{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285184034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3182886","title":"Pixel Difference Function and Local Entropy-Based Speckle Reducing Anisotropic Diffusion","display_name":"Pixel Difference Function and Local Entropy-Based Speckle Reducing Anisotropic Diffusion","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285184034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3182886"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3182886","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3182886","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101995524","display_name":"Fengcheng Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4547-5507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118574674","display_name":"Jiangsu Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/051hvcm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118574674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengcheng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4547-5507","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118574674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032060599","display_name":"Chongchong Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9296-949X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chongchong Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Geodetic Observatory, Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, and the State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Geodetic Observatory, Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, and the State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018280743","display_name":"Wensong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8464-2822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118574674","display_name":"Jiangsu Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/051hvcm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118574674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wensong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8464-2822","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118574674"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068610174","display_name":"Zhiheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2794-3557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2794-3557","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"an, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7107,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7010407,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anisotropic-diffusion","display_name":"Anisotropic diffusion","score":0.7388823628425598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speckle-pattern","display_name":"Speckle pattern","score":0.6514146327972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.620921790599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5682054758071899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5596952438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speckle-noise","display_name":"Speckle noise","score":0.5440700054168701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.5300754308700562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5212957859039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.5007236003875732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilateral-filter","display_name":"Bilateral filter","score":0.49301454424858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.48230910301208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-filter","display_name":"Adaptive filter","score":0.4481988847255707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4449644386768341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4315345883369446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.15774765610694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12839600443840027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203504353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4765461","display_name":"Anisotropic diffusion","level":3,"score":0.7388823628425598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102290492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575045","display_name":"Speckle pattern","level":2,"score":0.6514146327972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.620921790599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5682054758071899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5596952438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180940675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575045","display_name":"Speckle noise","level":3,"score":0.5440700054168701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5300754308700562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5212957859039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5007236003875732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156140930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860417","display_name":"Bilateral filter","level":3,"score":0.49301454424858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.48230910301208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102248274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168388","display_name":"Adaptive filter","level":2,"score":0.4481988847255707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4449644386768341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4315345883369446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15774765610694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12839600443840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3182886","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2022.3182886","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.75}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4079507756","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20XSRS008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322298","funder_display_name":"Jiangsu Normal University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4890826204","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20210921","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5368527823","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20201026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G839423188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101219","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322298","display_name":"Jiangsu Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/051hvcm98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1108941968","https://openalex.org/W1533162639","https://openalex.org/W1602107991","https://openalex.org/W1971648851","https://openalex.org/W1995801069","https://openalex.org/W1999448661","https://openalex.org/W2022459032","https://openalex.org/W2049909233","https://openalex.org/W2053468219","https://openalex.org/W2056370875","https://openalex.org/W2057124985","https://openalex.org/W2077282160","https://openalex.org/W2104763670","https://openalex.org/W2117853853","https://openalex.org/W2127151921","https://openalex.org/W2129038850","https://openalex.org/W2130094715","https://openalex.org/W2136473316","https://openalex.org/W2139301071","https://openalex.org/W2144851790","https://openalex.org/W2147985697","https://openalex.org/W2150134853","https://openalex.org/W2161907179","https://openalex.org/W2164911019","https://openalex.org/W2327020022","https://openalex.org/W2342911569","https://openalex.org/W2548712274","https://openalex.org/W2605856982","https://openalex.org/W2764248688","https://openalex.org/W2801272453","https://openalex.org/W2899928528","https://openalex.org/W2985243226","https://openalex.org/W2990802799","https://openalex.org/W3006111439","https://openalex.org/W3018127974","https://openalex.org/W3025007558","https://openalex.org/W3041734050","https://openalex.org/W3077327398","https://openalex.org/W3088563903","https://openalex.org/W3111916487","https://openalex.org/W3112727310","https://openalex.org/W3113142645","https://openalex.org/W3114220768","https://openalex.org/W3154493004","https://openalex.org/W3157976884","https://openalex.org/W3158709967","https://openalex.org/W6712641117"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065648684","https://openalex.org/W2009383287","https://openalex.org/W2042914788","https://openalex.org/W2182190754","https://openalex.org/W4321264664","https://openalex.org/W2121688719","https://openalex.org/W2727313114","https://openalex.org/W2016481886","https://openalex.org/W2366558118","https://openalex.org/W2055824452"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Speckles":[0],"destroy":[1],"the":[2,51,61,80,85,94,98,135,138,145,157,162],"texture":[3],"details":[4],"of":[5,84,137,161],"synthetic":[6],"aperture":[7],"radar":[8],"(SAR)":[9],"images,":[10],"thereby":[11],"constraining":[12],"their":[13],"high-precision":[14],"application.":[15],"Speckle":[16],"suppression":[17],"and":[18,65,88,104,113,127,152,159],"edge":[19,46,95,154],"preservation":[20],"are":[21,119],"two":[22],"aspects":[23],"that":[24,144],"need":[25],"to":[26,78,92,133],"be":[27],"balanced":[28],"in":[29],"despeckling.":[30],"Although":[31],"a":[32,53,74,109,114],"conventional":[33],"anisotropic":[34,55],"diffusion":[35,56,82],"filter":[36,58,72,87,147],"can":[37],"theoretically":[38],"achieve":[39],"this":[40],"balance,":[41,52],"it":[42],"still":[43],"triggers":[44],"many":[45],"losses.":[47],"To":[48],"better":[49,122],"improve":[50],"novel":[54],"(AD)":[57],"based":[59],"on":[60],"pixel":[62,75],"difference":[63,76],"function":[64,77,83],"local":[66,90],"entropy":[67,91],"is":[68],"proposed.":[69],"The":[70],"proposed":[71,120,139,146,163],"utilizes":[73],"update":[79],"original":[81],"AD":[86,123],"introduces":[89],"recover":[93],"loss":[96],"from":[97],"ratio":[99],"image":[100],"generated":[101],"by":[102,167],"noisy":[103],"filtered":[105],"images.":[106],"In":[107],"addition,":[108],"neighborhood":[110],"weighting":[111],"approach":[112],"new":[115],"adaptive":[116],"iterative":[117],"rule":[118],"for":[121],"filtering.":[124],"Simulated":[125],"data":[126],"real":[128],"SAR":[129],"images":[130],"were":[131,165],"applied":[132],"evaluate":[134],"performance":[136],"algorithm.":[140],"Experimental":[141],"results":[142],"show":[143],"both":[148],"effectively":[149],"smooths":[150],"speckles":[151],"reduces":[153],"loss.":[155],"Furthermore,":[156],"effectiveness":[158],"superiority":[160],"method":[164],"confirmed":[166],"comparison":[168],"with":[169],"other":[170],"state-of-the-art":[171],"methods.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}