{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2965880414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm.2019.8909767","title":"Moving-Target Defense for Detecting Coordinated Cyber-Physical Attacks in Power Grids","display_name":"Moving-Target Defense for Detecting Coordinated Cyber-Physical Attacks in Power Grids","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2965880414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm.2019.8909767","mag":"2965880414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm.2019.8909767","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm.2019.8909767","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.02392","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073467476","display_name":"Subhash Lakshminarayana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-9780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Subhash Lakshminarayana","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK","University of Warwick"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043248870","display_name":"E. Veronica Belmega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4336-4704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86175216","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de l'\u00c9lectronique et de ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/03qeacd72","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86175216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800379142","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Seine","ror":"https://ror.org/0033vhx30","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800379142"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Veronica Belmega","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETIS, Universit\u00e9 Paris Seine, ENSEA, Cergy-Pontoise, France","Universit\u00e9 Paris Seine, ENSEA,ETIS,,Cergy-Pontoise,,France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS, Universit\u00e9 Paris Seine, ENSEA, Cergy-Pontoise, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800379142","https://openalex.org/I86175216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Seine, ENSEA,ETIS,,Cergy-Pontoise,,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800379142","https://openalex.org/I86175216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042307561","display_name":"H. Vincent Poor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-131X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Vincent Poor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, USA","Princeton University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073467476"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1681,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4763931,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7631173133850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.6972965598106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6431857347488403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5988880395889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5889089703559875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4863312840461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.48365816473960876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4674941599369049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4521716237068176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-transmission","display_name":"Electric power transmission","score":0.4354766607284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3866245746612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3854438066482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3790575861930847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3459968566894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3215819299221039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24115923047065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.13651427626609802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12408846616744995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09463968873023987}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7631173133850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.6972965598106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6431857347488403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5988880395889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5889089703559875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4863312840461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.48365816473960876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4674941599369049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4521716237068176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140311924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200928","display_name":"Electric power transmission","level":2,"score":0.4354766607284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3866245746612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3854438066482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3790575861930847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3459968566894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3215819299221039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24115923047065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.13651427626609802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12408846616744995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09463968873023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm.2019.8909767","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm.2019.8909767","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1908.02392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.02392","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.02392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02865397v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-02865397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE SmartGridCom, Oct 2019, Beijing, China","raw_type":"Conference papers"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1908.02392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1908.02392","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1908.02392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.02392","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.02392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484040084","https://openalex.org/W2005028112","https://openalex.org/W2015086338","https://openalex.org/W2028239856","https://openalex.org/W2031252608","https://openalex.org/W2066909550","https://openalex.org/W2067417819","https://openalex.org/W2108906138","https://openalex.org/W2121658841","https://openalex.org/W2147320153","https://openalex.org/W2149365358","https://openalex.org/W2164681195","https://openalex.org/W2167401472","https://openalex.org/W2318209144","https://openalex.org/W2517303124","https://openalex.org/W2612796499","https://openalex.org/W2800178455","https://openalex.org/W2807999445","https://openalex.org/W2963130331","https://openalex.org/W2963405846"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2991102815","https://openalex.org/W3035252510","https://openalex.org/W3199429402","https://openalex.org/W2950426646","https://openalex.org/W3149118379","https://openalex.org/W2906478736","https://openalex.org/W2783169723","https://openalex.org/W2890415503","https://openalex.org/W2098897917","https://openalex.org/W2893094452","https://openalex.org/W2743896684","https://openalex.org/W2904081477","https://openalex.org/W3163380956","https://openalex.org/W2066909550","https://openalex.org/W3180235942","https://openalex.org/W3013996776","https://openalex.org/W2736394344","https://openalex.org/W2913636944","https://openalex.org/W2816293441","https://openalex.org/W2142987734"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,22,28,33,167],"moving":[4],"target":[5],"defense":[6,158,213],"(MTD)":[7],"strategy":[8],"to":[9,45,57,65,76,84,117,143,155,170,182],"detect":[10,144],"coordinated":[11,34],"cyber-physical":[12],"attacks":[13,54],"(CCPAs)":[14],"against":[15,146],"power":[16],"grids.":[17],"A":[18],"CCPA":[19],"consists":[20,124],"of":[21,49,71,88,125,133,175,203],"physical":[23,51,90],"attack,":[24],"such":[25],"as":[26],"disconnecting":[27],"transmission":[29,97,104],"line,":[30],"followed":[31],"by":[32,92],"cyber":[35],"attack":[36,91],"that":[37,80,139],"injects":[38],"false":[39],"data":[40],"into":[41],"the":[42,47,50,66,72,78,81,86,89,95,110,131,141,150,157,161,172,178,193,201,211],"sensor":[43],"measurements":[44],"mask":[46,85],"effects":[48,87],"attack.":[52],"Such":[53],"can":[55],"lead":[56],"undetectable":[58],"line":[59,98],"outages":[60],"and":[61,209],"cause":[62],"significant":[63],"damage":[64],"grid.":[67],"The":[68,120],"main":[69],"idea":[70],"proposed":[73,121],"approach":[74,169,205],"is":[75],"invalidate":[77],"knowledge":[79],"attackers":[82],"use":[83,166],"actively":[93],"perturbing":[94],"grid's":[96],"reactances":[99],"using":[100,192],"distributed":[101],"flexible":[102],"AC":[103],"system":[105],"(D-FACTS)":[106],"devices.":[107],"We":[108],"identify":[109,130,171],"MTD":[111,122],"design":[112,123],"criteria":[113],"in":[114,149,153,206],"this":[115],"context":[116],"thwart":[118],"CCPAs.":[119],"two":[126],"parts.":[127],"First,":[128],"we":[129,165],"subset":[132,174],"links":[134,176],"for":[135],"D-FACTS":[136,179],"device":[137],"deployment":[138,180],"enables":[140],"defender":[142],"CCPAs":[145,208],"any":[147],"link":[148],"system.":[151],"Then,":[152],"order":[154],"minimize":[156],"cost":[159],"during":[160],"system's":[162],"operational":[163],"time,":[164],"game-theoretic":[168],"best":[173],"(within":[177],"set)":[181],"perturb":[183],"which":[184],"will":[185],"provide":[186],"adequate":[187],"protection.":[188],"Extensive":[189],"simulations":[190],"performed":[191],"MATPOWER":[194],"simulator":[195],"on":[196],"IEEE":[197],"bus":[198],"systems":[199],"verify":[200],"effectiveness":[202],"our":[204],"detecting":[207],"reducing":[210],"operator's":[212],"cost.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}