{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114737406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2003.1250243","title":"A comparative study of techniques for intrusion detection","display_name":"A comparative study of techniques for intrusion detection","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114737406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2003.1250243","mag":"2114737406"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2003.1250243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2003.1250243","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. 15th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113707271","display_name":"Srinivas Mukkamala","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207123951","display_name":"New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/005p9kw61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207123951"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Mukkamala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, USA","New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207123951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027821975","display_name":"Andrew H. Sung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0815-3102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207123951","display_name":"New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/005p9kw61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207123951"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.H. Sung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Mexico Tech, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Mexico Tech, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207123951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113707271"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207123951"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2444,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92968052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"570","last_page":"577"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.8482675552368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7761840224266052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossover","display_name":"Crossover","score":0.6813167333602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5891760587692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.565970242023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5395774841308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5023655891418457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mars-exploration-program","display_name":"Mars Exploration Program","score":0.5010337829589844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.48991745710372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-adaptive-regression-splines","display_name":"Multivariate adaptive regression splines","score":0.44719764590263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4469187557697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4309697151184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.20876088738441467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression-analysis","display_name":"Regression analysis","score":0.13665837049484253}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.8482675552368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7761840224266052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122507166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628906","display_name":"Crossover","level":2,"score":0.6813167333602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5891760587692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.565970242023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5395774841308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5023655891418457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83260615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6773121","display_name":"Mars Exploration Program","level":2,"score":0.5010337829589844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.48991745710372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44882253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3455882","display_name":"Multivariate adaptive regression splines","level":4,"score":0.44719764590263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4469187557697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4309697151184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.20876088738441467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.13665837049484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74127309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3455886","display_name":"Nonparametric regression","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2003.1250243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2003.1250243","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. 15th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1479962251","https://openalex.org/W1543456900","https://openalex.org/W1554663460","https://openalex.org/W1576520375","https://openalex.org/W1592090113","https://openalex.org/W1600770546","https://openalex.org/W1959547409","https://openalex.org/W2051812123","https://openalex.org/W2094138658","https://openalex.org/W2096318715","https://openalex.org/W2100604298","https://openalex.org/W2102201073","https://openalex.org/W2120617515","https://openalex.org/W2131970275","https://openalex.org/W2143908786","https://openalex.org/W2146196597","https://openalex.org/W2150847526","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2166657964","https://openalex.org/W2167287136","https://openalex.org/W2804005392","https://openalex.org/W4206686222","https://openalex.org/W6632427156","https://openalex.org/W6634442568","https://openalex.org/W6635409250","https://openalex.org/W6636035501","https://openalex.org/W6674670408","https://openalex.org/W6681545543"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003087713","https://openalex.org/W2185815019","https://openalex.org/W2055800560","https://openalex.org/W2186535538","https://openalex.org/W3006349334","https://openalex.org/W4401133862","https://openalex.org/W2122127011","https://openalex.org/W2061466315","https://openalex.org/W2376886931","https://openalex.org/W1992118813"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,56,72,120],"increasing":[2],"incidents":[3],"of":[4,32,43,82,111,124,135,161,167,178],"cyber":[5,11,25],"attacks":[6],"and":[7,62,97,107,137,152,172,184],"heightened":[8],"concerns":[9],"for":[10,23,39,102],"terrorism,":[12],"implementing":[13],"effective":[14,47],"intrusion":[15,103,125,179],"detection":[16,162],"systems":[17],"(IDSs)":[18],"is":[19,140],"an":[20,52],"essential":[21],"task":[22],"protecting":[24],"security--as":[26],"well":[27],"as":[28],"physical":[29],"security":[30],"because":[31],"the":[33,40,57,74,109,115,165],"great":[34,58],"dependence":[35],"on":[36,114],"networked":[37],"computers":[38],"operational":[41],"control":[42],"various":[44],"infrastructures.":[45],"Building":[46],"IDSs,":[48],"unfortunately,":[49],"has":[50],"remained":[51],"elusive":[53],"goal":[54],"owing":[55],"technical":[59],"challenges":[60],"involved;":[61],"applied":[63],"AI":[64],"techniques":[65,158],"are":[66],"increasingly":[67],"being":[68],"utilized":[69],"in":[70,159,174],"attempts":[71],"overcome":[73],"difficulties.":[75],"This":[76],"paper":[77],"presents":[78],"a":[79,121,133],"comparative":[80],"study":[81],"using":[83],"support":[84],"vector":[85],"machines":[86],"(SVMs),":[87],"artificial":[88],"neural":[89],"networks":[90],"(ANNs),":[91],"multivariate":[92],"adaptive":[93],"regression":[94],"splines":[95],"(MARS)":[96],"linear":[98],"genetic":[99],"programs":[100],"(LGPs)":[101],"detection.":[104],"We":[105],"investigate":[106],"compare":[108],"performance":[110],"IDSs":[112],"based":[113],"mentioned":[116],"techniques,":[117],"with":[118,143],"respect":[119],"well-known":[122],"set":[123],"evaluation":[126],"data":[127],"gathered":[128],"by":[129],"Lincoln":[130],"Labs.":[131],"Through":[132],"variety":[134],"experiments":[136],"analysis,":[138],"it":[139],"found":[141],"that,":[142],"appropriately":[144],"chosen":[145],"population":[146],"size,":[147,149],"program":[148],"crossover":[150],"rate":[151],"mutation":[153],"rate,":[154],"LGPs":[155],"outperform":[156,170],"other":[157],"terms":[160],"accuracy":[163],"at":[164],"expense":[166],"time.":[168,186],"SVMs":[169],"MARS":[171],"ANNs":[173],"three":[175],"critical":[176],"aspects":[177],"detection:":[180],"accuracy,":[181],"training":[182],"time,":[183],"testing":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
