u201d":[310],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Monitoring":[314],"Quality</i>":[315],"selecting":[318],"adopted.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
