{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2909928997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2018.00521","title":"Automated Knowledge Base Completion Using Collaborative Filtering and Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Automated Knowledge Base Completion Using Collaborative Filtering and Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2909928997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2018.00521","mag":"2909928997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2018.00521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2018.00521","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051677950","display_name":"Alisher Tortay","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alisher Tortay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Service Development PUBG Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Service Development PUBG Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062806156","display_name":"Jee Hang Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4337-2774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jee Hang Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["KI for Health Science & Technology KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KI for Health Science & Technology KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079349620","display_name":"Chang Hwa Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5786-3358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Hwa Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bio & Brain Engineering KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bio & Brain Engineering KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075631319","display_name":"Sang Wan Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6266-9613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang Wan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bio & Brain Engineering KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bio & Brain Engineering KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"3069","last_page":"3074"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8402793407440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8015435338020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaborative-filtering","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","score":0.637803316116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6201775670051575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.5985555648803711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.5630260705947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.5514008402824402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4751020669937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3619224429130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.35622161626815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.32373034954071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.18058651685714722}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8402793407440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8015435338020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21569690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94702","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","level":3,"score":0.637803316116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6201775670051575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.5985555648803711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.5630260705947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5514008402824402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4751020669937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3619224429130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.35622161626815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.32373034954071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.18058651685714722}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2018.00521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2018.00521","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W68132019","https://openalex.org/W175897666","https://openalex.org/W205829674","https://openalex.org/W1426956448","https://openalex.org/W1491206589","https://openalex.org/W1512387364","https://openalex.org/W1629473008","https://openalex.org/W1853953842","https://openalex.org/W2028594831","https://openalex.org/W2049455633","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2094728533","https://openalex.org/W2100235918","https://openalex.org/W2101802482","https://openalex.org/W2110325612","https://openalex.org/W2115871101","https://openalex.org/W2119717200","https://openalex.org/W2127426251","https://openalex.org/W2127795553","https://openalex.org/W2128407051","https://openalex.org/W2132115288","https://openalex.org/W2136939460","https://openalex.org/W2142144955","https://openalex.org/W2149956050","https://openalex.org/W2157272674","https://openalex.org/W2159094788","https://openalex.org/W2184957013","https://openalex.org/W2247119764","https://openalex.org/W2251958415","https://openalex.org/W2283196293","https://openalex.org/W2300469216","https://openalex.org/W2460319482","https://openalex.org/W2572487124","https://openalex.org/W2584683887","https://openalex.org/W2606411279","https://openalex.org/W2766127008","https://openalex.org/W2769099080","https://openalex.org/W2962886429","https://openalex.org/W2964152081","https://openalex.org/W2964172232","https://openalex.org/W4230563027","https://openalex.org/W6608344535","https://openalex.org/W6629506918","https://openalex.org/W6636593642","https://openalex.org/W6675255137","https://openalex.org/W6676522543","https://openalex.org/W6677115753","https://openalex.org/W6678830454","https://openalex.org/W6678846912","https://openalex.org/W6680230698","https://openalex.org/W6682032907","https://openalex.org/W6691505722","https://openalex.org/W6732161967","https://openalex.org/W6732817889","https://openalex.org/W6745503308","https://openalex.org/W6745779156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380150146","https://openalex.org/W3024870410","https://openalex.org/W2398165842","https://openalex.org/W2410652950","https://openalex.org/W4283773154","https://openalex.org/W3139174110","https://openalex.org/W4289597203","https://openalex.org/W197922276","https://openalex.org/W4226158052","https://openalex.org/W1809731386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Knowledge-bases":[0],"(KB)":[1],"are":[2],"usually":[3],"incomplete":[4,49],"due":[5],"to":[6,83,111],"an":[7,90],"exponential":[8],"increase":[9],"in":[10],"the":[11,38,48,62,68,85,113,126],"amount":[12],"of":[13,70],"data":[14],"and":[15,60,73,93],"its":[16,94],"high-order":[17],"dependency.":[18],"This":[19,27],"fuels":[20],"a":[21,30,97],"strong":[22],"demand":[23],"for":[24],"KB":[25,33,127],"completion.":[26],"paper":[28],"presents":[29],"novel":[31],"automated":[32],"completion":[34],"framework":[35,66,123],"that":[36,121],"performs":[37],"following":[39],"process":[40],"cycle:":[41],"(i)":[42],"exploring":[43],"missing":[44,86,98],"factors,":[45],"(ii)":[46],"querying":[47],"knowledge,":[50],"(iii)":[51],"reasoning":[52,106],"on":[53,116],"relations":[54],"between":[55],"newly":[56],"discovered":[57],"factors":[58,87],"(iv)":[59],"updating":[61],"KB.":[63,114],"The":[64],"proposed":[65],"uses":[67,79],"combination":[69],"collaborative":[71,81],"filtering":[72,82],"deep":[74,108],"reinforcement":[75,109],"learning.":[76],"First,":[77],"it":[78],"memory-based":[80],"infer":[84],"by":[88],"identifying":[89],"head":[91],"entity":[92],"association":[95],"with":[96,128],"triplet.":[99],"It":[100],"then":[101],"carries":[102],"out":[103],"multi-hop":[104],"relation":[105],"using":[107],"learning":[110],"complete":[112],"Simulations":[115],"two":[117],"public":[118],"datasets":[119],"demonstrate":[120],"our":[122],"successfully":[124],"completes":[125],"high":[129],"precision":[130],"without":[131],"any":[132],"prior":[133],"knowledge":[134],"or":[135],"additional":[136],"information.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}