{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2138165000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.1994.577085","title":"On the number of wavelengths and switches in all-optical networks","display_name":"On the number of wavelengths and switches in all-optical networks","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2138165000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.1994.577085","mag":"2138165000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.1994.577085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.1994.577085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/1721.1/3358/1/P-2233-29962798.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001620765","display_name":"R.A. Barry","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R.A. Barry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of EECS, George Washington University, Washington D.C., DC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of EECS, George Washington University, Washington D.C., DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038437382","display_name":"P.A. Humblet","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1902872","display_name":"EURECOM","ror":"https://ror.org/00sse7z02","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1902872","https://openalex.org/I205703379"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.A. Humblet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of EECS, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA","Eurecom Institute, La Valbonne, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of EECS, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eurecom Institute, La Valbonne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1902872"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001620765"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3965,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97635359,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"2/3/4","first_page":"583","last_page":"591"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.6774119138717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.6430493593215942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5939902067184448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","score":0.5887261033058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5676478147506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-switch","display_name":"Optical switch","score":0.5093885064125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4956156015396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.47706782817840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-network","display_name":"Telecommunications network","score":0.4755396842956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.423876017332077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3947684168815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33796125650405884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.336572527885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.29417577385902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2388221025466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20898354053497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1845972239971161}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.6774119138717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.6430493593215942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5939902067184448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.5887261033058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5676478147506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101336846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105111","display_name":"Optical switch","level":2,"score":0.5093885064125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4956156015396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.47706782817840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.4755396842956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.423876017332077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3947684168815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33796125650405884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.336572527885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.29417577385902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2388221025466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20898354053497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1845972239971161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.1994.577085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.1994.577085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/3358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/3358","pdf_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/1721.1/3358/1/P-2233-29962798.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/3358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/3358","pdf_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/1721.1/3358/1/P-2233-29962798.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2138165000.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2138165000.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512175611","https://openalex.org/W1566364654","https://openalex.org/W1966241298","https://openalex.org/W1969897101","https://openalex.org/W1983103400","https://openalex.org/W2009647444","https://openalex.org/W2010387743","https://openalex.org/W2059597132","https://openalex.org/W2097755092","https://openalex.org/W2105191814","https://openalex.org/W2118309508","https://openalex.org/W2130436146","https://openalex.org/W2136046802","https://openalex.org/W2140978806","https://openalex.org/W2471903921","https://openalex.org/W2541099388","https://openalex.org/W2773462233","https://openalex.org/W6679681020","https://openalex.org/W6720540391"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2386715618","https://openalex.org/W2140316896","https://openalex.org/W2890791469","https://openalex.org/W2078579267","https://openalex.org/W2473841733","https://openalex.org/W4251457771","https://openalex.org/W3140284703","https://openalex.org/W2078091825","https://openalex.org/W4321260179","https://openalex.org/W2128970135"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,102],"authors":[1],"consider":[2],"optical":[3],"networks":[4,107],"using":[5,91],"wavelength":[6,22,44,97,110,113,126],"division":[7],"multiplexing,":[8],"where":[9],"the":[10,18,21,24,27,29,55,63,67,70,83],"path":[11],"a":[12,33,38,48,52,79,89,92,121],"signal":[13,30,34],"takes":[14],"is":[15,35],"determined":[16],"by":[17],"network":[19,90,122],"switches,":[20,109],"of":[23,40,58,66,72,85,94],"signal,":[25],"and":[26,43,69,99,112],"location":[28],"originated.":[31],"Therefore,":[32],"routed":[36],"through":[37],"combination":[39,93],"circuit":[41,95],"switching":[42,73,86],"routing":[45],"(assigning":[46],"it":[47],"wavelength).":[49],"They":[50],"present":[51,78],"bound":[53,81],"on":[54,62,82],"minimum":[56],"number":[57,71,84],"wavelengths":[59],"needed":[60],"based":[61],"connectivity":[64],"requirements":[65],"users":[68],"states.":[74],"In":[75],"addition,":[76],"they":[77],"lower":[80],"states":[87],"in":[88],"switching,":[96],"routing,":[98,111],"frequency":[100],"changing.":[101],"bounds":[103],"hold":[104],"for":[105],"all":[106],"with":[108,123],"changing":[114],"devices.":[115],"Several":[116],"examples":[117],"are":[118],"presented":[119],"including":[120],"near":[124],"optimal":[125],"re-use.<":[127],"<ETX":[128],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[129],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">&gt;</ETX>":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}