{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312255352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3232093","title":"Pig Face Recognition Based on Trapezoid Normalized Pixel Difference Feature and Trimmed Mean Attention Mechanism","display_name":"Pig Face Recognition Based on Trapezoid Normalized Pixel Difference Feature and Trimmed Mean Attention Mechanism","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312255352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3232093"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3232093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3232093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054254540","display_name":"Shuiqing Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3081-3726"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuiqing Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3081-3726","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048533536","display_name":"Qihang He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3708-344X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qihang He","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3708-344X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074205801","display_name":"Songbing Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5963-3182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songbing Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5963-3182","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019419996","display_name":"Hongtian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-9668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongtian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-9668","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yi Chai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8637-8682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8637-8682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108050907","display_name":"Wei Xing Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-5938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixing Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-5938","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054254540"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98543689,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12486","display_name":"Food Supply Chain Traceability","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6841772794723511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6271302700042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6099780201911926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5859413146972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5858966112136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5599034428596497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5531774163246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3789962828159332}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6841772794723511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6271302700042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6099780201911926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5859413146972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5858966112136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5599034428596497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5531774163246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3789962828159332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3232093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3232093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1556994328","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61803140","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5096914077","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020M682474","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8892919414","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2034209","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G898493330","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62273128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024046085","https://openalex.org/W2092004232","https://openalex.org/W2170110077","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2247274765","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2791690647","https://openalex.org/W2883780447","https://openalex.org/W2898732869","https://openalex.org/W2928165649","https://openalex.org/W2962801329","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963323244","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2969728738","https://openalex.org/W2981408784","https://openalex.org/W2982083293","https://openalex.org/W2997854152","https://openalex.org/W3009729546","https://openalex.org/W3012395662","https://openalex.org/W3016719260","https://openalex.org/W3017357154","https://openalex.org/W3034429256","https://openalex.org/W3039415429","https://openalex.org/W3045730561","https://openalex.org/W3046884570","https://openalex.org/W3086480753","https://openalex.org/W3102411220","https://openalex.org/W3119833370","https://openalex.org/W3120254887","https://openalex.org/W3122279806","https://openalex.org/W3127217630","https://openalex.org/W3135189435","https://openalex.org/W3162552700","https://openalex.org/W3164094069","https://openalex.org/W3177052299","https://openalex.org/W3193423463","https://openalex.org/W3197113661","https://openalex.org/W3197644417","https://openalex.org/W3205171951","https://openalex.org/W3205615921","https://openalex.org/W3213336604","https://openalex.org/W4205185952","https://openalex.org/W4206832536","https://openalex.org/W4210628166","https://openalex.org/W4210674249","https://openalex.org/W4211164812","https://openalex.org/W4211201856","https://openalex.org/W4214666412","https://openalex.org/W4220868237","https://openalex.org/W4220908650","https://openalex.org/W4224278494","https://openalex.org/W4246193833","https://openalex.org/W4287890640","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4295308405","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6678174250","https://openalex.org/W6762718338"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3135697610","https://openalex.org/W2085033728","https://openalex.org/W4285411112","https://openalex.org/W2171299904","https://openalex.org/W1647606319","https://openalex.org/W2116423617","https://openalex.org/W2347824352","https://openalex.org/W2112875849","https://openalex.org/W2132337154","https://openalex.org/W2384651879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pig":[0],"face":[1,103,133],"recognition":[2],"has":[3,140],"a":[4,21,49,68,93],"wide":[5],"range":[6],"of":[7,45,151],"applications":[8],"in":[9,27,36,63,115],"breeding":[10],"farms,":[11],"including":[12],"precision":[13],"feeding":[14],"and":[15,35,88],"disease":[16],"surveillance.":[17],"This":[18],"article":[19],"proposes":[20],"method":[22,79,139],"to":[23,58,80,85,99,120],"guarantee":[24],"its":[25,121],"performance":[26,142],"complex":[28],"environments":[29],"such":[30],"as":[31],"with":[32,105,144,147],"dirty":[33],"faces":[34],"unconstrained":[37,64],"outdoor":[38,65],"conditions.":[39,66],"First,":[40],"inspired":[41],"by":[42],"the":[43,46,75,110,128,137],"shape":[44],"pig":[47,102,132],"face,":[48],"trapezoid":[50],"normalized":[51],"pixel":[52],"difference":[53],"(T-NPD)":[54],"feature":[55,86],"is":[56],"designed":[57],"achieve":[59],"more":[60,82],"accurate":[61],"detection":[62],"Subsequently,":[67],"trimmed":[69,76],"mean":[70],"attention":[71],"mechanism":[72],"(TMAM)":[73],"uses":[74],"mean-based":[77],"squeeze":[78],"assign":[81],"precise":[83],"weights":[84],"channels,":[87],"then":[89],"fuses":[90],"it":[91],"into":[92],"50-layer":[94],"ResNet":[95],"(ResNet50)":[96],"backbone":[97],"network":[98],"classify":[100],"detected":[101],"images":[104],"high":[106],"accuracy.":[107],"In":[108],"addition,":[109],"TMAM":[111],"can":[112],"be":[113],"applied":[114],"numerous":[116],"common":[117],"networks":[118],"due":[119],"universality.":[122],"Finally,":[123],"comprehensive":[124],"experiments":[125],"conducted":[126],"on":[127],"publicly":[129],"available":[130],"JD":[131],"dataset":[134],"indicate":[135],"that":[136],"proposed":[138],"superior":[141],"compared":[143],"other":[145],"methods,":[146],"an":[148],"overall":[149],"accuracy":[150],"95.06%.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}