{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3154402150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3069914","title":"3-D Object Imaging Method With Electromagnetic Vortex","display_name":"3-D Object Imaging Method With Electromagnetic Vortex","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3154402150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3069914","mag":"3154402150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3069914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3069914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101941741","display_name":"Jianqiu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3150-1647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianqiu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3150-1647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389911","display_name":"Kang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3678-9659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3678-9659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100332459","display_name":"Hongyan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3028-2059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3028-2059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080122826","display_name":"Kaicheng Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-8877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaicheng Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-8877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009604459","display_name":"Yongqiang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-384X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongqiang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100757637","display_name":"Hongqiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2522-9552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongqiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2522-9552","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5367,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96535843,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11255","display_name":"Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11897","display_name":"Digital Holography and Microscopy","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5057871341705322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vortex","display_name":"Vortex","score":0.47026997804641724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4615398049354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.44309982657432556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3607773184776306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2919715344905853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.10891002416610718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5057871341705322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140820882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722","display_name":"Vortex","level":2,"score":0.47026997804641724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4615398049354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.44309982657432556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3607773184776306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2919715344905853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.10891002416610718}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3069914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3069914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5337695084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61801486","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5979008009","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61921001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W357677209","https://openalex.org/W1597732836","https://openalex.org/W1985343543","https://openalex.org/W2007752964","https://openalex.org/W2094055587","https://openalex.org/W2097034408","https://openalex.org/W2106822551","https://openalex.org/W2112857471","https://openalex.org/W2118527690","https://openalex.org/W2120583949","https://openalex.org/W2130091446","https://openalex.org/W2133791277","https://openalex.org/W2151723695","https://openalex.org/W2160862605","https://openalex.org/W2166600456","https://openalex.org/W2169481269","https://openalex.org/W2321585011","https://openalex.org/W2328234777","https://openalex.org/W2343586730","https://openalex.org/W2753771140","https://openalex.org/W2758730779","https://openalex.org/W2759913415","https://openalex.org/W2777922571","https://openalex.org/W2794268981","https://openalex.org/W2801497650","https://openalex.org/W2811087073","https://openalex.org/W2890842179","https://openalex.org/W2900491434","https://openalex.org/W2919039758","https://openalex.org/W2935162048","https://openalex.org/W2972544093","https://openalex.org/W2982315743","https://openalex.org/W3041665079","https://openalex.org/W3043415327","https://openalex.org/W4240549567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"electromagnetic":[1],"(EM)":[2],"vortex":[3,54],"imaging":[4,13,36,74,93],"has":[5],"demonstrated":[6],"superior":[7],"performance":[8],"in":[9,65],"target":[10,26,64],"detection":[11],"and":[12,63,84,100],"with":[14],"azimuthal":[15],"super-resolution.":[16],"However,":[17],"the":[18,23,31,34,51,66,71,78,85,92,97,108,114,118,124,136,139],"restricted":[19],"elevation":[20,119],"resolution":[21,120],"degrades":[22],"acquisition":[24],"of":[25,33,138],"spatial":[27],"information,":[28],"which":[29],"limits":[30],"development":[32],"radar":[35,62,73],"technology":[37],"based":[38,95],"on":[39,96],"orbital":[40],"angular":[41],"momentum":[42],"(OAM).":[43],"This":[44],"article":[45],"offers":[46],"a":[47],"solution":[48],"to":[49,106,134],"achieve":[50],"3-D":[52,79,110],"EM":[53],"imaging,":[55],"by":[56,123],"effectively":[57],"utilizing":[58],"relative":[59],"motion":[60],"between":[61],"line-of-sight":[67],"(LOS)":[68],"direction.":[69],"First,":[70],"forward-looking":[72],"scenario":[75],"is":[76,82,104],"presented,":[77],"echo":[80],"model":[81],"derived,":[83],"characteristics":[86],"are":[87,121,131],"analyzed":[88,122],"as":[89],"well.":[90],"Second,":[91],"method,":[94,103],"back-projection":[98],"(BP)":[99],"spectrum":[101],"estimation":[102],"proposed":[105],"obtain":[107],"target\u2019s":[109],"focused":[111],"image.":[112],"Furthermore,":[113],"influence":[115],"factors":[116],"about":[117],"point":[125],"spread":[126],"function":[127],"(PSF).":[128],"Finally,":[129],"simulations":[130],"carried":[132],"out":[133],"verify":[135],"effectiveness":[137],"theoretical":[140],"analyses.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T07:54:00.901334","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
