{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124974114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2003.1205462","title":"Design of multiplierless correlators for timing synchronization in IEEE 802.11a wireless LANs","display_name":"Design of multiplierless correlators for timing synchronization in IEEE 802.11a wireless LANs","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124974114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2003.1205462","mag":"2124974114"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2003.1205462","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2003.1205462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003019782","display_name":"Kun-Wah Yip","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun-Wah Yip","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085964667","display_name":"Yik\u2010Chung Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2738-0387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["HK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yik-Chung Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018341978","display_name":"Tung-Sang Ng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tung-Sang Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4171,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.827819,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"1","first_page":"107","last_page":"114"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6823104023933411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.621794581413269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6198781132698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ieee-802.11a-1999","display_name":"IEEE 802.11a-1999","score":0.5837994813919067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.5354585647583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.511667013168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.4665961265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.45732203125953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subtraction","display_name":"Subtraction","score":0.4510204792022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4223198890686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3510698676109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-lan","display_name":"Wireless lan","score":0.29913321137428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-noise","display_name":"White noise","score":0.2666477560997009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24644920229911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.21274110674858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.2043079137802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18055593967437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17717629671096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.17115560173988342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.07145479321479797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6823104023933411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.621794581413269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6198781132698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50515283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1421681","display_name":"IEEE 802.11a-1999","level":4,"score":0.5837994813919067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.5354585647583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.511667013168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.4665961265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45732203125953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68060419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40754","display_name":"Subtraction","level":2,"score":0.4510204792022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4223198890686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3510698676109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985434377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212607","display_name":"Wireless lan","level":3,"score":0.29913321137428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.2666477560997009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24644920229911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.21274110674858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.2043079137802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18055593967437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17717629671096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.17115560173988342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.07145479321479797}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2003.1205462","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2003.1205462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/42928","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10722/42928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551517259","https://openalex.org/W1846672931","https://openalex.org/W1910384266","https://openalex.org/W1991567646","https://openalex.org/W2042103430","https://openalex.org/W2095575351","https://openalex.org/W2103983257","https://openalex.org/W2110362283","https://openalex.org/W2132147894","https://openalex.org/W2158411648","https://openalex.org/W2169766829","https://openalex.org/W4237268025","https://openalex.org/W4248676392","https://openalex.org/W6638644812"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376969857","https://openalex.org/W207732638","https://openalex.org/W2801592279","https://openalex.org/W4252788403","https://openalex.org/W2171869298","https://openalex.org/W2034040913","https://openalex.org/W2257001073","https://openalex.org/W1992602584","https://openalex.org/W2549306799","https://openalex.org/W2107810879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Timing":[0],"synchronization":[1,77,128],"for":[2,79,89,97],"IEEE":[3],"802.11a":[4],"WLANs":[5],"requires":[6,115],"using":[7,43],"a":[8,16,111,126],"correlator":[9,23,62,123],"to":[10,28,64,116],"correlate":[11],"the":[12,26,56],"received":[13],"signal":[14],"with":[15],"known":[17],"waveform.":[18],"Straightforward":[19],"implementation":[20],"of":[21,61,67,69,72],"this":[22,47],"results":[24],"in":[25],"need":[27],"perform":[29,117],"320":[30],"million":[31],"complex":[32],"multiplications":[33],"per":[34,122],"second.":[35],"This":[36],"significant":[37],"requirement":[38],"can":[39,130],"be":[40,65,131],"eliminated":[41],"by":[42,95],"multiplierless":[44,49,102],"correlators.":[45],"In":[46],"paper,":[48],"correlators":[50,103,109],"are":[51,83,104],"designed":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54],"constraining":[55],"real":[57],"and":[58],"imaginary":[59],"parts":[60],"coefficients":[63,73],"sums":[66],"powers":[68],"two.":[70],"Sets":[71],"that":[74,114],"yield":[75],"good":[76,112],"performance":[78,129],"simple":[80],"AWGN":[81],"channels":[82],"first":[84],"identified;":[85],"then":[86],"their":[87],"goodness":[88],"indoor":[90],"communication":[91],"environments":[92],"is":[93],"verified":[94],"simulation":[96],"multipath":[98],"fading":[99],"channels.":[100],"Several":[101],"found.":[105],"Comparison":[106],"among":[107],"these":[108],"identifies":[110],"one":[113],"only":[118],"26":[119],"addition/subtraction":[120],"operations":[121],"output":[124],"while":[125],"similar":[127],"maintained.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}