{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310585491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9961061","title":"Investigating the Cybersecurity of Smart Grids Based on Cyber-Physical Twin Approach","display_name":"Investigating the Cybersecurity of Smart Grids Based on Cyber-Physical Twin Approach","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310585491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9961061"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9961061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9961061","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091120537","display_name":"\u00d6mer Sen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Omer Sen","raw_affiliation_strings":["IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity,Aachen,Germany","IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity,Aachen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063766010","display_name":"Florian Schmidtke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2045-2816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Schmidtke","raw_affiliation_strings":["IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity,Aachen,Germany","IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity,Aachen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071428940","display_name":"Federico Carere","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5105-7910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153973","display_name":"ASM Terni (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/04exf1753","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153973"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Federico Carere","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASM Terni S.p.A.,Terni,Italy","ASM Terni S.p.A., Terni, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASM Terni S.p.A.,Terni,Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASM Terni S.p.A., Terni, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081181603","display_name":"Francesca Santori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6726-0497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153973","display_name":"ASM Terni (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/04exf1753","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153973"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Santori","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASM Terni S.p.A.,Terni,Italy","ASM Terni S.p.A., Terni, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASM Terni S.p.A.,Terni,Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASM Terni S.p.A., Terni, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074624526","display_name":"Andreas Ulbig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5834-1842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Ulbig","raw_affiliation_strings":["IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity,Aachen,Germany","IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity,Aachen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IAEW, RWTH Aachen Univserity, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030410007","display_name":"Antonello Monti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-9801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonello Monti","raw_affiliation_strings":["ACS, RWTH Aachen University,Aachen,Germany","ACS, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ACS, RWTH Aachen University,Aachen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ACS, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091120537"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8435,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72106975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"439","last_page":"445"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.741687536239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.7282184362411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6429648399353027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.6214556694030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16744163632392883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13130468130111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11851641535758972}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.741687536239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.7282184362411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6429648399353027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.6214556694030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16744163632392883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13130468130111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11851641535758972}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9961061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9961061","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1662833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1662833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021698503","https://openalex.org/W2024599329","https://openalex.org/W2201321031","https://openalex.org/W2584763651","https://openalex.org/W2759273942","https://openalex.org/W2887761217","https://openalex.org/W2921277326","https://openalex.org/W3011880158","https://openalex.org/W3041605862","https://openalex.org/W3080098019","https://openalex.org/W3097236292","https://openalex.org/W3110349953","https://openalex.org/W3123953333","https://openalex.org/W3134846398","https://openalex.org/W3158188060","https://openalex.org/W3162812930","https://openalex.org/W3201629921","https://openalex.org/W3204615369","https://openalex.org/W4213201928","https://openalex.org/W6744384640","https://openalex.org/W6795352921"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2295387375","https://openalex.org/W2962702312","https://openalex.org/W2804450076","https://openalex.org/W2772304541","https://openalex.org/W2057693510","https://openalex.org/W2094562085","https://openalex.org/W3155916161","https://openalex.org/W2163600828","https://openalex.org/W2076715071","https://openalex.org/W4308246097"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"the":[1,38,41,52,75,87,116,144,162,181],"increasing":[2],"penetration":[3],"of":[4,40,45,81,98,120,143,183],"information":[5],"and":[6,43,59,78,96,102,105,118,157],"communication":[7],"technology":[8],"into":[9,74],"distribution":[10],"grid":[11,54,82,88,155,164],"brings":[12],"numerous":[13],"benefits,":[14],"it":[15],"also":[16,127],"opens":[17],"up":[18],"a":[19,28,56,64,91,136,140,178,184],"new":[20],"threat":[21],"landscape,":[22],"particularly":[23],"through":[24],"cyberattacks.":[25],"To":[26],"provide":[27],"basis":[29],"for":[30],"countermeasures":[31],"against":[32],"such":[33,123],"threats,":[34],"this":[35,169],"paper":[36],"addresses":[37],"investigation":[39,131,138],"impact":[42,160],"manifestations":[44],"cyberattacks":[46,153],"on":[47,108,115,128,154,161],"smart":[48],"grids":[49],"by":[50,70],"replicating":[51],"power":[53,110,163],"in":[55,180],"secure,":[57],"isolated,":[58],"controlled":[60],"laboratory":[61],"environment":[62],"as":[63],"cyber-physical":[65,174],"twin.":[66],"Currently,":[67],"detecting":[68],"intrusions":[69],"unauthorized":[71],"third":[72],"parties":[73],"central":[76],"monitoring":[77],"control":[79],"system":[80],"operators,":[83],"especially":[84],"attacks":[85,107],"within":[86],"perimeter,":[89],"is":[90,147],"major":[92],"challenge.":[93],"The":[94],"development":[95],"validation":[97],"methods":[99],"to":[100,134,149],"detect":[101],"prevent":[103],"coordinated":[104],"timed":[106],"electric":[109],"systems":[111],"depends":[112],"not":[113],"only":[114],"availability":[117],"quality":[119],"data":[121],"from":[122],"attack":[124],"scenarios,":[125],"but":[126],"suitable":[129],"realistic":[130,141],"environments.":[132],"However,":[133],"create":[135],"comprehensive":[137],"environment,":[139],"representation":[142],"study":[145],"object":[146],"required":[148],"thoroughly":[150],"investigate":[151],"critical":[152],"operations":[156],"evaluate":[158],"their":[159],"using":[165,177],"real":[166],"data.":[167],"In":[168],"paper,":[170],"we":[171],"demonstrate":[172],"our":[173],"twin":[175],"approach":[176],"microgrid":[179],"context":[182],"cyberattack":[185],"case":[186],"study.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
